- About
-
The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is
provided by the
Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
Search results
Showing 101 to 110 of 110 (0.043 seconds)| 101 |
A valência do predicador CHAMAR na diacronia do português / The valency of CHAMAR in history of portugueseMenezes da Silva, Gilcélia de 17 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Maria Clara Paixão de Sousa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T08:13:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
MenezesdaSilva_Gilceliade_M.pdf: 1847278 bytes, checksum: 6b191641e44f5685bf5ada8d6aa15e39 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Nos estágios atuais da língua, as gramáticas brasileiras e portuguesas descrevem o CHAMAR como o único verbo do Português a ter um Predicativo do Objeto Indireto. O problema inicial desta pesquisa surgiu a partir dessa singularidade atribuída ao verbo CHAMAR quando predicador de construções denominativas, e se constitui em compreender quais foram os fatores que levaram o CHAMAR a ter, ao longo do tempo, esse comportamento diferenciado de todos os outros verbos da língua. Assim, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever gramaticalmente o predicador CHAMAR quando este significa "qualificar"; "atribuir um nome, denominar"; "autodenominar-se" e "possuir um nome", tendo como base as narrativas portuguesas escritas nos séculos 14, 15 e 16. As construções com CHAMAR aqui descritas foram denominadas de construções de semântica denominativa e apresentam as seguintes estruturas básicas: [X V (a) Y (de) Z] em construções transitivo-ativas e [Y V-se Z]; [Y V Z] e [V Z] em construções não-transitivas (estativas/passivas), onde X= "Agente" (aquele que "executa a ação" expressa pelo verbo); Y= "Designando", (aquele que recebe a denominação dada); e Z= "Designação" (a denominação propriamente dita). A partir dos questionamentos iniciais levantados, partiu-se para um estudo sobre a valência do CHAMAR quando principal predicador de construções denominativas procurando identificar os padrões de ocorrência dessas construções nos textos. Nos séculos 14 e 15 o CHAMAR convivia com outros predicadores denominativos e estes foram substituídos na diacronia, transformando o CHAMAR no principal predicador de construções denominativas. O CHAMAR denominativo pode ser "qualificativo", i.e., quando atribui uma qualidade; ou "denominativo" propriamente dito, ou seja, quando atribui um nome. As estruturas com CHAMAR "qualificativo" apresentam a Designação (Z) como um adjetivo predicativo e, portanto selecionam como argumento uma Small Clause ("e porém lhe chama a estória filho de perdição" - CGE). Já as estruturas com CHAMAR "denominativo" apresentam a Designação (Z) como um nome próprio ("e por isso lhe chamaram Dom Sancho, o Desejado" - CGE) e, portanto não selecionam uma Small Clause como argumento. Neste tipo de construções o CHAMAR se caracteriza como um verbo de atribuição, tal como DAR, OFERECER, apresentando valência três [Agente] [V] [Designando] [Designação]. As construções transitivo-ativas apresentam como principal padrão de expressão argumental aquele em que o argumento que mais aparece nulo e o Agente (X), e o Designando Y (Objeto) ocupa a posição a esquerda de proeminência discursiva (Y V __ Z), acompanhando dessa forma as principais características da frase na Gramática do Português Médio, defendidas por Paixão de Sousa (2008). A partir desse padrão dos verbos no PM propõe-se que as construções estativas do tipo [Y V Z] ("Ela chama Maria") atestadas atualmente no PB são derivadas das construções ativas do tipo [Y V __ Z] do PM, com o sujeito Agente nulo e o "constituinte discursivamente importante" ocupando a posição imediata a esquerda do verbo, alterando assim a Valencia de CHAMAR de três para dois / Abstract: Current grammar books of both Brazilian and European varieties of Portuguese describe CHAMAR ('call') as the only Portuguese verb having a predicate nominative of an indirect object. The initial problem of this research is to understand which factors have driven CHAMAR to have a differentiated behavior with respect to other verbs of the language because of its singularity as a predicator of denominative constructions. Therefore, the present work aims at grammatically describing predicator CHAMAR when it means "to qualify", "to assign a name, to denominate", "to