The thesis is focused on pedagogical problem children from primary schools, which are in the care of tutelage. The theoretical part explains who are educationally troubled children and what measures can be taken elementary school. Here are inappropriate family environment, special attention is paid to the developmental specificities of these children. The theoretical part of the work is concluded with a chapter on social tutelage, which explains in detail the activities of the social worker for children and youth in the social and legal protection of children. The empirical part of the thesis is composed of a qualitative research focused on these children. Using case studies shows the specific process of tutelage in solving the problem educate primary school children.