This master thesis is focused on cartography generalization of a rivers using collapse and partial collapse method with the usage of straight skeleton data structure. The proposed method was designed for large scale maps in geographical view and for medium scale maps in cartographic view (till 1 : 100 000). The thesis is focusing on width of a river as stand alone criteria for generalization decision. The presented solution represents set of a criteria which decides on generalization of a river. The presented thesis also solves problematic situations that exist on a river such as islands, junctions, shoulders or bifurcation. The thesis also includes proposed generalization algorithm which is using straight skeleton data structure. The algorithm is implemented in C++ programming language in Microsoft Visual Studio IDE. The algorithm uses external libraries Qt and CGAL (Computational Geometry Algorithms Library) for functioning. Algorithm results are saved in ESRI geodatabase with the usage of Python 2.7 programming language and external library ArcPy. Water areas from ZABAGED were chosen as appropriate data for testing. Achieved results of generalization are presented on test data for various scales and they are compared with base maps of Czech Republic. Keywords: digital cartography, cartography...

The Generalization of the Digital Terrain Model Based on the TIN Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the up to now way and the possibilities of the digital terrain model generalization based on the TIN (the triangulate irregular network). New suitable way of the generalization of the digital terrain model procured from laser scanning data is proposed on the base of the existing generalization methods designated for digital models. Laser scanning data is characterized by a high areal density so the basic requirement is computing speed, maintaining the terrain features, such as a ridge, valley, steep hill, saddle, depression … and so on. The proposed algorithm is compared with the results of suggested algorithms and results from the generalization by the geographic software, such as Atlas DMT and ArcGIS.

The aim of this work is to design automatic detection of spot heights from airborne laser scanning data and its generalization. The first part is about the idea of spot height: the importance of spot heights for altimetry representation on maps and suggestions concerning the scatter of spot heights on maps. In the following part, different approaches for terrain critical points extraction (peaks, depressions, passes) from digital terrain models are described as suitable places for spot heights location. Further, we introduce a description of geomorphological characteristics of these points by which is possible to identify its significance and generalize them. In accordance to analysis of Základní mapa ČR and recommendation for spot heights location described in literature we designed own method of automatic generation and generalization spot heights from digital terrain models. This method were implemented and there is a description of the test data and results on the real data DMR 5G of the algorithm in the end of the work. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Simplification of buildings based on typification Abstract The diploma thesis is focused on cartographic generalization. Its main aim was to develop a new method of simplification of buildings based on typification for areas with lower density of buildings (rural or mountain areas). The proposed method was designed for large scale maps (1 : 25 000 and 1 : 50 000). The presented generalization algorithm is based on preferential selection of buildings to be drawn on the map according to their civic importance, area and location towards roads, railways and streams. It respects cartographic rules used for this type of generalization. The algorithm was implemented in the Python programming language using the Shapely and Fiona libraries for a purpose of its proper testing. The ZABAGED and DATA50 data were chosen as suitable test data. Among other things, this thesis also introduces the evaluation method of typification results, which uses Voronoi diagram. Achieved results are presented on maps of fifteen villages with different spatial structure in both targeted scales. Keywords: digital cartography, generalization, typification, building, simplification

The Digitization and Visualisation of Historical Globes Abstract The aim of this thesis is to design and verify in practice (semi)automated way of digi- talisation of historical globes. Problematics of point cloud is secured by program Agisoft PhotoScan. The subsequent image processing (data filtering, interpolation, edge enhancement) are performed by own program in Matlab. The result is a universal methodology digitization Globes applicable in almost all cases. As input are included in photos of globe and the output is a raster or mosaic grid showing the surface of the globe. The result is presented in the form of a virtual model of the globe. The methods are described in detail, including mathematical foundations and are subject to criticism. Key words: historical globes, photogrammetry, map projection, image correlation, Matlab

The aim of this thesis is to propose an algorithm for visualization of spatial digital geographic data, including both thematic and topographic content of a map, using unipolar anamorphosis method with the use of GIS. Three different approaches for transformation of topographic content of a map are discussed. In addition to the algorithm, a methodology of displaying spatial data using this method is presented. The problems associated with the use of geographic unipolar anamorphosis are described, geographic phenomena which can be visualized by this method are determined, and requirements for digital data input are defined. The practical output of this thesis is a toolbox for the ArcGIS software by ESRI which serves to visualize geographic data by unipolar anamorphosis method.

