abstract: Teachers of the deaf and hard of hearing have served Arizona since 1912 when the Arizona School for the Deaf and Blind opened in Tucson, Arizona. Several decades later the Phoenix Day School for the Deaf was established in the Phoenix metropolitan area. To reach deaf and visually impaired students in the rural areas of Arizona, itinerant teachers travel from school to school, providing instruction and consultation with families and school personnel. The purpose of the study was to examine the perceptions and attitudes of itinerant teachers of the deaf and hard of hearing as to job satisfaction. Four research questions addressed the roles and responsibilities of itinerant teachers: extent of teacher participation in professional development activities; the opinions and attitudes of teachers toward their work; and additional comments and concerns. To answer these questions, 43 participants from five cooperatives established by the Arizona State School for the Deaf and Blind responded to a modified version of the 2007-2008 Schools and Staffing Survey regarding itinerant teacher job satisfaction. Two open-ended questions made this survey a mixed methods study of both quantitative and qualitative data. It was found itinerant teachers worked with students with a variety of hearing losses and educational needs; worked with regular classroom teachers and other school personnel; planned, assessed, and kept records; coordinated and conducted consultation and IEP meetings; worked with parents; provided technical support; traveled to different schools to work with students; provided accommodations and modifications; and provided direct instruction to DHH students. As to professional development, participants found language strategies and content of subjects taught to be useful and most attended. Ninety-one percent of the cooperative teachers seemed satisfied as a teacher. They felt support from administration, were satisfied with how the cooperatives were managed, and agreed that they were recognized for their efforts. Some of the concerns from teachers were their salary, the paperwork involved with itinerant teaching, and the limited amount of resources available to them. Overall, the findings of this study provided a baseline of information that suggest more work needs to be done related to job satisfaction of itinerant teachers. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Administration and Supervision 2016

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第18445号 / 理博第4005号 / 新制||理||1577(附属図書館) / 31323 / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)教授 前野 悦輝, 教授 石田 憲二, 教授 田中 耕一郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第18988号 / 工博第4030号 / 新制||工||1620(附属図書館) / 31939 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科材料工学専攻 / (主査)教授 中村 裕之, 教授 安田 秀幸, 教授 吉村 一良 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

