Development of computer networks able to operate at the speed of 10 Gb/s imposes new requirements on newly developed network devices and also on a process of their testing. Such devices are tested by replaying synthetic or previously captured network traffic on an input link of the tested device. We must be able to perform both tasks also at full wire speed. Current testing devices are either not able to operate at the speed of 10 Gb/s or they are too expensive. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to design and implement a hardware accelerated application able to generate and replay network traffic at the speed of 10 Gb/s. The application is accelerated in the FPGA of the COMBOv2 card and it also utilizes the NetCOPE platform. Architecture of the application is modular, which allows easy implementation of different modes of operation. The application implements both capturing and replaying network traffic at full wire speed, but traffic can be limited to a specified value of bitrate at the output. The thesis is concluded by a comparison of the implemented application and the packet generator implemented on the NetFPGA platform. According to this comparison, the implemented application is better than the NetFPGA packet generator.

This master’s thesis is focused on IP mobility support for mobile users and their devices in IPv6-based wireless networks. Then the Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) protocol was proposed for this purpose and that is also the main objective of the thesis. This consists of several basic sections and is organized as follows: The first one deals with the overview of the function of Mobile IP, which enables the mobility of nodes around the Internet, without a change of their original IP address. Moreover there are introduced the primary differences between MIPv6 and its previous version – i.e., MIPv4, proposed for IPv4-based environment. The second chapter of the master’s thesis thereafter describes detailed information about all the most important mechanisms and features of Mobile IPv6 and this way tries to explain principles of its functioning. Further the thesis analyses some of proposed MIPv6 extensions – i.e., Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6), Mobile IPv6 Fast Handover (FMIPv6) a Fast Handover for HMIPv6 (F-HMIPv6) protocols, and mainly aim at signaling process during the handover of a mobile node. In the last main section of the master’s thesis an analytical method to evaluate the performance of IPv6-based mobility management protocols was proposed. Subsequently, this method is applied on the protocols which were mentioned above and are studied the effects of various network parameters on the performance of these protocols.

Diploma thesis provides an introduction to the ns-3 network simulator. It describes the basic abstactions and components of the instrument. This work further discusses the theory, which was applied during simulation creation. The concept of unicast, the issue of IP addressing and routing in networks are specificaly analyzed. The practical part is focused on the creation of four laboratory tasks within the scope of Advanced Communication Techniques. The first task is dedicated to the the issue of static unicast routing in the network. It clarifies the impact of metrics on the process of routing. The following task compares the different types of ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 messages. The third task discusses additional functions of the ICMPv6. Specifically, it focuses on five different types of ICMPv6 messages defined by NDP (Neighbor Discovery Protocol) and their role in the network traffic. The last task focuses on ensuring the quality of services (QoS) in wireless networks, by setting priorities and thereby dividing the traffic into different classes. Attention is focused on parameters such as throughput, delay and jitter.

This master's thesis analyses and demonstrates selected IPv6 attacks including two Man-in-the-Middle attacks and one Denial of Service attack - Rogue Router Advertisement, Neighbor Cache Poisoning and Duplicate Address Detection DoS, respectively. In the first part the author presents necessary information related to the issue and provides detailed information on how to realize these attacks in practice using publicly available tools. The second part of the thesis presents various ways of mitigating presented attacks, analyses implementations of some of those countermeasures on Cisco and H3C devices and discussess their applicability.

This thesis deals with the Longest Prefix Matching (LPM), which is a time-critical operation in packet forwarding. To achieve 100Gbps throughput, this operation has to be implemented in hardware and a forwarding table has to fit into the on-chip memory, which is limited by its small size. Current LPM algorithms need large memory to store IPv6 forwarding tables or cannot be simply implemented in HW. Therefore we performed an analysis of available IPv6 forwarding tables and several LPM algorithms. Based on this analysis, we propose a new algorithm which is able to provide very low memory demands for IPv4/IPv6 lookups. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed algorithm has the lowest memory requirements in comparison to existing LPM algorithms. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is suitable for IP lookup in 100Gbps networks, which is shown on new pipelined hardware architecture with 140Gbps throughput.

OMNeT++ is a discrete-event simulator commonly used to build various network simulations. It can be extended by INET framework that supplies models of protocols and devices from TCP/IP environment. This paper explores current capabilities of INET to model IPv6, particularly routing. Implemented extension includes modules of dual-stack router and dual-stack host that support XML-based configuration of IPv6 addressing and static routing. We also introduce an OSPFv3 module that implements most of auxiliary features and is ready for future development of the routing protocol core.