Production of cartographically correct countour lines from airborne laserscanning data in flat terrain Abstract The thesis is dedicated to the creation of contour lines from the data of airborne laserscanning in flat areas. For creation of contour lines in these parts is necessary specific generalization, that smooths unwanted artifacts, but does not delete the shapes, which are characteristic for the relief. The first part of the thesis is to serve as a short insight into the areas on which it is built, this thesis: the principle of airborne laserscanning and basic information on the contour line model. On the basis of technical literature are defined the requirements for the correct representation of the contour and cartographicly presented the different types of the DEM and generalization of contours. The main aim of this work is to design an algorithm that will combine several methods of generalization of contour while maintaining altitude accuracy as well as other requirements on their cartographicly the right terms, and to test this approach in several territories. In conclusion, the results of the methods of work and its implementation critically evaluated and outlined other possible developments of this issue. Keywords hypsography, airborne laserscanning, digital cartography, contour lines,...

Development cartographic means of expression for representing castles on old maps of the Bohemia Abstract This thesis examines the development of cartographic means of expression that are used for the display of castles, palaces, strongholds and ruins on the old maps of Bohemia in the period from the early 16th century to early 18th century. The work evaluates the positional inaccuracies of location of interest sites through cartometric analysis. The first part is theoretical, in which the issues outlined cartographic semiotics and cartographic expression. Next two parts deal with the oldest cartographic references of the Bohemia, or the description of the analyzed maps. Further, the thesis illustrated the method by which the analysis are extracted. The chapter summarizes contains results of findings. Keywords: old maps of Bohemia, signs for castles, cartographic semiotics, cartometric.

Simplification of contour lines in flat areas The diploma thesis is focused on the cartographic generalization of contour lines derived from dense point clouds in flat territories, where the original contour lines tend to oscillate. The main aim is to propose, develop and test a new algorithm for the contour simplification preserving the given vertical error and reflecting the cartographic rules. Three methods designed for large scale maps (1 : 10 000 and larger) are presented: the weighted average, modified Douglas-Peucker and potential-based approach. The most promising method is based on the repeated simplification of contour line segments by calculating the generalization potential of its vertices. The algorithm is implemented in Python 2.7 with the use of Arcpy library was tested on DMR5G data, the simplified contour lines were compared with the result created by a professional cartographer. Achieved results are presented on attached topographic maps. Keywords: contours, cartographic generalization, digital cartography, vertical buffer, smoothing, GIS

Cultural Aspects of Cartographic Creation: Use of Mental Maps in Cross-cultural Research Abstract: Diploma thesis deals with study of interdisciplinary issue of cultural aspects of cartographic creation. The first part of the work consists of theoretical introduction dealing with the map con- tent, map stylistics and map language, in which maps show the greatest cultural differences. The map figures here in a role of the image of reality and visual manifestation of culture. The analogy between a map and a classical language (linguistic anthropology) and the analogy between early maps and primitive cultures' maps are described. Beside the language, as determinants of the human spatial perception and other categories related to the map creation could be mentioned the environment, the experiences and the society, in which man lives. Several examples of so- called cultural map styles, especially from Australia and Oceania, are introduced as well. In the methodical part of the work in connection with cultural-anthropological research a method of cognitive maps, respectively mental maps of map users and map makers is discussed in detail. Just these maps are suitable to explore the cultural particularities of cartographic creation. The application part of the work presents the results of field research of mental...