Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated the composition of Themeda triandra Renosterveld in part of the Grootvadersbosch Conservancy and the effects of selected environmental and management variables to provide guidelines for promoting the presence of Themeda triandra in the veld. The Zürich-Montpellier phytosociological method was used to determine the composition of the Renosterveld communities. The point quadrat method was used to determine the cover of Themeda triandra at three grass dominated sites and compare cover from one site with past cover measurements at the specific site. Ordination was used to examine the effects of the environmental and management variables on the plant communities. Two community groups, five communities and five subcommunities were identified and described. The Themeda triandra – Stoebe phyllostachys Grassland Community Group consists of two communities of which one has two subcommunities. The Themeda triandra – Elytropappus rhinocerotis Shrubland Community Group consists of three communities of which one has three subcommunities. The vegetation units described in this study have not been described previously in the literature. One community belongs to Silcrete Fynbos while another subcommunity is transitional between Renosterveld and thicket and gallery forest. The rest of the plant communities fit the definition for Renosterveld (the local Renosterveld type is Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld). Cover of Themeda triandra did not differ significantly either between sites or between years. The comparison of Themeda triandra cover between years was done at a site that had been burnt between the last two sampling times yet the cover was not significantly different. This indicates that fire and other management practices did not have a negative impact on Themeda triandra at the site. Unconstrained ordination of the dataset in which cover/abundance values were included, grouped the relevés by moisture and disturbance but the presence/absence dataset indicates that the two community groups have a slight transitional overlap. Constrained ordination of both datasets with a) soil variables and b) management variables, both showed a tendency to separate the relevés into community groups, that did not happen with topographic and vegetation variables. Ordination did not separate the community groups into their subdivisions. The soil variables (both nutrients and texture) influence the vegetation structure and the community distribution. Under the existing grazing management regime, fire at three to five year intervals promoted the dominance of Themeda triandra by affecting the structure of the plant communities, the abundance of species other than Themeda triandra, and influencing which plant community is present. The use of fire as a management tool was regulated by the importance of the natural veld pastures to the farmers. The natural veld pastures are not suitable for dairy cattle in milk. Thus dairy farmers are less likely to burn the natural veld (no planned burns only chance fires) than those who farm with mutton or beef (planned burns on a three to five year interval). / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie het die samestelling van Themeda triandra Renosterveld in ’n deel van die Grootvadersbosch-Bewaria en die uitwerking van geselekteerde omgewings- en bestuursveranderlikes ondersoek om riglyne vir die bevordering van Themeda triandra in die veld daar te stel. Die Zürich-Montpellier fitososiologiese metode is gebruik om die samestelling van die Renosterveldgemeenskappe te bepaal. Die puntkwadraat-metode is gebruik om ’n skatting van die dekking van Themeda triandra by drie gras-gedomineerde persele te bepaal en om ’n vergelyking te maak tussen die huidige en vorige dekking van ’n enkele perseel. Ordinasie is gebruik om die invloed van omgewings- en bestuursveranderlikes op die plantgemeenskappe te bepaal. Twee gemeenskapsgroepe, vyf gemeenskappe en vyf subgemeenskappe is geïdentifiseer en gedefinieer. Die Themeda triandra – Stoebe phyllostachys Grasland-gemeenskapsgroep bestaan uit twee gemeenskappe waarvan een in twee subgemeenskappe onderverdeel is. Die Themeda triandra – Elytropappus rhinocerotis Struik-gemeenskapsgroep bestaan uit drie gemeenskappe waarvan een in drie subgemeenskappe onderverdeel is. Die plantegroei-eenhede wat in die studie beskryf is, is nie voorheen in die literatuur beskryf nie. Een gemeenskap behoort aan Silkreet-fynbos en ’n ander subgemeenskap is ’n oorgangsfase tussen Renosterveld en struikbosveld of woud, terwyl die res van die plantgemeenskappe binne die definisie van Renosterveld val (die plaaslike Renosterveld tipe staan bekend as Oostelike Rûens Skalierenosterveld). Die bedekking van Themeda triandra het nie betekenisvol gevarieer tussen óf die verskillende lokaliteite óf die verskillende jare nie. Die vergelyking van Themeda triandra-bedekking oor tyd is onderneem in ’n gebied wat tussen opnames gebrand is. Die bedekking het nie betekenisvol verskil nie. Dit dui aan dat vuur en ander bestuurspraktyke nie ’n negatiewe invloed op Themeda triandra in hierdie gebied het nie. Onbeperkte ordinasie van die datastel met die vergelyking van bedekking/volopheidwaardes, groepeer die relevés volgens vogtigheid en versteuring, terwyl die datastel ten opsigte van teenwoordigheid/ afwesigheid aandui dat die twee gemeenskapsgroepe ’n effense oorgangs-oorvleueling het. Beperkte ordinasie van beide datastelle met a) grondveranderlikes en b) bestuursveranderlikes, toon albei ’n neiging om die gemeenskapsgroepe te skei, wat nie gebeur het met die topografiese- en plantegroeiveranderlikes nie. Ordinasie het nie die gemeenskapsgroepe onderverdeel in gemeenskappe of subgemeenskappe nie. Die grondveranderlikes (beide voedingstowwe en tekstuur) beïnvloed die struktuur en die verspreiding van die plantegroei. Met die bestaande weidingsbestuur bevorder brande met ’n interval van tussen drie tot vyf jaar die oorheersing van Themeda triandra deur die struktuur van die teenwoordige plantgemeenskap te beïnvloed, deur die getal van die verskillende plantsoorte te beïnvloed en selfs deur die plantgemeenskap se voorkoms te beïnvloed. Die waarde wat die boer aan die natuurlike veld as weiveld heg bepaal die mate waartoe hulle veldbrand gebruik as ’n deel van bestuur. Die natuurlike veld is nie geskik vir melkkoeie wat in die melkproduksiestadium is nie. Die melkboere is dus minder geneig om die natuurlike veld te brand (geen beplande brande nie net kans brande) as die boere wat met vleisbeeste of skape boer (beplande brande elke drie tot vyf jaar).