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Concern for children’s safety and protection has become a global issue and has evoked considerable debate since the publication of the United Nations’ widely ratified Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) in 1989. A dominant theme within this charter and within the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (1990) is the recognition that children are individuals with rights that need to be respected and protected. More specifically, Article 32 of the UNCRC states that children should be protected from ‘economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child's education, or to be harmful to the child's health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development’. Nigeria has signed and ratified both the UNCRC and the African Charter and has committed itself to ensuring the welfare and protection of its children. This thesis examines children’s work experiences and their interpretations of these against the backdrop of the provisions of the UNCRC and the African charter. The study sets out to explore the meanings of work for itinerant street vending children and young people in Enugu, Nigeria and is based on a combined ethnographic methodology of participant observation and semi-structured interviews with 24 child vendors in marketplaces over a period of six months. It will be argued that contemporary ideas about children’s work are framed by Euro-centric, adult perceptions and definitions of what they think working children are doing, and that the imposition of Western constructions of childhood does not reflect the lived realities of children. Discussions with children revealed, among other things, a contradiction and ambivalence in their understandings of work in relation to vending and an interplay of complex environmental, cultural and poverty factors. In children’s views, taking responsibilities in activities that add positive values to their personal development and to the continued survival of their families was part of their childhood. Whilst street based observations of the markets revealed some fundamental dangers and problems with street vending, especially the reality of physical, social and emotional abuse, these young children have developed robust coping mechanisms and social networks which reflect a blend of definitional adjustments, rationalisation and social bonding and which reveal inadequacies in the enforcement of child protection policies. The tension between these risks and the importance of vending in the lives of the children is discussed. The role and type of work are further examined against dominant cultural values and socio economic realities in Nigeria in an attempt to fully explain the phenomenon of children’s work in this milieu. This study concludes that children’s participation in vending, while at times both ‘hazardous’ and ‘harmful’, is a fact of life and a way of life for children growing up in Nigeria, an integral part of their childhood activity, and a realistic preparation for their future lives and careers. It is argued that this raises important challenges not only to the children’s rights agenda, but also to social welfare agencies which seek to provide support to children and young people in developing countries such as Nigeria.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the current status, demands and problems of Kaohsiung hospital bedside teaching in Kaohsiung, expecting to enhance the content and quality of hospital bedside teaching. The theory and research framework was established through literature review which acted as a basis of research tools for the design. And the survey research method and the qualitative research method are the research methods. Hospital bedside teaching teachers of compulsory education years in Kaohsiung, and students¡¦ parents were the subjects of the survey. Also, students¡¦ parents and bedside teaching teachers were the semi-structured interviewees for qualitative research. Descriptive statistical analysis was proceeded after recovering the formal questionaires, and for the data of interviews we also proceeded the process of data processing to analyze the data collected. According to the results of the analyses, the following conclusions have been reach: Firstly, the problems of hospital bedside teaching in Kaohsiung exists in three dimensions: (a) It is urgent to improve the system; (b) For bedside teaching students back to the school, there are no appropriate management measures for case counseling; (c) The rights of bedside teaching teachers are necessary to be improved. Secondly, it shows the following two aspects for the needs of Kaohsiung hospital bedside teaching: (a) the urgent needs of multi-teaching measures and curriculum for bedside teaching; (b) the services that bedside teaching teachers offer can be further enhanced. Thirdly, it proposed six dilemmas for the aspect of " It is urgent to improve the system planning aspect ": (a) lack of teacher preparation; (b) lack of teaching resources; (c) way of teacher professional education is lack; (d) hospital bedside teaching should be widely publicized; (e) the places in the hospitals to support for bedside teaching are not enough; (f) the controversy for student¡¦s GPA. Fourthly, it proposed three problems for the appropriate management measures for case counseling ": (a) it is lack to pay attention to the students of hospital besdide teaching; (b) to strengthen the assistance and concern for the students back to school and cross-education; (c) the case management system for special education students is not exactly implemented. Fifthly, two problems of the rights of bedside teaching teachers: the traffic allowance for the teachers is not corresponding for the actual needs, and the personal safety and protection of the rights and interests for bedside teaching teachers are ignored. Sixthly, for the services of bedside teaching teachers can further enhance, it proposed three items about "offering a variety of services", " strengthening transition and tracking system" and "arranging the opportunity to interact between the case students and the parents". Keywords¡GSpecial education, Itinerant service, Health Impairment, Education for the Health Impaired, Hospital bedside teaching

Abstract This paper is based on the study of a special education teacher who tutoring a particular child in a kindergarten, evaluating the effects of the case of its social abilities and cognitive abilities learning after a tutoring service. The study object is a heavy degree of retarded child with the age of five years and five months old. This paper is to apply the method of quality case study, starting from the evaluation of the basic ability of the case to involve in a four times of social abilities learning program and tutoring, for one year of period. It is to make an essential record in detail of the social abilities in the process of the cognitive abilities learning and performance, and to re-evaluate the result and its effects of the case situation after the itinerant teaching service. This study found : (A) A good improvement in the social abilities of the case, by means of the tutoring and a four-times social teaching program, especially of the interaction with its peer group , and also with a good progress in the adaptability to the environment, but not showing the eminent result in the interaction with adults. (B) A good improvement in the cognitive abilities learning, with the increasing of the time length in the concentration about the aspects of seeing, listening, and playing, a good progress in the cognition of self-conception, and basic skills of learning in writing, reading. The case has gradually developed a reading habit. As to the numeric conception and memory shows little progress, but not found in the improvement of the logic thinking.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a supplemental vocabulary intervention on the content area vocabulary word and definition knowledge of DHH student in grades K-2, the integrity with which itinerant teachers implemented the supplemental vocabulary intervention, and the effects and benefits of coaching to support treatment integrity. Mixed methods were employed; a single subject multiple baseline across subjects and content design was used to investigate student word and definition knowledge, while quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used to examine the effects of coaching on teachers' treatment integrity. The supplemental vocabulary intervention included explicit and implicit strategies and was designed to fit the context of itinerant teacher services. Various levels of support were employed to coach teachers as they gained familiarity with the intervention and improved their treatment integrity during implementation. Student word and definition knowledge was examined in relation to teacher treatment integrity to determine if teacher implementation had an effect on student outcomes. Results showed a functional relationship between the supplemental vocabulary intervention and student word and definition knowledge. Teachers' treatment integrity was found to have a greater effect on student definition knowledge than word knowledge. Teachers responded positively to the coaching they received, and their implementation improved over the course of the study. Practical and research implications for using supplemental vocabulary instruction with DHH students, as well as the need to provide support to teachers to improve treatment integrity, are discussed.