It has been suggested that some cryptocurrencies have potential to take the role as a global digital payment system. However, as the current technology stands, all cryptocurrencies have shortcomings which are growing when scaling parameters. This emphasizes the importance of fast and reliable data transmissions when implementing network protocols to handle the transactions. However, little research has been conducted to specifically support the development of cryptocurrencies regarding protocol performance comparison. This study will be assisting the development of a new cryptocurrency, proposed by HAJ Enterprise. The report uses a theoretical framework of economic perspectives to investigate if the proposed cryptocurrency could take the role as a form of good money. Furthermore, the main purpose of the study is to identify which existing transport protocol with appurtenant parameters would be the most suitable in an implementation of the proposed cryptocurrency. To answer these questions, the study measures latency, throughput and reliability of protocols in a test simulating a real case of long distance data transmission. These results are then compared to findings from similar studies. From the results, it was suggested that proposed cryptocurrency satisfies the requirements of good money, as intrinsic value was found through the monetary policy. Moreover, it was found that TCP IPv6 showed the best performance regarding data transmission. However, considering the current state of the IPv6 adoption rate into consideration, it is suggested that TCP IPv4 with a packet size in the range of 1024-2048 would be beneficial. Further research in different settings is required for more nuanced results. / Det har föreslagits att kryptovalutor har potential att fungera som ett globalt digitalt betalmedel. Den bakomliggande tekniken medför dock att alla kryptovalutor har brister. Dessa brister är växande när parametrar skalas upp. Detta understryker vikten av snabba och pålitliga överföringar av data och passande val vid implementering av protokoll för att hantera transaktionerna. Forskning inom området för effektiv dataöverföring inom kryptovalutor tillåter fler möjligheter i betraktande av lösningar till storskaliga nätverk. Dessvärre har en begränsad mängd forskning bedrivits som specifikt understödjer utvecklingen av kryptovalutor genom jämförelse av protokollprestanda. Denna studie medverkar i utvecklingen av en ny kryptovaluta, föreslagen av HAJ Enterprise. Rapporten använder ett teoretiskt ramverk av ekonomiska perspektiv på kryptovalutor för att undersöka om den föreslagna kryptovalutan kan klassas som good money. Vidare är det huvudsakliga syftet med studien att identifiera vilka befintliga transportprotokoll, med tillhörande parametrar, som skulle vara mest lämpade att implementera i den föreslagna kryptovalutan. För att besvara dessa frågor mäts fördröjning, genomströmning och tillförlitlighet av protokoll i en testmiljö som simulerar ett verkligt fall med dataöverföring mellan långa avstånd. Dessa resultat jämförs därefter med resultat från liknande studier. Från resultaten kunde rapporten visa att den föreslagna kryptovalutan kan klassificeras som en form av pengar, då inneboende värde kunde identifieras genom kryptovalutans monetära policy. Det var också visat att TCP IPv6 hade bäst prestanda gällande dataöverföring. Men med hänsyn till den globala etablering av IPv6 föreslås TCP IPv4 med en paketstorlek inom en räckvidd mellan 1024 till 2048 byte som mest fördelaktig. Fortsatt forskning inom området och utökade tester inom olika miljöer krävs för ett mer nyanserat resultat.

