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Dr S. Modiri Molema (1891-1965) : The making of an historianStarfield, Jane 05 December 2008 (has links)
This thesis finds that Dr SM Molema made a considerable contribution to the construction of the
history of black people in South Africa, and was the first African historian to do so. Yet, he and other
African writers were marginalised from the mainstream twentieth-century canons of South African
history. Therefore, the thesis investigates the reasons for which Dr Molema (a medical doctor) became
an historian and an ethnographer in 1920, and explores the nature of his critical engagement with the
ways in which these disciplines represented black people. To understand the controversial treatment of
black historical writers, this study appraises South African historiography and its tendency to construct
debates about black people, while rendering black writers marginal to such debates.
Further, the thesis explores the generic complexity of Molema’s work and finds he wrote in a hybrid
genre, autoethnography. This complexity may have contributed to the many misreadings of his work.
This study outlines the generic specificity and implications of autoethnography and finds that, like
autobiography, autoethnography has been one of the genres of the Self (of personal testimony) that,
under colonialism and apartheid, many black writers employed in providing corrective versions of
mainstream versions of South African history. Autoethnography enabled Molema to represent his own
life, but — more importantly — that of his community (the Rolong boo RaTshidi of Mafikeng) as a
form of cultural translation for readers at home and abroad.
Methodologically, the thesis understands that Molema’s own family history played a large part in
motivating him to write history. In order to explore this relationship between the experience of history
and its representation, the thesis has a dual structure: the first four chapters present biographical studies
of three generations of the Molema family: Chief Molema, the founder of Mafikeng, his son Chief Silas
Thelesho Molema, and Silas’ son, Modiri Molema, the historian and ethnographer. Chapters Five and
Six present an exposition and critique of his first work, The Bantu Past and Present. Dr Molema’s
biographies of Chiefs Moroka and Montshiwa are used as ancillary texts.
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