This interior design practicum explores alternative options for itinerant living in the twenty-first century with concern as to how unoccupied space is used more efficiently through questioning the way an individual identifies, inhabits and transforms unoccupied space into meaningful place. The designed solution emerges through case study research, photographic analysis and supportive space and place related theories as the guerrilla intervention of an adaptable, mobile interior unit. This micro dwelling challenges typical urban lifestyles and demonstrates that for individuals to form genuine connection and dependence on place, place must continuously reflect its occupant. This understanding of place and its subcomponents leads to a greater knowledge of user needs when designing alternative housing options within an increasingly itinerant society. Utilizing mixed methodologies and studying a 1:1 prototype, this practicum reveals an extended understanding of the potential unoccupied urban infrastructure has in providing rich environments to house temporal, versatile places to dwell and call home.

This narrative inquiry explores teacher professional identity and curriculum making (Connelly & Clandinin, 1988) in the experiences of three itinerant band teachers. The narrative experiences of Grace, Cole, and Denise reflect the complexity of teaching in multiple schools and working within a curricular framework that is diverse and multi-faceted. While most classroom teachers work with one group of students in a single school, the travelling nature of itinerancy sets them apart from this standard. Benson (2001) argued that “limited involvement in any one single school site, places her or him in a significantly different position than the regular classroom teacher” (p. 3). Staying in tune with students, parents, and colleagues, while concurrently working in several school settings, can be a challenge for managing relationships, assessment practices, concert obligations, and school events (Roulston, 1998). An itinerant band program is a collection of stories with individual narratives being interwoven into a patchwork of identities, or narratively speaking, as people’s stories to live by (Clandinin & Connelly, 2000). Clandinin, Huber, Huber, Murphy, Murray-Orr, Pearce, and Steeves (2006) explained that curriculum making and identity making, acts that shape the stories to live by of teachers and children, are closely aligned. Students are immersed in musicking (Small, 1998) and curriculum making alongside their teacher. As stories are composed in unison, curriculum making represents "teachers' and students' lives together" (Clandinin & Connelly, 1992). Curriculum, viewed as a course of life (Connelly & Clandinin, 1988), involves the composition of identities and stories to live by. It is wrapped up with assessment making and identity making, with school stories intersecting with personal experience (Huber, Murphy, & Clandinin, 2011). Individual identities dance with the collective identity of the group as curriculum-as-lived (Aoki, 2012) is brought to life in the ensemble experience. Beyond the study of notes, rhythms, and technique, there is a web of interaction that pervades curriculum as it is embodied in the lives of students and teachers. It encompasses routine happenings in a rehearsal space, personal exchanges during recess breaks, recollections of events from past experiences, and future plans for the ensemble. It is coloured by the experience of itinerant teachers who weave parallel storylines across a series of learning landscapes. The complex nature of teaching initiates an ingrained inter-connectedness between personal and professional lives (Hargreaves, Meill, & MacDonald, 2002). Plotlines are blurred, making it difficult to distinguish between the two as they are inextricably linked by experience and emotion (Connelly, Clandinin, & He, 1997). Lack of a single, permanent teaching space calls for deeper exploration into implications for curriculum and teacher identity. Narratively inquiring into stories of itinerant band teachers is one approach that studies the contextual nature of identity. Storytelling represents a mode of knowing (Bruner, 1986). Each story is told from “a particular vantage point in the lived world” (Greene, 1995, p. 74), holding a plurality of experience and interpretation. Stories are closely tied to how teachers conceive themselves in the place of school (Connelly & Clandinin, 1999). Working on the periphery of collegial connections and the school community imparts physical and emotional tolls on professional identity. These factors contribute to an overall perception about the nature of itinerant teaching (Roulston, 1998). The shifting framework of itinerancy compounds the variable nature of teacher identity. Gathering artifacts and conversations about the storied existence of three itinerant band teachers, tensions appear over curriculum hierarchy, loss of instructional time and place, and collegial isolation. These are plotlines that exist within these school "borderlands" (Anzaldua, 1987). Contrapuntal lines of temporality, sociality, and place (Clandinin & Connelly, 2006) intersect with one another, some moving in relative harmony, while others create bumping points that influence perceptions of personal practical knowledge. Itinerant band teachers experience temporary shifts in self as they make sense of the fluid and changing world around them.