<p>The introduction of carbon-fibre reinforced plastics in loadbearing automotive structures provides a great potential toreduce vehicle weight and fuel consumption. To enable themanufacture and assembly of composite structural parts,reliable and cost-effective joining technologies must bedeveloped. This thesis addresses several aspects of joining andload introduction in carbon-fibre reinforced plastics based onnon-crimp fabric reinforcement.</p><p>The bearing strength of carbon fibre/epoxy laminates wasinvestigated considering the effects of bolt-hole clearance.The laminate failure modes and ultimate bearing strength werefound to be significantly dependent upon the laminate stackingsequence, geometry and lateral clamping load. Significantreduction in bearing strength at 4% hole deformation was foundfor both pin-loaded and clamped laminates. The ultimatestrength of the joints was found to be independent of theinitial bolt-hole clearance.</p><p>The behaviour of hybrid (bolted/bonded) joints wasinvestigated both numerically and experimentally. Athree-dimensional non-linear finite element model was developedto predict the load transfer distribution in the joints. Theeffect of the joint geometry and adhesive material propertieson the load transfer was determined through a parameter study.An experimental investigation was undertaken to determine thestrength, failure mechanisms and fatigue life of hybrid joints.The joints were shown to have greater strength, stiffness andfatigue life in comparison to adhesive bonded joints. However,the benefits were only observed in joint designs which allowedfor load sharing between the adhesive and the bolt.</p><p>The effect of the environment on the durability of bondedand hybrid joints was investigated. The strength and fatiguelife of the joints was found to decrease significantly withincreased ageing time. Hybrid joints demonstrated increasedfatigue life in comparison to adhesive bonded joints afterageing in a cyclic freeze/thaw environment.</p><p>The strength and failure mechanisms of composite laminatessubject to localised transverse loading were investigatedconsidering the effect of the specimen size, stacking sequenceand material system. Damage was found to initiate in thelaminates at low load levels, typically 20-30% of the ultimatefailure load. The dominant initial failure mode wasintralaminar shear failure, which occurred in sub-surfaceplies. Two different macromechanical failure modes wereidentified, fastener pull-through failure and global collapseof the laminate. The damage patterns and ultimate failure modewere found to depend upon the laminate stacking sequence andresin system. Finite element analysis was used to analyse thestress distribution within the laminates and predict first-plyfailure.</p><p><b>Keywords:</b>Composite, laminate, bearing strength,joining, load introduction, hybrid joint, finite elementanalysis, mechanical testing.</p>

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In our essay we examine the different introduction models that are practiced in preschool. The central question is if the different models have any importance (or consequences) for the children’s connection in preschool. In the two different cases we will present, one based upon preparatory training that was applied during the 1990s and another that is currently used today. The purpose with this essay was to get a deeper understanding for the child’s attachment to preschool and for how we, as educators should act during the preparatory training to create a secure foundation for the child. Something we found out was that the educationist relation and behavior towards the child is of great importance in the development of a secure environment in preschool. Some central concepts that is important for the educationist relation to the child perceptive, interaction, and practical sense. Even the communication between the educationist and the parents during preparatory training is of great importance to create a secure foundation for the child in preschool. In our essay, we interviewed two authors, Gunilla Niss and Anna–Karin Söderström. We have selected these authors because they have interesting and informed reflections on the induction and attachment in preschool.

Membership in the European Union – this is not a final result, but only one of the many steps. Lithuania, as any other country having become a member of the European Union, further faces different social, economic and political transformations. This is reflected in changes of societies opinion on European Union and internal policy as well. Lithuanian economic commitments to the European Union is crucial regarding support of Lithuanian society to the integration policy. Successful and what the most important, on time Lithuanian entering into Economic and monetary union – most significant step of economic integration. Membership in Economic and monetary union, for which Lithuanian is being prepared and which is being planned for the start of 2007, will mean cancellation of the council of currency and introduction of the new rules on monetary policy. It could be considered that joining of the Economic and monetary union is one of the most significant questions of the agenda of economic policy. Even though Lithuania has an obligation to become a member of euro zone as it set out in the agreement on entering the EU, and in this respect has no such a possibility to choose as United Kingdom or Denmark, the principal question on strengths and weaknesses of euro zone to compare with currently existing system is widely discussed in Lithuanian society. It has to be stressed that on this beforehand mentioned question the opinions of Government and society are the most different, so that... [to full text]