self-denominate" and "to have a name", based on Portuguese narratives written in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. The constructions with CHAMAR described here were called 'constructions with denominative semantics' and display the following basic structures: [X V (a) Y (de) Z] in active-transitive constructions and [Y V-se Z]; [Y V Z] and [V Z] in non-transitive constructions (stative/passive). Where X= "Agent" (the participant that "executes the action" expressed by the verb), Y= "Designee" (the participant that receives the given denomination) and Z= "Designation" (the actual denomination). After presenting the initial research questions, the text displays the results of a study about the valency of CHAMAR as the main predicator in denominative constructions and tries to identify the distribution patterns of these constructions in the texts. In the 14th and 15th centuries CHAMAR existed along with other denominative predicators, but these ones were substituted in diachrony; as a result, CHAMAR has become the main predicator of denominative constructions. Denominative CHAMAR can be "qualificative", i.e. when it assigns a quality; or properly "denominative", it means, when it assigns a name. The structures with "qualificative" CHAMAR present the Designation (Z) as a predicate adjective and therefore they select a Small Clause as an argument: e porém lhe chama a estória filho de perdição (CGE) ('and however the story calls him the son of perdition'). On the other hand the structures with "denominative" CHAMAR display the designation (Z) as a given name: e por isso lhe chamaram Dom Sancho, o Desejado (CGE) ('and because of that they called him Dom Sancho, the Desired One') and, therefore, they do not select a Small Clause as an argument. In this type of constructions CHAMAR is characterized as a verb of giving, such as DAR ('give') and OFERECER ('offer'), showing valency = 3: [Agent] [V] [Designee] [Designation]. Active-transitive constructions present the following main pattern of argument expression: the Agent (X) is more frequently null, and the Designee Y (Object) occupies a position of discursive prominence to the left (Y V __ Z). In this sense, it follows the main characteristics of the sentence in Middle Portuguese (MP) Grammar, as argued by Paixao de Sousa (2008). From such a pattern in MP we propose that stative constructions of the type [Y V Z] instantiated in Ela chama
Maria ('she is called Mary') in nowadays Brazilian Portuguese are derived from active constructions of the type [Y V __ Z] in MP, with the Agent subject null and the "discursively most important constituent" occupying the immediate position to the left of the verb. In this way the valency of CHAMAR was changed from 3 to 2 / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística
|
| 102 |
A ênclise em orações dependentes na história do Português Europeu (Séc. 16 a 19) / The Enclisis on subordinate clauses in the history of European PortugueseLopes, Ana Luiza Araújo 16 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Charlotte Marie Chambelland Galves / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T02:52:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Lopes_AnaLuizaAraujo_M.pdf: 520095 bytes, checksum: dbb4f565b8b57a9bfbeb809370397a20 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A dissertação investiga a ênclise em orações dependentes na história do PE - entre os séculos 16 e 19. A colocação pronominal é um dos assuntos mais estudados da língua portuguesa, mas sempre priorizando as orações principais finitas onde há grande variação na colocação dos clíticos, com a mudança gramatical ocorrida no século 18 (Galves, Brito e Paixão de Sousa 2005, Galves, Namiuti e Paixão de Sousa2005; Paixão de Sousa, 2004). As orações dependentes sempre foram consideradas como contexto de próclise categórica. No entanto, nos dados extraídos do Corpus Histórico Tycho Brahe, apesar da predominância proclítica, foram atestados dados de ênclise em dependentes. A ênclise ocorre em orações dependentes nas gramáticas do Português - Clássico e Europeu moderno- sempre que há pelo menos um constituinte entre o complementador e o verbo. A ênclise ocorre em todo o período - Português Clássico ao Português Europeu moderno - em vários tipos de oração: relativas, completivas, dependentes iniciadas em porque. Mostro ainda que há uma estabilidade