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Gold mining in South Africa is an industry that is more than a century old. The impact of gold mines on communities and the environment are enormous. This thesis is a case study based in one of the major gold producers in South Africa that has been in operation for more than 50 years and has more than 30 years of life still left. Exploring the impact mining has had on communities and the environment, this thesis is a call for leadership action towards sustainable futures. This call is made through a suggested sustainable development leadership framework. Georgius Agricola gave a warning regarding the devastating environmental impacts of mining as early as 1556, however mining still has the same negative impacts to the environment and people. The argument in this thesis is that, it is only through genuine leadership that the impacts of mining can be mitigated. However leadership is looked at not from the position of the leader or the leadership style but from the belief system of the leader when it comes to environmental management and community development. The motivation for the study was based in observing how leadership at our Gold mine rallied behind prevention of mine closure when the mine was faced with electricity crisis in 2008. The electricity crisis demonstrated that it is through genuine and committed leadership that all challenges can be overcome including sustainable development crisis. The call for leadership at our mine is to demonstrate the same leadership commitment in addressing environmental and community development challenges. The literature review begins by highlighting sustainable development global challenges and initiatives to address them. This is followed by impacts of gold mining on society and the environment around the various regions of the world. Leadership belief systems are then discussed, highlighting, how belief systems influence the way a leader responds to environmental issues. In developing the sustainable development leadership framework findings from observations, conversations, interviews and focus group discussion that were conducted throughout the mine are presented. The aim of the research was to determine the understanding of employees on the impact of our company on communities, environment and themselves and also the employees’ opinions of leadership. The findings were that the majority of employees believe that leadership is not genuine in addressing community, employee safety and health, and environmental issues at our company and through interviews with leadership, the findings are that, environment and community issues are done for compliance and reputation purposes with no genuine belief that they should be done. To address this understanding a call to leadership is made through a suggested sustainable development leadership framework that takes into consideration the findings from the case study. The thesis ends by proposing that this suggested framework should be tested further within our company. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Goud mynbou in Suid-Afrika is 'n bedryf wat meer as 'n eeu oud is. Die impak van goudmyne op gemeenskappe en die omgewing is enorm. Hierdie proefskrif is 'n gevallestudie wat gebaseer is op een van die groot goudprodusente in Suid-Afrika wat al vir meer as 50 jaar reeds in werking is en wat 'n veredere lewensverwagting van meer as 30 jaar het. Hierdie tesis is 'n ondersoek na die impak wat mynbou op die omliggende gemeenskappe en omgewing het asook 'n beroep om leieskap optrede vir volhoubare ontwikkeling. Hierdie beroep vir volhoubare ontwikkeling word gemaak deur middel van 'n volhoubare ontwikkeling leierskap raamwerk. Georgius Agricola het alreeds in 1556 gewaarsku teen die impak wat mynbou op die omgewing en mense sou hê. Vandag het mynbou het egter nog steeds dieselfde negatiewe impak op die omgewing en die mense. Die argument in hierdie tesis is dat dit slegs deur ware leierskap is dat die impak van mynbou versag kan word. Leierskap word egter nie bekyk uit die posisie van die leier of die leierskap-styl nie, maar eerder uit die gewetens oortuiging oogpunt van die leier wanneer dit kom by omgewingsbestuur en ontwikkeling van die gemeenskap. Die motivering vir hierdie studie is gebaseer op die waarneming van hoe leierskap by ons goudmyn mynsluiting voorkom het gedurende die 2008 elektrisiteitskrisis. Die elektrisiteitskrisis het getoon dat uitdagings sowel as volhoubare ontwikkelings krisisse wel deur ware en toegewyde leierskap oorkom kan word. Die versoek is nou vir ons myn om dieselfde leierskap toewyding toe te pas waar omgewing en gemeenskap ontwikkelings uitdagings aangepak word. Die literatuur oorsig begin deur die globale uitdagings op volhoubare ontwikkeling onder die vergrootglas te plaas en wys hoe om die uitdagings te addresseer. Dan volg die impak wat die goudmynbedryf het op die omgewing en samelewing van verskeie streke in die wêreld. Leierskap geloof oortuiging word dan bespreek met die klem op hoe geloofsoortuiging 'n invloed het op die manier wat 'n leier reageer op omgewings kwessies. Die ontwikkeling van die volhoubare ontwikkelings raamwerk is gebasser op obserwasies, gesprekke, onderhoude en fokusgroepsbesprekings van regoor die myn. Die doel van die navorsing was om die begrip van die werknemers te bepaal aangaande die impak wat ons maatskappy het op die gemeenskap, omgewing en hulself en ook om die werknemers se opinies van leierskap te bepaal. Die bevindinge was dat die meerderheid van die werknemers van mening is dat leierskap by ons maatskappy nie opreg is wanneer dit kom by aanspreek van gemeenskap kwessies, werknemer veiligheid en gesondheid, en omgewingskwessies nie. Deur middel van onderhoude met die leiers van ons maatskappy is ook bevind dat die omgewing en die gemeenskaps kwessies slegs aandag geniet aangesien dit vir die nakoming van vereistes en reputasiedoeleindes verys word en nie as gevolg van 'n werklike oortuiging dat dit gedoen moet word nie. Om hierdie begrip aan te spreek word 'n beroep gemaak tot leierskap deur middel van hierdie voorgestelde volhoubare ontwikkeling leierskap raamwerk wat die bevindings van die gevallestudie in ag neem. Die tesis eindig deur voor te stel dat hierdie voorgestelde raamwerk verder getoets moet word in ons maatskappy.

