Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-68). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xviii, 141 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-130). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-166).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Full text release at OhioLINK's ETD Center delayed at author's request

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-11-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:10:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000739343.pdf: 2203610 bytes, checksum: ac8c342ce3d51256ef5b4bf0a36feb39 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / mortalidade embrionária em bovinos, entre 15 e 19 dias de prenhez, pode ser promovida pela liberação de PGF2 endometrial. A síntese de PGF2 é inibida pela suplementação com compostos ricos em ácido linoléico, como a semente de girassol. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito e os mecanismos pelos quais a suplementação com semente de girassol atua na performance reprodutiva de fêmeas bovinas de corte. Hipotetizou-se que tal suplementação promove um incremento na taxa de concepção de receptoras de embriões produzidos in vitro submetidas à TETF e que tal efeito decorra de modificações na composição lipídica plasmática e endometrial, alterações na expressão de transcritos envolvidos na biossíntese de eicosanoides e/ou modificações no número e/ou morfometria das glândulas endometriais. No Experimento 1, novilhas mestiças zebuínas submetidas ao protocolo de TETF suplementadas com semente de girassol, por 22 dias a partir da remoção do dispositivo de progesterona, apresentaram maior taxa de concepção em relação ao grupo controle (55,66% vs. 36,94%; P < 0,01). No Experimento 2, vacas Nelore suplementadas com semente de girassol apresentaram maiores concentrações plasmáticas de colesterol total, LDL e HDL; modificações na composição lipídica endometrial e alterações na expressão de transcritos envolvidos na biossíntese de eicosanoides. Conclui-se que a suplementação com semente de girassol aumenta a taxa de concepção por modificar a composição lipídica plasmática e endometrial, a expressão de transcritos envolvidos na biossíntese de eicosanoides e número... ( / Embryonic mortality in cattle, between 15 and 19 days of pregnancy, can be promoted by the release of endometrial PGF2. Synthesis of PGF2 is inhibited by supplementation with compounds rich in linoleic acid such as sunflower seed. This study aimed to evaluate the effects and the mechanisms by which supplementation with sunflower seed acts on reproductive performance of beef cows. It was hypothesized that such supplementation promotes an increase on conception rate of in vitro-produced embryos subjected to FTET; and that this effect arises from changes in plasma lipid composition and endometrial changes in the expression of transcripts involved in the biosynthesis of eicosanoids and/or changes in the number and/or endometrial gland morphology. In Experiment 1, zebu crossbred heifers submitted to the FTET protocol supplemented with sunflower seed, for 22 days from the removal of the progesterone device, showed higher conception rate in the control group (55.66% vs. 36.94% ; P < 0.01). In Experiment 2, Nelore cows supplemented with sunflower seed showed higher plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL and HDL, changes in endometrial lipid composition and changes in the expression of transcripts involved in the biosynthesis of eicosanoids. It was concluded that supplementation with sunflower seeds increases the conception rate by modifying the lipid composition of the plasma and the endometrium, the expression of transcripts involved in the biosynthesis of eicosanoids and number and morphometry of the endometrial glands / FAPESP: 09/09234-9

Magister Scientiae (Medical Bioscience) - MSc(MBS) / Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are geometrical and positional isomers of n-6 octadecadenoic acid (linoleic acid, LA, 18:2n-6), which form part of a family of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). There are 28 identified CLA isomers that mostly found in the meat and milk from ruminant animals. CLA has shown to possess a number of health benefits including; reduction in body fat and increased lean body mass, prevention of atherosclerosis, hypertension, increased immune function and in particular the prevention of cancer. The effects of CLA on cancer cell lines will be evaluated to discover the mechanisms that are employed to achieve this great phenomenon on cell growth. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of CLA on various parameters that are essential in the development of cancer cell phenotype. The objectives were to evaluate the effect of CLA on iron-induced lipid peroxidation of microsomes isolated from rat liver cells and in vitro cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and apoptosis in HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells. The Fatty acid incorporation in HepG2 cells was also assessed.

This work deals with the optimization of the method for determination of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) using gas chromatography. The summary about formation and occurrence of CLA in animal materials, its biological effects in human organism and methods suitable for its determination is introduced in the theoretical part of this study. The experimental part verify, if the gas chromatography is applicable method for assesment of CLA in selected biological matrices. The chosen method was introduced and verified at FCH of Brno university of technology. At the end the applicability of this method to CLA determination is discussed here.

No description available.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of pasture finishing versus high-concentrate finishing, over time, on fatty acid metabolism in Angus crossbred (n = 24) beef steers. Ruminal fluid, serum, and adipose tissue biposies were obtained on d 0, 28, 84, and 140. Pasture forages and diet ingredient samples were obtained at 14 d intervals to determine nutritive value and fatty acid composition. The high-concentrate diet consisted of corn silage, cracked corn, soybean meal, and a vitamin and mineral supplement. The pasture-finished steers grazed sequentially on triticale (Triticale hexaploide)/annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), alfalfa (Medicago sativa)/orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata), and a cool-season grass/legume mixture. The high-concentrate diet consisted of 57 % linoleic acid and 7 % linolenic acid (of total fatty acids). The pasture forages contained an average 9 % linoleic acid and 66 % linolenic acid (of total fatty acids). Adipose tissue concentrations of 18:2 cis-9, trans-11 CLA were higher (P < 0.05) in the pasture-finished steers than high-concentrate finished steers. Concentrations of 18:2 cis-9, trans-11 CLA declined in the high-concentrate finished steers (P < 0.05) from d 0 to 28 and d 28 to 84. In the pasture-finished steers concentrations peaked (P < 0.10) on d 28, and remained high throughout the duration of the study. Concentrations of linolenic acid were higher (P < 0.05) in adipose tissue, ruminal fluid, and serum of the pasture-finished steers, compared to the high-concentrate finished steers. In the pasture-finished steers linolenic acid concentrations peaked (P < 0.05) on d 28, and remained high throughout the study. Concentrations of linolenic acid gradually decreased (P < 0.05) over time within the high-concentrate finished steers. Thus, it appears that only a short time is needed to alter the omega-3 and CLA composition of adipose tissue in cattle finished on pasture. / Ph. D.

The antioxidants BHA, BHT, and ascorbic acid were added to flaxmeal breads to prevent rancidity. Six types of yeast leavened breads were evaluated: control (100% bread flour), flaxmeal (15%) bread, and flaxmeal (15%) bread that contained 0.01% respectively of BHA, BHT, BHA and BHT, and ascorbic acid. Vital wheat gluten was added in all the flaxmeal breads. Chemical, objective and sensory tests were used to evaluate the breads. The crumb texture of all the experimental breads was significantly softer (p¡à 0.05) than the control breads, but the control breads were significantly moister (p¡à 0.05) than the flaxmeal breads that contained BHA and BHT, separately. No significant differences (p>0.05) were found in loaf volume of the control bread and the experimental breads. The crumb color of the experimental breads was significantly darker (p<0.0001) due to the incorporation of flaxmeal. The acid value of the flaxmeal breads was significantly higher (p¡à 0.05) than the control breads. No significant differences (p>0.05) were found in peroxide values between the control breads and experimental breads after eight weeks. The QDA sensory tests showed that breads containing BHA or in combination with BHT were moister, chewier and had the least noticeable stale taste when compared to the control breads. Ascorbic acid was not as effective as BHA or a combination of BHA and BHT in preventing lipid oxidation, but produced the softest bread. This study showed that flaxmeal breads made with BHA and BHT provided the best protection against lipid oxidation and produced a moist and chewy bread. / Master of Science