ao longo do tempo na colocação de clíticos em orações dependentes, ao contrário do que acontece nas orações principais A pergunta a ser respondida foi: como estas duas gramáticas geram a ênclise nas dependentes? Analiso o fenômeno com base no CP expandido de Rizzi (1997), e ainda retomando a proposta de Galves e Sandalo 2009 para a colocação de clíticos no PCl e no PE / Abstract: The aim of this work is to investigate the enclisis on subordinate clauses in the history of the European Portuguese. The clitic placement is one of the most popular subjects about the Portuguese language, but these researches always focus on the main clauses, there is a large variation on the clitics placement, after the language change around 18 century (Galves, Brito e Paixão de Sousa 2005; Paixão de Sousa 2004). The subordinate clauses were always considered as categorical proclisis context. Nevertheless, despite the high rates of proclisis on subordinates clauses, there are enclisis data from Tyhco Brahe Parsed Corpus of historical Porutuguese. The enclisis is only possible on subordinate clauses in Classical Portuguese and European Portuguese, when there is at least on constituent between the complement and the verb. The enclisis occurs in all type of subordinate clauses: relatives, completives, dependent clauses beginning with porque (because), during all the period - from Classical Portuguese to European Portuguese, and there are a stability during time. The aim of this work was to answer the question: How these two grammar produce the enclisis on subordinates? The phenomena was analyzed based on expanded CP proposed by Rizzi (1997), and the proposal from Galves and Sandalo (2009) for clitic placement on Classical Portuguese and European Portuguese / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística
|
| 103 |
Changing Northern Ireland – Reflections in Language Usage and Change: Interdisciplinary Approach on the Correlation of Language Variables with Ethnicity, Gender and Sexual Identity in Northern IrelandRusch, Michaela 04 July 2017 (has links)
With respect to its troubled past Northern Ireland has constantly been a field of interest, academic research and discourse. Certain periods in this past, like for example the “Troubles” (a time of violent struggle that began in 1969/70), sooner or later tend to create a particular approach towards language usage. As research has already been carried out on the “Troubles” and its language usage the question now remains in how far the application of lexical items would be changing through the impact of the so called peace process. Examining the language use surrounding this process a wide range of phenomena in the field of politics and social affairs but also in society could be analysed and discussed, assuming that change for some reason developed here.
Investigating such circumstances further this empirical interdisciplinary study in the shape of a corpus analysis addresses the presumed language change in Northern Ireland by employing news texts (Belfast Telegraph, BBC Northern Ireland and An Phoblacht) of the period from 1995 to 2009 (i.e. before and after the Good Friday Agreement a negotiated settlement between Catholics and Protestants in 1998) for the analysis to attempt to establish a link between changing semantic and lexical units, and to some extend to even find a relation to alleged gradual social change. The evaluation is based on a qualitative and quantitative analysis of thematically pre-selected keywords in the areas of politics, social affairs, and society.
Generally it could therefore be concluded that change – though marginal in numbers – appears perceivable. Despite a detailed examination and evaluation (qualitative and quantitative) it needs to be pointed out, however, that the findings of correlating social and linguistic variables could in the end only imply a kind of relation – contrary to the expectations in the beginning. Perhaps, in some cases, gradual change could be illustrated like for example with the name change of the police (RUC to PSNI) or changed social terminology. Nevertheless this study created an important contribution of research on post-“Troubles” Northern Ireland as it brings this statelet back into focus on the one hand and in addition prompts questions on the challenges of future language usage in societies that experienced violent conflict on the other.
