The theme of this work is an Allied Arctic convoy PQ 16 and its connection to history within the military, but political and military history of everyday life. For this voyage and its associated naval battle took place at the end of May 1942. In the seven chapters deals with both sailing alone group PQ 16, as well as the Allied naval strategy and tactics applied on the Arctic battlefield of World War II. In the context of interpreting the meaning convoys in terms of material assistance to the Soviet Union, the text includes a broader discussion of research on this issue globally, especially in connection with the frequent ideological load previous research on both sides of the warring blocks. Work is mainly based on unpublished archival sources from the UK, while also dealing with the possibilities of their analysis and interpretation in the context of research nautical history of the Second World War. The conclusion concerning the appraisal výzamu convoy PQ 16 as a major naval victory of the Allies. KEYWORDS World War II, naval war, allied arctic convoys, naval strategy