My diploma thesis deals with the unexplored topic, which is modular architecture. The work is devided in two main parts. At the first I explain the issue of the definition this part of architecture, the main principles and the term modular architecture. The first part focus on the historical kontext and mentions the important milestones in its development. The most important areas, which are mainly prefabrication, standardization, mobile and container architecture and architecture of the space age are explained in the following chapter. In the second part I focus on the 1960s and the 1970s years and I choose and select examples of the realized and unrealized projects and try to give overview their development. In the end I mention the tmportance and the specific of the modular architecture.