Corpus and Appendix on CD-Rom for printed copy available at University Library Chemnitz and German National Library
|
| 104 |
Lexikalischer und semantischer Wandel im ÄgyptischenBock, Sara 29 May 2015 (has links)
Jede lebendige Sprache ist durch ihren Gebrauch ständigem Wandel unterworfen, der jede Ebene der Sprache betreffen kann – von der Phonologie über die Semantik bis hin zur Grammatik. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat es sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, den semantischen und lexikalischen Wandel des Ägyptischen zu beleuchten. Das Ägyptische ist in seinen verschiedenen Sprachstufen über mehr als vier Jahrtausende hinweg zu verfolgen, und gehört damit zu den am längsten bezeugten Einzelsprachen der Menschheitsgeschichte. Dies und die gute Quellenlage des Ägyptischen machen es zu einem prädestinierten Gegenstand für diachrone Untersuchungen. Nach einer quantitativen Erhebung der Lexeme eines ausgewählten Textkorpus’, der die Grundlage der Arbeit liefert, wurden im zweiten Teil der Dissertation vier Wortfelder exemplarisch auf ihr Wandelverhalten hin untersucht. Diese Wortfelder, Verwandtschafts- und Körperteilbezeichnungen sowie Wahrnehmungsverben und kognitive Verben, gehören zum Grundvokabular einer jeden Sprache, was die Vergleichbarkeit der Ergebnisse garantieren soll. Neben der Beschreibung konkreter Wandelphänomene wurde dabei Fragen nach dem Ablauf, dem Umfang und den Typen von semantischem und lexikalischem Wandel im Ägyptischen nachgegangen. Ziel war es unter anderem, generalisierbare Aussagen zu treffen, die für die allgemeinen Fragestellungen der Sprachwandelforschung, der Diachronen Semantik und der Historischen Linguistik von Relevanz sind, indem sie mit Ergebnissen früherer Untersuchungen zu den verschiedensten Sprachen verglichen bzw. zu ihrer Überprüfung herangezogen werden können. Als Ergebnis der Untersuchung konnten neben der Beschreibung interessanter Einzelbeobachtungen schließlich einige Regularitäten des semantischen und lexikalischen Wandels des Ägyptischen aufgestellt werden. Diese wurden zum Teil bereits durch andere Sprachen bestätigt und können nach weiterer Überprüfung möglicherweise als universale Tendenzen des semantischen Wandels formuliert werden. / Every spoken language is subject to constant change due to its use. This change can affect every level of the language, from phonology to semantics to grammar. The present dissertation is set out to illuminate the semantic and lexical change of the Egyptian language, which can be followed over four thousand years and is therefore one of the longest attested languages of mankind. This and its excellent state of sources make it the ideal subject of a diachronic study. After a quantitative analysis of the lexemes of a carefully chosen set of texts, which provides the foundation of the study, the main part of the dissertation examines four semantic fields with regard to its mode of change. These semantic fields, kinship terms and terms for body parts as well as verbs for cognition and perception, are part of the basic vocabulary of every language, which guarantees the comparability of the results. In addition to the description of individual processes of change, the paper pursues questions of the course, the range, and the types of semantic and lexical change of the Egyptian language. The intention was to form general statements which are of relevance to questions of the study of language change, the Diachronic Semantics as well as the Historical Linguistics, by serving as comparison as well as verification to studies of other languages. As a result of the present paper, some general regularities of the semantic and lexical change of the Egyptian language were established, in addition to the observation of some interesting individual processes of language change. These regularities were already partially confirmed by observations made in other languages and could, after further examination, turn out to be universal tendencies of semantic change.