Den här rapporten grundar sig i problematiken med att kombinera TCP/IPv4 ochTCP/IPv6 med varandra. De två protokollen är inte kompatibla att skicka paket mellansig och bara delar av internet använder sig av, eller har stöd för, det nyare protokolletIPv6. På grund av att de publika IPv4-adresserna är slut i världen så måsteförr eller senare en fullständig migrering ske på internet. Fram till dess behövs dockmigreringsmetoder som kan hantera både de äldre och de nyare TCP/IP-protokolletsimultant.I rapporten kommer olika migreringsmetoder plockas fram där fokus ligger påkomplexitet, alltså tidsåtgång för implementering. Metoderna som presenteras utgören laboration där testpersoner har fått utföra simulerade migreringar med de olikateknikerna för att få fram tidsdata. Med hjälp av tidsdatan presenteras sedan denminst komplexa migreringsmetoden. En minimalt komplex metod kan hjälpa bådeprivatpersoner och företag kopplade till internet att migrera från IPv4 till IPv6 på ettsmidigare sätt.Migreringslösningarna i den här rapporten riktar sig dock främst till en målgruppav medelstora företag som vill använd sig av IPv6 men samtidigt ha möjlighet attvara anslutna till internet.Resultatet visade att med hjälp av en teknik kallad Dual Stacking kunde bådeIPv4 och IPv6 användas på ett nätverk simultant. Våra testpersoner pekade också påatt denna teknik är den minst komplexa, alltså lättast att implementera och förstå.Resultatet av rapporten kan göra att fler vågar använda sig av IPv6 och när dagenkommer då internet går över till IPv6 så kommer dessa företag ligga i framkant ochvara väl förberedda. / This report is based on the problem of combining TCP/IPv4 and TCP/IPv6 with eachother. The two protocols are not compatible to send packets between themselves andonly parts of the Internet make use of, or supports, the newer IPv6 protocol. Due tothe shortage of public IPv4 addresses in the world we need to, sooner or later, makea complete migration from IPv4 to IPv6 over the Internet. However, until needed,we can make use of migration methods that can handle both the older and the newerTCP/IP protocols simultaneously.In the report, various migration techniques are evaluated with the main focusbeing complexity, as in: the time it takes to implement the solution. The methodpresented constitute a laboratory task where the test persons performs simulated migrationswith the different techniques to get a time data. With the help of time datathe least complex migration method is later presented. A minimally complex methodcan help both individuals and companies connected to the Internet to migrate fromIPv4 to IPv6 in a smoother manner.Migration solutions in this report are mainly addressed to a target group of mediumsizedcompanies that want to use the IPv6-protocol but at the same time want to havethe opportunity to be connected to the Internet.The results showed that by using a technique called Dual Stacking, both IPv4 andIPv6 can be used on a network simultaneously. Our testers also pointed out that thistechnique is the least complex, therefore the easiest to implement and understand.The outcome of the report might result in more companies daring to use IPv6, andwhen the day comes when the Internet completely migrates to IPv6 these companieswill be in the forefront and well prepared.

<p>The objective of this thesis is to design and implement a small scaleInternet Service Provider (ISP) for the NetCenter sub department atMälardalen University. The ISP is intended to give NetCenter a networkseparate from the University’s network, providing them with a moreflexible environment for lab purposes. This will give their students anopportunity to experience a larger backbone with Internet accessibility,which has not been previously available. At the same time it will place theteachers in control of the network in the NetCenter lab premises.The network is designed with a layered approach including an Internetaccess layer, a larger core segment and a distribution layer with aseparated lab network. It also incorporates both a public and a privateserver network, housing servers running e.g. Windows Active Directory,external DNS services, monitoring tools and logging applications. TheInternet access is achieved by peering with SUNET providing a full BGPfeed.This thesis report presents methods, implementations and results involvedin successfully creating the NetCenter ISP as both a lab network and anInternet provider with a few inevitable shortcomings; the most prominentbeing an incomplete Windows Domain setup.</p>

The super collision between the Internet phenomenon and the wireless communication revolution gives birth to a wealth of novel research problems, design challenges and standardization activities. Within this domain, spontaneous wireless IP networking are probably the most extreme example of new ''particles'' born from the collision. Indeed, these particles defy the laws of the Internet in many ways. The absorption of such peculiar particles in the global IP network has already started thanks to pioneering algorithmic and protocol work -- for instance OLSR -- and through the deployment of wireless mesh networks around the world, such as urban community wireless networks. With the recent revolutions in North Africa, and movements such as Occupy Wall Street, the prospect of spontaneous wireless IP networking has become even more attractive on social and political grounds. Dedicated conferences have recently been organized, and as a result, ambitious, multi-million dollar initiatives have been launched (e.g. the US Government-funded project Commotion Wireless, or the EU-funded initiative CONFINE). However, spontaneous IP wireless networks are not yet widely deployed because pioneer work such as OLSR is vastly insufficient to fully bridge the gap between the Internet and these new networks. This thesis presents work that analyzes this gap and proposes some solutions as to how to bridge it. The focus is put on three domains: a first part presents work in the domain of wireless mesh and ad hoc networks. A second part presents work on sensor networks and in the Internet of Things. And the last part presents work in the domain of delay tolerant networking and vehicular networks.