A spectroradiometer was developed using the rear camera of the Samsung S7 smartphone for replicating the response of blue wool, a light comparative fading test from the textile industry that was adopted by the art conservation community in the 1960s. This technique was regarded as a cost effective, readily available comparative standard for understanding lightfastness of museum objects, but not an end all solution. Many other solutions have been found since the suggestion of the blue wool standard. Including the Canadian Light Damage Calculator and Lightcheck® ,which are comparator guides for lighting museum objects. The Berlin model for comparing tested spectral data is taken with expensive equipment, to a database to determine an objects sensitivity. Microfadeometry that directly tests the object with a 0.4-mm diameter focused Xenon source that deteriorates the artwork. None however have been able to completely replace the vetted, cost effective, easy to use blue wool standard for determining the sensitivity of museum and gallery objects, but a solution is needed. The solution is a designed and tested smartphone spectroradiometer attachment that measures the illumination and reflectance spectrum of museum and gallery objects to deduce an absorption spectrum that can be correlated to an expected blue wool response under the same conditions. The attachment for the phone is made from off the shelf and 3D printed parts. It has measured the deterioration of blue wool under a high intensity source and can predict the expected time for a blue wool specimen to visibly fade under the illumination of museum LED lighting. This thesis covers the design, modeling and testing experiment for the smartphone spectroradiometer that currently has a resolution of ± 7 nm, a spectral range from 393 to 650 nm with five orders of magnitude and an absolute radiometric error of 27.5% with the possibility of room for improvement. This includes increasing the accuracy of the modeled spectrum of the sun used for calibration, applying more advanced noise removal techniques, applying filters in post processing for better resolution and of course using a smartphone that takes raw images and can have its optical image stabilizer turned off during manual mode.

The stability of inkjet print is influenced by a lot of factors. Just the surrounding environment in image stability plays an important role. When the prints fade, not only this does occur by light exposure, but also considerable effect has relative humidity, ozone and other air pollutants. The types of receiving layers or ink composition belong to other factors, which affect the stability of prints. This diploma thesis deals with the long-term ageing of digital prints produced by ink jet technology. The study of resistance of inkjet prints was realized on nine different types of media. Samples were prepared with use of dye-based and pigment-based inks. The attention was especially focused on the influence of light on print durability, but study was also oriented on the impact of ozone. The samples were exposed to the indoor daylight. Changes in printed colours were measured and evaluated in colorimetric quantities. In this study of inkjet prints degradation the dependence of colour gamut volumes on UV and VIS exposure dose was evaluated.

In this diploma thesis the current methods of color fastness evaluation of color digital prints were solved. The theoretical part provides basic information needed to understand the experiment. Samples of inkjet prints were subjected to accelerated and long-term lightfastness test. The long-term test took place in the spaces of the Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, which fulfilled the condition of direct light in a closed room. For one year, samples were exposed and their reflection spectra were measured at monthly intervals. An accelerated lightfastness test was performed in a solar chamber with a xenon lamp. Only some samples were selected for this test because of the small space in the chambre and thw failure of the instrument. At regular intervals were measured again their reflection spectra from which the colorimetric values were calculated. After completion of the testing, the rate parameter was determined from the dependence of the loss of the normalized gamut volume on different doses of irradiation. In the case of long-term testing, it was based on data from the Hydrometeorological Institute, which gave values of direct outdoor solar radiation. In the accelerated test, the irradiation dose of the sample up to 800 nm was determined. Finally, the lightfastness of each sample was examined and compared with each other and the relevance of the accelerated test was assessed.

This diploma thesis deals with recent methods of lightfastness evaluation of both classic and digitally printed photographs. It summarizes the experimental methods used for colour change measurements. Primarily, it studies an influence of additional protection on lightfastness enhancement. Lightfastness testing of colour prints was carried out by accelerated ageing. Samples were prepared by 3 types of inkjet printers and 3 different print media. The surface of photographs was left untreated or modified by varnishing or lamination. A set of samples, thus achieved, was used to monitor a print behaviour during the light exposure. In conclusion effects of used receiving layer, ink or additional surface treatment were discussed. Colour changes were evaluated on the basis of measured reflectance spectra from which colorimetric quantities were calculated. Results were processed using VolGa application. An actual print-life was calculated from the plot of the normalized gamut volume loss and the exposure.