|
| 105 |
The linguistic impact of the symbiotic relationship between amaNdebele and amaXhosa on the isiXhosa language and the amaXhosa culture in the Mbembesi area of ZimbabweSibanda, Ethelia 11 1900 (has links)
The study sought to investigate how the symbiotic relationship between amaXhosa and amaNdebele impacted on IsiXhosa language and amaXhosa culture in Mbembesi area in Zimbabwe. The study was conducted where two ethnic groups of amaXhosa and amaNdebele coexist. Language policies in the past have disadvantaged amaXhosa by treating the language as a minority language which led to its marginalisation at school and in public life. Dynamic Social Impact Theory was used to explain the concept of the evolution of language. Language contact, language change, and bilingualism are the main terms that were discussed in relation to what happened to the two languages of study. The case study was descriptive in nature. The participants were purposefully selected according to what the researcher desired to achieve. The data were collected through interviews with heads of schools in Mbembesi, teachers, elders and youths of the community. Document analysis was also employed when the Indigenous Languages syllabus and teachers’ schemes were observed. The pupils were given a topic on which to write a short composition in IsiXhosa and IsiNdebele to ascertain if indeed IsiNdebele had impacted on IsiXhosa. A comparison between IsiXhosa of Mbembesi and that of South Africa was made as a way of verifying if there has been a change from the original IsiXhosa that is spoken in South Africa. The two ethnic groups’ cultural activities were also studied as a way of investigating the level of impact in their way of life. After administering the research instruments, the findings revealed that there is a level of impact on IsiXhosa language and amaXhosa culture through their contact with amaNdebele. The terminology in the two languages has overlapped as well as their cultural lives. The Zimbabwean 2013 Constitution has tried to raise the status of IsiXhosa by making it officially recognised but it seems to be still functioning at community level as before. IsiXhosa is still not learned at school although it was introduced in 2013 in the two pilot schools but which discontinued in 2016 reverting to IsiNdebele citing lack of teaching and learning materials. The recommendations from the study include: that the teachers should be trained in IsiXhosa at institutions of higher learning; that amaXhosa educated personnel should spear-head the writing of teaching and learning materials and that the language should be used in public life so that its speakers maintain their identity. / Linguistics and Modern Languages / Ph. D. (Languages, Linguistics and Literature)
|
| 106 |
“Zviedrija ne ēd pīrāgi”: A case study of heritage Latvian in Sweden : Heritage language exposure and language change in preadolescent heritage speakersRirdance, Signe January 2023 (has links)
Heritage languages are increasingly seen as a source of important insight in linguistics. Latvian has a long and under-researched history as a heritage language, with a heterogenous community of heritage speakers from two waves of migration in many countries including Sweden. A qualitative case study of a small written corpus identifies and analyses the key divergences in heritage Latvian in texts by nine preadolescent children that attend the complementary Latvian community school in Stockholm. Self-reported background information on language practices by study participants and their parents is used to estimate and compare their heritage language exposure level. This composite measure helps to evaluate the vulnerability of various areas of grammar to reduced language input. The observed language changes are analysed in the context of a recent study on Latvian language change in second-generation post-war immigrants to Sweden, earlier findings of contact-induced change in heritage Latvian in the USA as well as common features identified in other heritage languages. Changes attested in texts by several study participants and in previous studies are likely to point to common features of heritage Latvian. Recognition of their language as a heritage variety of Latvian can facilitate language maintenance efforts in the language community. / Arvsspråken ses alltmer som en källa till viktiga insikter inom språkvetenskap. Lettiskan har en lång och underutforskad historia som arvsspråk, med en heterogen gemenskap av kulturarvstalare från två