Šiame darbe buvo suformuota naujai įsikūrusios įmonės “Vasaknų dvaras” alaus įvedimo į rinką rinkodaros strategija. Darbo tikslas buvo sukurti šią strategiją, o uždaviniai buvo išanalizuoti aplinką, kurioje veikia įmonė bei įmonės galimybes šioje aplinkoje; išsiaiškinti alaus gamybos ir pardavimo subtilybes, apklausiant šios srities ekspertus; pateikti sprendimus dėl produkto pozicionavimo ir rinkodaros komplekso elementų. Darbe buvo naudojamas kokybinis tyrimas – rinkos ekspertų giluminis interviu. Darbo rezultatai yra šie: ištirta alaus rinka Lietuvoje, atlikta “Vasaknų dvaro” vidinė analizė, padaryti trys interviu su alaus rinkos ekspertais ir tuo remiantis sukurta “Vasaknų dvaro” alaus pozicionavimo strategija bei pasiūlyti sprendimai dėl produkto savybių, kainos, paskirstymo kanalų pasirinkimo ir rėmimo veiksmų. Šis darbas bus naudojamas įmonės kaip gairės, kuriant detalų rinkodaros planą. / The goal of this work was to form a marketing strategy for the beer of a start-up company “Vasaknu dvaras”. In order to do this the following tasks were performed: a complete market analysis of beer products; an internal analysis of company’s strengths and weaknesses in this business; a qualitative market research with the experts of the beer industry; preparation of decisions about product positioning and marketing mix. The decisions were based on a qualitative research – depth interviews. There were the following results achieved: an indepth analysis of beer market with its opportunities and threats; an analysis of company’s strengths and weaknesses; 3 interviews were conducted with experts in beer business who gave their insights on production and realization of beer products; finally, a marketing strategy was drawn according to given information – it included decisions about positioning of “Vasaknu dvaras” beer, ideas about product attributes, pricing, distribution and promotion. This work will be used as a guideline by the company in its future planning of marketing activities.

Bakgrund: Det krävs en god och genomtänkt introduktion för att nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskor ska komma in i arbetet på den nya arbetsplatsen. Syfte: Syftet med pilotstudien var att beskriva nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av introduktionen till den nya yrkesrollen. Metod: Fyra nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskor med mellan 9 månader till 21 månaders erfarenhet av operationssjuksköterskeyrket har intervjuats. Intervjuerna har analyserats genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Planering och struktur där det visade sig att det funnits en plan för introduktionen av nyanställda operationssjuksköterskor men att den följdes olika och skilde sig åt beroende på vilken operationsavdelning det var. Eget ansvar där det, allt eftersom tiden gick, lades mer och mer ansvar på den nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskan att själv ansvara för det som behövde läras in. Kollegors förväntningar där nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskor efter en tid in i introduktionen kände en stress av att leva upp till outtalade förväntningar från både läkar- och operationssjuksköterskekolleger att kunna och förstå saker de ännu inte fått genomgång av. Kollegialt stöd där det visade sig att det var en trygghet för de nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskona att de kände en acceptans då de hade mycket frågor och funderingar kring den nya yrkesrollen. Resultatet från pilotstudien kan vara till hjälp på operationsavdelningar vid utveckling av rutiner så att introduktionen av nyutexaminerade operationssjuksköterskor ska kunna bli så optimal som möjligt. / Background: It requires a good and deliberated introduction to the newly graduated theater nurses to begin to work in the new workplace. Aim: The aim of this pilot study was to describe newly graduated theatre nurses' experiences of the introduction to the new professional role. Method: Four theatre nurses with 9 months to 21 months of experience in the theatre nursing profession were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Results: Planning and structure where it turned out that there was a plan for introduction of newly graduated theatre nurses, but it differed depending on the operating theatre. Personal responsibility where it was shown that as time passed it was the nurses´ own responsibility to find out what was necessary to learn. Colleagues' expectations where the newly graduated theatre nurses experienced that after a time into the introduction they felt stressed to meet the unspoken expectations from both surgeons and theatre nursing colleagues to know and understand things they had not been shown. Collegially support where it was shown that the newly graduated theatre nurses felt acceptance from colleagues when they had lots of questions and concerns in the new professional role. The results of the pilot study can be helpful in surgical wards in the development of procedures to make the introduction of new graduate theatre nurses to be as optimal as possible.

