Delinquency and criminal penalties of youth The aim of my thesis is to focus on juvenile delinquency and analyze it as a whole especially from the perspective of the causes, evolution, structure and control of delinquency and subsequent penalties for young offenders. The thesis is comprised of five chapters, each divided into sections. Chapter one follows the Introduction and defines basic terms which occur throughout the thesis. Chapter two is divided into two sections specifying basic indexes of youth delinquency. The second section provides a statistical support for these with a description of youth delinquency evolution since the late 20th century until now. The third chapter focuses on the causes of delinquency of youth and is thematically divided into two sections. The first one deals with the internal factors of crime, as opposed to the second section, divided into three subsections in accordance with the external factors - namely family, school and leisure time. The fourth chapter deals with the control of youth crime, and is again divided into two sections. Whilst the first refers to the importance of preventive control, the second section focuses on its equally important counterpart, the repressive component. The fifth chapter is divided into three sections and summarizes the sanctions that are...

In this diploma thesis, the "new" beginnings of Jiří Kolář's poetry are addressed. The main focus lies upon the genesis of his early poetry in the period of his "Křestný list". The "Křestný list" was issued as Kolář's début in September 1941, however, neither its publication nor Kolář's accession into literature were as immediate as they might appear in sources available so far. It took nearly ten years until the young poet's first oeuvre was issued and he had undergone a certain development in the meantime - he had gained more experience and become mature as a poet and person. The first part of the thesis is aimed at portraying this period (i.e. the years of 1937-1941/2) within the process of all events of literary history which could have impacted Kolář, his poetry and the final appearance of his first colletion. In the second part of the thesis, the given events (e.g. the acquaintance with Václav Pekárek, František Halas and Jindřich Chalupecký or the problems with the censorship in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia) are put into the wider context of Kolář's juvenile and hitherto unpublished texts that are now in the possession of Vladimír Karfík and in the inheritance of Jindřich Chalupecký. The interpretation of these is the core of this one and also of the third part of thesis. The integral...

In the diploma thesis ``Early prosaic works of Čapek brothers and the context of pre-war modernism{\crqq} we deal in its first part with the joint prosaic works of the author pair of the Čapek brothers, ie. collections The Garden of Krakonos (transl. Krakonošova zahrada), The Luminious Depths and Other Prose (transl. Zářivé hlubiny a jiné prózy) and Juvenilie. We present comparison of these works and illustrate changes in poetics for each of these short stories. In the course of analysis of the collection The Garden of Krakonos we show its style in inclusion of diverse thoughts, aforisms and short stories which are anecdotically or ephigramatically ratched up with a strong self-reflective accent. With the analysis of the collection The Luminious Depths and Other Prose we point out the aim of the authors to achieve perfect form of novels. The stories are significantly longer and carefully plotted with the central role of an enclosed, complex, and thoughtful events in the past; authors work with the neo-classicistic form here. In the case of the collection Juvenilie we show patterns of this first and by authors themselves not too valued work which was even published post mortem. In their early works it is often obvious that they are only a preparation, a non-satisfying expression of a thought, and a literary concept which calls authors back for future reworkings. In the following part of the diploma thesis we focus on individual prosaic works of Čapek Brother - Josef{\crq}s first work Lelio and Karel{\crq}s first works The Wayside Crosses (transl. Boží muka) and Painful stories (transl. Trapné povídky). We aim to show the change from their previous collaboration to an original and individual form of expression of each of the authors. In the course of analysis of Josef{\crq}s short story Lelio, an example of the ``poetics of loathing{\crqq}, we show the expressivity of description of feelings of a lonely individual, the motives of anxiety, restlessness and sadness, all of which have probably an autobiographical roots. In Karel{\crq}s The Wayside Crosses, most of the stories try to capture only a separate event or even a single state of mind or feeling. The reader is approached with events which are by usual means inexplainable, with the moment when the rational, common life reaches an end and where he finds himself on a cross-section symbolized by the wayside Cross. In the case of Painful stories we analyze a collection of more coherent stories which mark the later style of Karel{\crq}s works. In the conlusion, the diploma thesis deals with the early journalistic activity of both brothers, with their critical artistic acumen. We analyze more deeply their part in organizing the significant collection Almanac 1914 (transl. Almanach na rok 1914) and we aim also for the thematic analysis of poems with which they contributed to the collection. Further, we approach their relationships with other avant-garde artists and authors, and analyze their contribution to the pre-war modernist movement.