migrationsvågor i många länder, inklusive Sverige. En kvalitativ fallstudie av en liten skriftlig korpus identifierar och analyserar de viktigaste avvikelserna i lettiska som arvsspråk i texter av nio barn i förpubertal ålder vilka alla går i den lettiska lördagsskolan i Stockholm. Självrapporterad bakgrundsinformation om språkbruk av studiedeltagarna och deras föräldrar används för att uppskatta och jämföra deras kontaktnivå med arvsspråket. Denna sammansatta indikator används för att utvärdera hur stor påverkan den minskade kontakten med språket har på olika grammatiska funktioner. De observerade språkförändringarna analyseras mot bakgrund av en nyligen genomförd studie om språkförändringar i lettiskan hos andra generationens efterkrigsinvandrare i Sverige, med en tidigare studie i USA om kontaktinducerade arvsspråksförändringar samt med gemensamma drag som identifierats i andra arvsspråk. Förändringar som observerats i flera av studiedeltagarnas texter och i tidigare studier pekar sannolikt på gemensamma drag i det lettiska arvsspråket. Om arvsspråket erkänns som en variant av lettiskan skulle det underlätta möjligheterna att underhålla språket i diasporans gemenskaper. / Etniskā mantojuma valodām lingvistikā tiek pievērsta arvien lielāka uzmanība. Latviešu valodai kā mantojuma valodai ir gara un maz pētīta vēsture. Saistībā ar vairākiem migrācijas viļņiem latviešu valoda ir mantojuma valoda daudzās pasaules valstīs, tai skaitā arī Zviedrijā. Šis pētījums veikts ar kvalitatīvu gadījuma analīzes metodi, izmantojot maza apjoma rakstveida teksta korpusu. Deviņu Stokholmas latviešu papildskolas audzēkņu rakstu darbos konstatētas un tālāk analizētas tipiskākās izmaiņas mantojuma latviešu valodā. Pētījuma dalībnieku un to vecāku sniegtās ziņas par valodu lietojumu izmantotas, lai novērtētu un salīdzinātu katra dalībnieka mantojuma valodas saskarsmes līmeni. Šis saliktais rādītājs palīdz novērtēt, cik lielu ietekmi uz dažādiem latviešu gramatikas moduļiem atstāj samazināta saskarsme ar latviešu valodu. Novērotās valodas izmaiņas tiek salīdzinātas ar rezultātiem nesenā pētījumā, kas analizē latviešu valodas izmaiņas otrās paaudzes pēckara imigrācijā Zviedrijā, kā arī ar senāku ASV latviešu valodas pētījumu un vispārējām etniskā mantojuma valodai raksturīgām pazīmēm. Izmaiņas, kas novērotas vairāku pētījuma dalībnieku darbos un iepriekšējos pētījumos, iespējams, norāda uz kopīgām iezīmēm, kas raksturīgas latviešu valodai kā mantojuma valodai. Izpratne par etniskā mantojuma valodu kā vienu no latviešu valodas paveidiem var palīdzēt uzturēt latviešu valodu diasporas valodas kopienās.
|
| 107 |
数理的アプローチからの言語変化と外言語的要素との関わりに関する研究 / スウリテキ アプローチ カラノ ゲンゴ ヘンカ ト ガイゲンゴテキ ヨウソ トノ カカワリ ニカンスル ケンキュウ小野原 彩香, Ayaka Onohara 22 March 2014 (has links)
言語変化の原因については、比較言語学や言語地理学双方の立場から、様々な議論がなされてきたが、この問題に対し、変化の原因と変化の結果という関係を多変量的に捉えて知見を得る方法は、十分な議論があるとはいえない。そこで本研究では、これまでの言語変化の議論を踏まえつつ、具体的な事例について、系統推定や重回帰分析、対応分析といった数理的な手法を用いて多変量的な分析を行い、言語変化の原因や原因別の変化の特徴を明らかにした。 / 博士(文化情報学) / Doctor of Culture and Information Science / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University
|
| 108 |
Úvod do teorie jazykové správnosti / Introduction to the Theory of Language CorrectnessBeneš, Martin January 2017 (has links)
Introduction to the Theory of Language Correctness. The theme of this Thesis is the novel conceptualization of the subject field, which is, in the Czech context, traditionally dealt with within the theory of language cultivation, from the perspective of the so-called ontological "socialism" (esp. Itkonen, 1978; 2003). The first two chapters explain why the subject field of the (theory of) language cultivation is to be newly approached from this very perspective. The conceptual discussion in the first chapter identifies three underresearched factors (reaction of the Protectorate elites to the Nazi occupation policy; variety-based approach to the "language" and physicalism) that had negative effect to the debate on these questions and therefore they should not be taken into consideration; the terminological discussion in the second chapter supports the claim that it is not suitable to associate the traditional term (theory of) language cultivation with this novel conceptualization. The third chapter introduces in detail the so-called ontological "socialism" according to which there are not only spatiotemporal entities, i.e. language means, but also non-spatiotemporal entities, i.e. language rules qua actually existing social facts, in the subject field of linguistics. The fourth chapter provides a...