Specialiųjų poreikių vaikai – tai mūsų visuomenės dalis, todėl būtina gilintis į jų problemų sprendimą, padėti prisitaikyti prie juos supančios aplinkos, pritapti ir surasti savo vietą visuomenėje. Neįgaliųjų vaikų integracija – viena iš aktualiausių diskusijų, mokslinių konferencijų bei mokslinės literatūros temų. Tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti mokinių, besimokančių pagal individualizuotas programas socialinę – edukacinę situaciją mokykloje. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Atlikus mokslinės literatūros analizę, atskleisti mokinių, turinčių specialiųjų poreikių integravimo galimybes. 2. Aptarti mokinių, turinčių specialiųjų poreikių, socialinę – edukacinę situacują instituciniu ( mokyklos ) lygmeniu. 3. Atskleisti mokinių, turinčių specialiųjų poreikių, socialinę- edukacinę situaciją mokymosi veiklos lygmeniu. 4. Aptarti mokinių, turinčių specialiųjų poreikių, socialinę – edukacinę situaciją tarpasmeniniu lygmeniu. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, Q tipo duomenų rinkimas ( anketinė apklausa), lyginamoji analizė, kokybinė ir statistinė duomenų analizė. Anketos parengtos trims respondentų grupėms: 5-9 klasių, specialiųjų poreikių turintiems mokiniams ( 39 mokiniai ), mokytojams ( 23 mokytojai ) ir tėvams ( 27 tėvai) Respondentų nuomone vaikų besimokančių pagal individualizuotas programas, padėtis bendrojo lavinimo mokykloje pasireiškia vienodais lūkesčiais, ugdymo tikslais ir metodais, tai viena iš svarbiausių teigiamos vaiko savijautos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Special needs childern - is our society, it is necessary to look into thier problems, to adapt to their environment, to adapt and find their place in society. Integration of Disabled Cildern - one of the most pressing debates, conferences and literature themes. Purpose of the survey - to reveal students'learning under individualized programs of national education, the social situation of the school. the tasks were: 1. After the literature analysis, detection of students with special needs into opportunities. 2. Discus pupils with special situation of institutional ( schol) level. 3. Reveal students with special needs, social situation for learning at the operational level. 4. Discuss pupils with special situation of the school interpersonal level. Research methods incultde literature review, Q- type data collection ( guestionnaire ), a comparative analysis of gualitative and statistical data analysis. Profiles of respondents drawn theree groups: 5-9 grade, special needs pupils ( 39 pupils ), teachers ( 23 teachers) and parents ( 27 parents). Felt to be individualized according to childern's learning programs on secondary school gets the same expectations, educational goals and methods, it is one of the most important positive well - being of the child's school history. The study shoved that the individualization of educational programs for student released - a long-term, systematik, planed event. The analysis of pupils... [to full text]

ABSTRACTThis thesis aims to explain how companies and organizations can form their recruitingprocess to successfully recruit people with the same values as the company ororganisation. We have conducted this thesis because we consider it to be of relevancedue to limited research on the subject. To fulfill the purpose of this thesis we havefocused on one main issue. That is how companies can shape their recruiting process torecruit people with the same values as the company. Our ambition is to describe thissubject from a recruiting perspective with the values in focus. We conducted seveninterviews with a qualitative approach for a deeper understanding of the studied topic.The interview respondents consist of a human resource coordinator, an operativemanager, an operator, and customer service workers. Some of which are people whocontinuously recruit people and some of which have themselves been recruited in thelast two years. In the final chapter we present our conclusion of the report. Because ofthe reports qualitative method it is difficult to present a complete picture. We thereforerefer to the last chapter for further reading.

The aim of the study is to elucidate and analyze newcomer students´ experiences of the Language Introduction Program, in more detail, how the students describe their time at the program and how experiences could differ between girls and boys. Finally, the study examines how the program, according to the students, can be significant for their future. The analysis of the students´ dictums is based on the perspective of intercultural education. To answer the study´s aim and research questions, the investigation consists of eight semi-structured interviews with students who are studying at the Language Introduction Program at an upper secondary school in Uppsala.The results show that the main advantages with studying at the Language Introduction Program are, according to the students, that they learn the Swedish language and that they meet students with several cultural backgrounds. The main disadvantages that were noted were that the Language Introduction Program takes a long time to finish, and furthermore, the contact with the students at the other programs at the school is not enough. To some extent, the students´ experiences differ, however, the differences are not always due to gender. The students feel that the Language Introduction Program has helped them with the Swedish language and prepared them for future studies. In conclusion, the study shows that good knowledge in the Swedish language is considered to be the key to success in school and society, both for social life and for educational purposes.

This is a qualitative study with four interviews, in four different preschools, in the same municipality. By making it so, it becomes a case study to describe a phenomenon in a municipality which also is the definition for this investigation. The purpose of my study is to examine what it means, in a municipality, to have different types of introduction at preschool. Where I ask the question why preschools choose to have a specific method of introduction and what are the basics and ideas behind the choice of the method? What significance do these different methods have to attachment theory? What do teachers think about the advantages and disadvantages with their choice of method? The versions of introductions are many and may vary; the duration of the introduction may vary from 1-3 days up to 3 weeks. The introduction is about getting to know and introduce adults and children in a preschool. The methods covered in this study are the parent active introduction methods and the traditional method of introduction on 2 – 3 weeks. Introduction is something that evolves into something particular to each preschool and department, and how good the introduction is does not have to do with the type of model or method used by the teacher but rather how teachers relate to parents and children. Which method teachers choose to use in their introduction does not matter as long as preschools find an approach or method that suits the department, parents and children. My conclusion is that there is a difference between the preschools in the municipality in regard to which method of introduction they choose to work with. Regardless of the method the teachers of the different preschools have chosen to work with, they still work towards the same goal, that parents and children should feel calm and secure, and that the teachers create a good connection to the parents and children in order to give the children a good start of preschool. What differentiates the various introduction methods is just how long each preschool believe that it takes for the children and parents to get sufficiently introduced. The most important thing is that the teachers have a strong commitment to the introduction and that they have a common approach, which is the common factor in all types of introductions.