Criminal aspects of advanced directives and Do Not Resuscitate orders Abstract The aim of this thesis was to analyse current legal regulation of advanced directives and Do Not Resuscitate orders, particularly of their criminal aspects. These legal concepts are relatively new in the Czech law, therefore there are still many questions about them and Czech law unfortunately does not offer definite answers. In the first chapters I focused on general criminal aspects of provision of health services. I analysed conditions of criminal liability in connection with health services, with emphasis on the principle of subsidiarity of criminal prosecution. In this part I also addressed the issue of mercy killing, by another name euthanasia and its differentiation from other types of end-of-life decision making. In the second chapter, I approached the matter of criminal liability of providers of health care services, as legal persons, which became after the last amendments in this area significant also for health care. The following chapters were dedicated to advanced directives. At first, I analysed this legal concept in the matter of civil law, which is essential for its comprehensive interpretation. I tried to identify the main ambiguities of the legal regulation, whether regarding new regulation of substitute...

Cílem diplomové práce bylo analyzovat vybrané problémy v zajištění a poskytnout komplexní pohled na tuto oblast. Diplomová práce je rozdělená na pět kapitol, přičemž se zaměřuji na oblast životní i neživotní. První kapitola je úvodní k celé problematice. Klade důraz na vysvětlení pojmu zajištění, významu a důvodů k jeho využívaní v pojišťovnictví. První kapitolu uzavírám znázorněním fungování trhu zajištění a zhodnocením současného stavu českého a mezinárodního zajistného trhu. Druhá kapitola se věnuje odlišnostem zajištění v životním a neživotní pojištění. Ve třetí kapitole se zaměřuji na proporcionální formy zajištění, protože ty se v životní oblasti aplikují nejčastěji. Jednotlivé formy jsou vysvětleny, znázorněny graficky a celou kapitolu uzavírá souhrnný příklad s využitím úmrtnostních tabulek pro srovnání typů zajištění v životním pojištění. Čtvrtá kapitola se zaměřuje na neproporcionální formy zajištění. Jednotlivé formy jsou vysvětleny a znázorněny na grafech, přičemž součástí je také stručný příklad. Tato kapitola obsahuje také definici a klasifikaci rizik, které na trh pojišťovnictví a zajišťovnictví působí. V praktické části se věnuji analýze dvou souborů dat, které se vztahují k požárnímu pojištění. Soustřeďuji se na působení zákona velkých čísel pro veličiny počtu pojistných nároků, celkové velikosti škodních nároků a aplikaci grafických analýz, při posuzování vhodnosti jednotlivých rozdělení pro další modelování. Závěrečná kapitola je technickou kapitolou, shrnuje nejdůležitější rozdělení a procesy, které se v modelování využívají a další důležité vztahy pro použité ve výpočtech.

Thesis Abstract The aim of this thesis is to compare the production history and reception of Brian Friel's Dancing at Lughnasa, arguably one of his most famous and successful plays, in Irish and Czech contexts. Following its triumphant premiere at the Abbey Theatre in 1990 directed by Patrick Mason, the production transferred to London and Broadway, where it garnered further critical acclaim and several prestigious awards. The first Czech production, directed by Jan Burian, opened at Divadlo na Vinohradech in Prague in 1993, and over the course of the next twenty years it was staged another eight times on Czech professional - mostly regional stages. The opening chapter of the thesis focuses on the analysis of Dancing at Lughnasa using the method of close reading, as well as consulting secondary literature. The following chapter is divided into two parts, the first of them attempting to outline the background of the play by focusing on the events of the 1930s in Ireland. The second part is concerned with the context of writing Dancing at Lughnasa. Chapters four and five comprise the main body of the thesis and deal with the description of the five most significant productions in Ireland and the Czech Republic. These chapters focus on the context, the directors' concept, the acting and the critical acclaim....