|
| 109 |
Die Lukasevangelien auf Caló. Die Ursachen ihrer Sprachinterferenz und der Anteil des SpanischenDietze, Markus 08 October 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Die Arbeit behandelt die beiden Übersetzungsversionen des Lukasevangeliums ins Caló, die George Borrow 1837 und 1872 anfertigte. Sie hat mehrere Zielstellungen. Der erste Teil geht der Frage nach: Wie kam es zu den beiden Schriften? Er legt dar, welche Einflussfaktoren das authentische Caló im Spanien der 1830er Jahre herausgeprägt haben konnten und welche Einflüsse durch den Übersetzer George Borrow auf die Übersetzungen wirkten. Als extralinguistische Faktoren wird dafür die (Kultur-)Geschichte der Gitanos herangezogen, werden Borrows Biographie sowie seine Sprachkenntnisse untersucht und werden die Aufsätze namhafter Autoren über die Entstehung des Calós diskutiert und gegeneinander abgewogen. So entsteht zum ersten Mal eine komplexe Zusammenfassung der Vorgeschichte des Calós der Evangelien. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit ist einerseits eine Anleitung, die das Caló anhand von Textbeispielen für Hispanisten lesbar macht, und prüft andererseits, ob und wie die Aussage zutrifft, dass Borrows Purifizierungsbestrebungen in der zweiten Übersetzungsversion ein Caló schufen, das einen wesentlich geringeren Anteil an spanischer Sprache hat als in der ersten Version. Die Frage nach der Purifizierung erscheint vor dem Hintergrund der damaligen verklärenden Zigeunermode, der Afición, in Spanien sowie angesichts des Polyglotten Borrow bedeutsam. Um ihr nachzugehen, werden die ersten siebeneinhalb Kapitel beider Übersetzungen mit Hilfe von Textanalyseprogrammen wortartenspezifisch untersucht. Das Ergebnis bestätigt die Annahme bei zehn von sechzehn Wortarten und zeigt auf, dass besonders bei den Autosemantika Purifizierungsversuche unternommen wurden. Wahrscheinlich war aber schon die erste Übersetzungsversion purifiziert.
Die Arbeit liefert einen ersten detaillierten linguistischen Vergleich eines Teiles der beiden Versionen und stellt das Caló der Evangelien in einem sehr umfassenden Kontext vor, wodurch sich eine Vernetzung linguistischer, kulturwissenschaftlicher und literaturwissenschaftlich interessanter Aspekte ergibt.
|
| 110 |
Die Lukasevangelien auf Caló. Die Ursachen ihrer Sprachinterferenz und der Anteil des SpanischenDietze, Markus 03 September 2012 (has links)
Die Arbeit behandelt die beiden Übersetzungsversionen des Lukasevangeliums ins Caló, die George Borrow 1837 und 1872 anfertigte. Sie hat mehrere Zielstellungen. Der erste Teil geht der Frage nach: Wie kam es zu den beiden Schriften? Er legt dar, welche Einflussfaktoren das authentische Caló im Spanien der 1830er Jahre herausgeprägt haben konnten und welche Einflüsse durch den Übersetzer George Borrow auf die Übersetzungen wirkten. Als extralinguistische Faktoren wird dafür die (Kultur-)Geschichte der Gitanos herangezogen, werden Borrows Biographie sowie seine Sprachkenntnisse untersucht und werden die Aufsätze namhafter Autoren über die Entstehung des Calós diskutiert und gegeneinander abgewogen. So entsteht zum ersten Mal eine komplexe Zusammenfassung der Vorgeschichte des Calós der Evangelien. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit ist einerseits eine Anleitung, die das Caló anhand von Textbeispielen für Hispanisten lesbar macht, und prüft andererseits, ob und wie die Aussage zutrifft, dass Borrows Purifizierungsbestrebungen in der zweiten Übersetzungsversion ein Caló schufen, das einen wesentlich geringeren Anteil an spanischer Sprache hat als in der ersten Version. Die Frage nach der Purifizierung erscheint vor dem Hintergrund der damaligen verklärenden Zigeunermode, der Afición, in Spanien sowie angesichts des Polyglotten Borrow bedeutsam. Um ihr nachzugehen, werden die ersten siebeneinhalb Kapitel beider Übersetzungen mit Hilfe von Textanalyseprogrammen wortartenspezifisch untersucht. Das Ergebnis bestätigt die Annahme bei zehn von sechzehn Wortarten und zeigt auf, dass besonders bei den Autosemantika Purifizierungsversuche unternommen wurden. Wahrscheinlich war aber schon die erste Übersetzungsversion purifiziert.
