This graduation thesis deals with analysis of linear description and rating on outward appearance of dairy Holstein cattle and their influence to parameters on dairy use. It contains origin and form of cattle domestication, importance of the breeding, detailed description of Holstein breed, the milk utility which the dairy cows produce, the rating on Holstein cattle outward appearance. For this purpose was performed appraisal of 316 968 dairy cows for first lactation. Within parameters of dairy utility were included milk yield (kg milk); lactation order (n); amount of fat (% or kg); amount of protein (% or kg). Furthermore it mentiones the evaluation of the linear description of dairy cows at first, second and third lactacion. It can be stated that a very prominent effect on dairy yields was found in the characters: body frame, chest width, body depth, angularity, rump angle, condition, rear posture position, foot angle, walking, bones quality, fore udder attachment, front teat placement, back teat placement (p <0.01). The effect on dairy yields had the following features: rear leg set from the side, teat length, suspensory ligament (p <0.05).

The Diploma thesis was dealing with the evaluation of the factors affecting the milk production and the price of milk in the chosen companies. The data was obtained online from the results of performance monitoring and results of encashment milk. The price data was obtained from company´s basic records. The dairy cows were divided according to lactations 1. to 4., where the parameters of milk production, content of fat and protein were evaluated. Furthermore, the average monthly milk price in both companies was monitored over three years. Finally, both companies were evaluated basing on their economic situation. Analyses were running in programs Microsoft Excel and Statistica12. All dairy cows of both companies met the breeding plan of their breeds. The lowest milk production was measured from dairy cows at first lactation. The highest milk production had dairy cows on the third to fourth lactation. When comparing the breeds, the Holstein breed was superior in milk production, but with lower content of milk components (fat, protein) comparing to the Czech fleckvieh breed. High-yielding cows of the Holstein breed were more susceptible to the temperature of the environment. The decline in milk production was coming with the arrival of autumn and summer months. The content of milk components was higher in the cold months due to a negative correlation with the milk production. Content of milk components was also likely to be affected by the heat stress and changes in nutrition.

The aim of the diploma thesis was to cover the changes in body composition by bioimpedance spectroscopy in Czech breastfeeding women during three periods - 3 weeks postpartum, 3 months and 6 months postpartum. Eight healthy breastfeeding women were involved in the study. At each examination there were measured anthropometric parameters and bioimpedance spectroscopy parameters by the Body Composition Monitor. Breast milk was also extracted during the study. We observed a gradual decrease in body weight of monitored women. The median weight loss between the first and third examination was 2,2 kg, the median weight in 6 months postpartum was 1,3 kg higher than the median of prepregnancy body weight, two of the women had lower weight 6 months postpartum than before the pregnancy, the body weight of other six women was higher in a scale between 0,1 kg to 3,1 kg. There were not proven statistically significant differences in body composition during lactation. A trend of decrease of TBW was observed during all lactation periods. A trend of slight increase of ICW was observed between the 3rd week and 3rd month postpartum, and then the decrease of ICW in the 6th month postpartum. An increase of LTM and BCM was measured between the 3rd week and 3rd month postpartum, those values have shown a decrease again...

The aim of this diploma thesis was the analysis of organic farm AgroFyto spol. s.r.o., which deals with dairy cattle breeding and suckler cattle. In an analysis of selected indicators were evaluated for milk production, selected parameters of reproduction and meat production. The results of the system of classification of carcasses of SEUROP cattle were evaluated within the meat yield. The animals were monitored for the period 2014-2017. Values related to dairy yields and dairy reproduction were obtained from performance monitoring for 2015 and 2016. The individual years were divided into four seasons after three months. In this work was evaluated the effect meantime, the time of calving, lactation, breed and season on the amount of milk in the period, as well as the impact on the amount of milk fat and protein content of milk for the year 2015 to 2016. The analysis revealed a difference in the evidence of the effects on milk in the monitored period. Regarding the influence of milk volume on fat and protein content in milk, this effect has been demonstrated only in one of four seasons. In the analysis, the effect of the season on the amount of milk was not statistically proven. Compared to organic farm BEMAGRO a.s and foreign ecofarm, it was found that cattle on dairy farm AgroFyto spol. s.r.o. Better results in the quantity of milk in question over the reference period. Dairy Farmer FARMA ZPZ s.r.o. But they have a better milking. AgroFyto spol. s.r.o. Has a dairy with the lowest protein content in milk and the highest fat content compared to two organic farms. Compared to the overall results of the KU in the Czech Republic, AgroFyto spol. s.r.o. Lower milk yield, but higher fat in milk.