This paper gives a brief overview on the published and accepted standards and methods for colour photography and print lightfastness measuring and evaluating. A comparison of selected valid standards and evaluation suggestions has been made. Sample sets was produced by various photographic processes and printing techniques. Identical sample sets were used in both long-term and accelerated ageing experiment. In this thesis, the degradation speed is expressed as a formal rate constant, which was calculated from the dependence of normalized gamut volume on the exposure dose. Photographs and prints were compared on calculated lifetime basis. A failure of reciprocity law was observed, which indicates a lower credibility of estimated lifetime predictions based on accelerated ageing.

La société CASCADE a été créée pour industrialiser des technologies dites à « cascades lumineuses ». Le principe de ces « cascades lumineuses » consiste à réaliser un ou plusieurs décalages de fréquences lumineuses (ou électromagnétiques) en dopant une matrice polymère transparente par intégration de molécules optiquement actives (MOA), permettant d’adapter le spectre solaire à la photosynthèse et à la fonction chlorophyllienne des plantes. Un intérêt majeur pour les cultures sous serres d’utiliser des films agricoles dopés avec les MOA est de favoriser la précocité des récoltes ou d’accroître la quantité en poids des végétaux récoltés, sans en altérer leur qualité. Les polymères utilisés aujourd’hui dans les films agricoles sont le polyéthylène (PE) et le copolymère poly(éthylène-co-acétate de vinyle) (EVA) dans lesquels les MOA ne sont pas suffisamment stabilisées pour une application industrielle. L’objectif de la thèse vise donc à améliorer la tenue temporelle des MOA dans les matrices polymères PE/EVA par différentes stratégies : (i) l’étude de l’influence de la nature et de la topologie de la matrice polymère, (ii) l’optimisation des formulations existantes par ajout d’additifs ou de compatibilisants et (iii) l’encapsulation des MOA dans des particules de PMMA (non)-réticulées. / The CASCADE company was founded to develop technology said to “light cascades”. These “light cascades” consist of incorporating an appropriate combination of optically active molecules (OAM) into host materials allowing wavelength-shifting effects to optimize the quality and quantity of direct and diffuse sunlight. When such OAM combination is introduced into greenhouse films, an increase of agronomic yields and early crop are observed. Such behavior is due to the fact that OAM allow to adapt the solar spectrum to the photosynthesis and the chlorophyll function of plants. Greenhouse films are based on polyethylene (PE) and/or poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) copolymers. When OAM are introduced within such host polymers, their optically efficiency is limited for long term industrial applications. Therefore, the thesis goal is to improve the OAM lightfastness into PE/EVA polymer matrix by different strategies: (i) the study of polymer matrix nature and topology influence, (ii) the optimization of current formulations by additives or compatibilizers adding and (iii) the OAM encapsulation into (un)-crosslinked PMMA particles.

Práce podává přehled o dostupných a využívaných metodách, normách pro testování a hodnocení světlostálosti barevných fotografií a tisků. Bylo provedeno porovnání jednotlivých platných norem a návrhů na hodnocení. Tato práce pojednává o ochraně inkjetových tisků pomocí lakování. Byl připraven lak kompatibilní s fotografickými médii. Připravená kompozice byla obohacena o UV absorbéry EVERSORB ve dvou koncentracích. Pro srovnání byly také testovány tři druhy komerčních ochranných fotografických laků. Výtisky se třemi barvivovými inkousty opatřené lakovou vrstvou, byly vystaveny jak urychlenému světelnému stárnutí v xenonové testovací komoře, tak urychlenému stárnutí v ozonové testovací komoře. Na základě měřených odrazových spekter byl vypočítaný objem barvového gamutu pomocí softwaru Volga. Byl sledován úbytek gamutů v průběhu světelného stárnutí i při expozici ozonem. Stárnutí vzorků probíhalo do ukončení testu, nebo do dosažení kritéria 30% úbytku objemu barvového gamutu. Také bylo pozorováno selhání recipročního zákona, které ukazuje na jistou nepřesnost při předpovědi dlouhé životnosti vzorků. Pomocí změny barvového gamutu byla posuzována ochrana připraveného laku před UV záření a ozonem. Studované vrstvy laků byly dále charakterizovány na prostupnost kyslíku a vodní páry.