Die Arbeit liefert einen ersten detaillierten linguistischen Vergleich eines Teiles der beiden Versionen und stellt das Caló der Evangelien in einem sehr umfassenden Kontext vor, wodurch sich eine Vernetzung linguistischer, kulturwissenschaftlicher und literaturwissenschaftlich interessanter Aspekte ergibt.:o. Vorwort & Danksagung
i. Einleitung
i.i. Begriffsbestimmung
i.ii. Zielsetzung der Arbeit
Teil I: Die Ursachen der Sprachinterferenz in den Lukasevangelien
I.1. Die Geschichte der Gitanos bis ins 19. Jahrhundert
I.1.1. Die prähispanische Phase
I.1.2. Die erste Phase von 1425 bis 1499
I.1.3. Die zweite Phase von 1499 bis 1783
I.1.4. Die dritte Phase im 19. Jahrhundert
I.2. Die Genese des Calós bis ins 19. Jahrhundert
I.2.1. Denkmäler des Calós vor den Evangelien
I.2.2. Die Debatte um die Genese des Calós
I.2.2.1. Caló versus Pidgin-/ Kreolsprachen: Boretzky (1985) und Romero Yantorno
I.2.2.2. Code-Switching, Pogadisierung, Geheimsprachen und Language Intertwining: Bakker & van der Voort (1991)
I.2.2.3. Archaismen, kryptische Formationen, andalusische Merkmale und unabhängige Lexikentwicklung: Bakker (1995)
I.2.2.4. Das katalonische Romaní als Indiz für die zeitliche Einordnung: Boretzky (1992)
I.2.2.5. Das Caló als Alltagssprache und im Vergleich mit anderen Romaní-Dialekten: Boretzky (1998)
I.2.2.6. Von der Alltagssprache zum geheimsprachlichen Vokabular: Bakker (1998)
I.2.2.7. Zusammenfassung der Debatte
I.3. George Henry Borrow
I.3.1. Kurzbiographie
I.3.2. Borrows Romaní-, Spanisch- und Caló-Kenntnisse
Teil II: Der Anteil des Spanischen in den Lukasevangelien
II.1. Texterschließung für Hispanisten
II.1.1. Wörterbücher
II.1.2. Grammatik
II.1.2.1. Caló-Deklinationssuffixe
II.1.2.2. Caló-Hilfsverben
II.1.3. Textausschnitte
II.1.3.1. Textausschnitt 1: Titelseiten und Vorworte Borrows
II.1.3.2. Textausschnitt 2: Lukas 15, 1 - 4 .
II.2. Wortartenspezifische Analyse des Anteils des Spanischen
II.2.1. Vorgehen
II.2.2. Auswertung
II.3. Schluss
Anhänge
Anhang 1: Vergleich des Anteils des Spanischen an den Lukasevangelien 1 - 8,25 auf Caló von 1837 und 1872 in wortartenspezifischen, systematisierten und
kommentierten Wortfrequenzlisten
A.1. Flektierbare Wortarten
A.1.1. Die Artikel
A.1.2. Die Substantive
A.1.3. Die Eigennamen
A.1.4. Die Pronomina
A.1.4.1. Die Personal- und Reflexivpronomina
A.1.4.2. Die Demonstrativpronomina
A.1.4.3. Die Possesivpronomina
A.1.4.4. Die Relativpronomina
A.1.4.5. Die Indefinitpronomina
A.1.5. Die Adjektiva
A.1.6. Die Verba
A.1.7. Die Numeralia
A.2. Unflektierbare Wortarten
A.2.1. Die Adverbien
A.2.2. Die Präpositionen
A.2.3. Die Interrogativa
A.2.4. Die Konjunktionen
A.2.5. Die Interjektionen
Anhang 2: Paralleltexte: Die Lukasevangelien 1 - 8,25 auf Caló von 1837 und von 1872 und das spanische Lukasevangelium 1 - 8,25 übersetzt von Scío
Abbildungsverzeichnis
Quellenverzeichnis
Tabellenverzeichnis
|
Page generated in 0.0559 seconds