The diploma thesis "Selected factors on milk utility of Czech Fleckvieh dairy cows" deals with certains effects on selected cattle herd, which are detected from milk utility control. The author compares dairy cows within first and third lactations in all cases. Overview of used literature is selected into specific chapters, in first part the Czech Fleckvieh is defined with its history, characteristics, related breeds and breed utility. Another comprehensive chapter is devoted to milk utility, lactation and selected factors on animal utility. Last part of literature overview is devoted to reproduction and reproductive indicators. Second main part, which is called material and methodology, author deals with cattle herd in Jasanka s.r.o. company, judging and assessing selected factors with help of milk utility control results. Collective results are assessed through statistics.

The aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the influence of live weight in the course in rearing heifers on milk yield Fleckvieh in economically squad Určice. 420 cows of Czech Fleckvieh breed in period of 5 years (2011-2016) were evaluated. Body weight of heifers was determined by bridging the transition from individual business records to the age of 3, 6, 12 and 15 month. The influence of bodyweight heifers during rearing on the usability and functional length were evaluated, as well as the effect of the age at first calving on milk yield and functional longevity. Last but not least were determined the most common causes of retirement of cattle from the herd. No significant effects of rearing of heifers on dairy milk yield or the longevity of cows were detected.

Diploma work was concentrated on the evaluation of two metabolic profiles on the milch cows of Holstein breed on the basic of compilated nutritive rations for individual phases of lactation. The metabolic tests were evaluated in the milch cows in the period of making cow milk, the top of lactation and the second phase of lactation. The balance of nutriments was counted out in the nutritive rations. The haemotological and biochemical parameters, macromineral and urinary profiles were evaluated in the metabolic profiles. The work in the both metabolic profiles evidenced the reduced number of erythrocytes which can be connected with the occurence of anaemia. In the period of the top of lactation it is possible to speculate about an energetical deficit with regard to the low content of triacylglycerols. In the profile tests the presence of ketone bodies substances in urine was found out in the period of making cow milk. This finding connects with the negative energetic balance that occurrs in the course of the first two months after calving. Within of mineral profile an attention should be paid to especially the content of calcium, which was reduced in the both profiles. In comparison with the profiles perfomed in 2011 we find out that reached modifications of the nutrive ration and the increase in the content of main nutriments, which shoved in the milch cows by improvement of metabolic effects. Neverthless in breeding of the milch cows the increased emphasis should be put on the period of making cow milk and the recommendation for prevention from anaemia or other disorders is carrying out of the selective metabolic test.

The aim of the thesis was to evaluation of the selected indicators for ewes breed la-caune in grazing rearing. On the basis of donations of milk at regular intervals and the subsequent analysis of the milk was carried out the evaluation of the individual indica-tors. Sheep's milk came from pure-bred ewes breed lacaune (LC). The ewes from which it was collected, milk, have been on the 2. lactation and an only child. The sheep, a breed of lacaune (LC) are kept at the farm top of the Areola. This farm currently has the largest number of pieces of pure-bred sheep breed lacaune in Czech Republic. Carried out with a total of 5 subscriptions from late April to early September in the intervals of 62. day, 90. day, 125. day, 153. day and 195. day of lactation. First was the evaluation of milk yield and the measurement of daily milk yield was carried out by means of mechanical milk rates. Immediately after collection the milk cooled, and transported to the analyses of individual components into specialized labo-ratories. In the stage of lactation in 2015, the average milk yield 1,68 l. Milk from these ewes contained an average of 18,00 % dry matter, fat 7,43 %, 5,16 % protein and lactose 4,67 %. It was furthen evaluated physical and chemical composition of milk, into which encompass the titratable acidy, pH. The average value was at pH 6,59 and the titratable acidy 9,96 SH. And the technological properties of the average length of rennet clotting time 113,2 seconds and rennet curd quality 1,60, holding shape.

The objective is to determine the composition of mare´s milk at different stages of lactation and changes in its content that occurs during lactation. Variability of constituents in the milk contents between mares and possible link in the content of individual components of milk was also examined. Average values of contents were found during the five months of lactation: Fat 1.5%, protein 1.62%, lactose 6.55% and dry matter 9.78%. It was found that during lactation fat content decreases from 1.7% to 1.3% and protein content decreases from 1.75% to 1.48%. Lactose and dry matter content is unchanged. A higher coefficient of variation was found in fat and protein (between 16 -17%), lower in lactose and dry matter content (5-6%). Relation was found between protein and fat. On the contrary, no evidence of correlation between protein and lactose content, nor between the fat and lactose content was found.

The thesis deals with the assessment of proportion of fatty acids in milk fat on goat farm and watching the selected proportion of major fatty acids in the selected factors. Sampling took place between 2010 and 2011, were made three taking of milk in a different stage of lactation. Evaluation of fatty acids was carried out both within groups and for major acid alone. The thesis was also included evaluation of quality indicators and yield of goat milk.