The aim of this diploma thesis is a comparative analysis of the image of a forsaken child in the stories written by a popular English writer Neil Gaiman. The survey of a forsaken child in the Gothic, Romantic and Victorian literature (Walpole, Radcliffe, Blake, Dickens, the Brontë sisters) precedes the interpretation. In addition, this diploma thesis considers the separation of the young hero from his family and friends in traditional fairy tales. In this respect, the thesis discusses the role of transitional rituals and their links to the theme of the test in adventurous literature (Gennep, Bachtin). The first, theoretical chapters point out the fact that the transition to a new existence (adulthood) is often accompanied by horror elements or the nearness of death in the adventurous stories. The novel Coraline is a basis for the literary analysis. The psychological characteristic of the main heroine and her family is linked to the function of home and the role of "the other mother" as a source of the Gothic atmosphere and danger. The following chapters analyse other Gaiman's works ("M is for Magic", The Graveyard Book, Odd and the Frost Giants, Fortunately, the Milk, The Ocean at the End of the Zone) in order to study the relations between the reality and dreams, violence and interpersonal relationships, and to describe the heroes' search for the individual identity.

The study is focused on advanced life support (ALS) performed by rescue team physicians in an out-of-hospital setting. The first part of the study analyzes diagnostic possibilities and correctness of assumed aetiology of the sudden cardiac arrest during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the field. It introduces an original method of "Crosscheck Tables" and applies this method to 211 cases of CPR provided by physicians of the Emergency Care Service. The study demonstrates that significantly misleading conclusions can result from a global analysis of a set of cases. It stresses importance of diagnostic analyses applied to individual cases. The second part of the study concentrates on changes in PETCO2 level as related to the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC - Return of Spontaneous Circulation) as opposed to the circulation fully dependent on chest compressions. The study demonstrates that in constantly ventilated patients undergoing CPR in an out-of-hospital setting, PETCO2 is significantly higher (about 10 mmHg) after ROSC than before ROSC. It demonstrates that a sudden increase in PETCO2 exceeding 10 mmHg is likely to indicate the moment of ROSC. The study also support a view that steadily low levels of PETCO2 values (<10 mmHg) indicate a low chance for a successful resuscitation outcome. Key...

In the present study, the long-run evolution of income inequality in several European countries and the US has been presented and the Kuznets' hypothesis empirically assessed. According to Kuznets (1955), the evolution of income inequality along the development process can be pictured as an inverted U-shaped curve. In other words, inequality firstly increases and subsequently decreases as the economy develops. What follows the empirical part is a brief summary of explanations for the reversal observed since the 1970s and 1980s, which have been presented in the literature. In addition, several European socio-economic models are described to demonstrate that there is no simple trade-off between inequality and unemployment as hypothesized by Krugman (1995).

The goal of this master thesis is a to establish basic characteristics of events produced by non-profit organizations in cooperation with profit organizations, to assess their management, production and funding problems and to provide solutions to these problems. This will be achieved through detailed analysis of the "Koncert proti konci světa" concert. Another goal is to assess, if the model of cooperation of non-profit and profit sector can generally work. The analysis of the event is carried out with access to internal information sources of the subjects and with guided interviews with the key people of the project. Another part of the thesis is a theoretical definition of non-profit organizations with focus on their classification, marketing and funding.

The study is focused on advanced life support (ALS) performed by rescue team physicians in an out-of-hospital setting. The first part of the study analyzes diagnostic possibilities and correctness of assumed aetiology of the sudden cardiac arrest during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the field. It introduces an original method of "Crosscheck Tables" and applies this method to 211 cases of CPR provided by physicians of the Emergency Care Service. The study demonstrates that significantly misleading conclusions can result from a global analysis of a set of cases. It stresses importance of diagnostic analyses applied to individual cases. The second part of the study concentrates on changes in PETCO2 level as related to the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC - Return of Spontaneous Circulation) as opposed to the circulation fully dependent on chest compressions. The study demonstrates that in constantly ventilated patients undergoing CPR in an out-of-hospital setting, PETCO2 is significantly higher (about 10 mmHg) after ROSC than before ROSC. It demonstrates that a sudden increase in PETCO2 exceeding 10 mmHg is likely to indicate the moment of ROSC. The study also support a view that steadily low levels of PETCO2 values (<10 mmHg) indicate a low chance for a successful resuscitation outcome. Key...