Knowing where species are and understanding why is paramount for developing relevant and sustainable conservation and resource management strategies. The need for this information is becoming urgent as fishing activity, resource extraction and the impacts of coastal developments continue to put marine resources under increasing pressure. As logistical and financial constraints can restrict our ability to collect data in the marine environment, the ability to predict distributions based on known associations with different environmental variables would enhance our capacity to manage these resources. Before attempting to predict the distribution of species and groups of species, the underlying species-environment relationships must be examined to determine whether associations between species and the environment can: (i) be identified, (ii) be used to develop models that can accurately predict distributions, and (iii) are general enough to allow accurate predictions beyond the sampled area. Most studies to date have compared the composition of fish assemblages between sites to determine how different environmental variables influence distribution. While widely applied, these methods do not consider how individual species respond to multiple environmental gradients and they lack the ability to predict distributions across different combinations of variables along those gradients. This lack of prediction also limits our capacity to assess what marine biodiversity is presently threatened by global, regional, and local human pressures on marine ecosystems. '...' Thus, summarising and modelling species data at higher levels would result in models with poorer predictive accuracy and a loss of ecological information. The generality of the species-environment relationships defined by the models were assessed by evaluating the transferability of models between different areas. Models developed from data collected over a wider geographic extent could more accurately predict the distribution of species across a smaller spatial extent than vice versa. This indicated that while general theories of the ecology of temperate demersal fish can be defined, the actual patterns of distribution may vary from site to site, suggesting caution when using predictions beyond the sampled area for management purposes. Overall, species distribution modelling identified how different species and groups of species responded to the combined influence of multiple environmental gradients and was able to accurately predict distributions based on the defined associations. Their application has led to a greater understanding of the species environment relationships and will help to identify those areas that may be important for conservation. Their predictive ability will allow general predictions of distribution of fish species across unsurveyed areas and provides the ability to assess the potential impact from implementing different policy and management strategies.

Graduation date: 1993

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

To meet society’s needs for water, food, fuel and fibre the natural land cover throughout the world has been extensively altered. These alterations have impacted on hydrological responses and thus on available water resources, as the hydrological responses of a catchment are dependent upon, and sensitive to, changes in the land use. Similarly, changes in the climate through enhanced carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere have resulted in increased temperature and altered precipitation patterns that alter hydrological responses. In combination, land use change and global climate change form a complex and interactive system, whereby both human influences and climate change manipulate land use patterns, and changes in land uses feed back to influence the climate system, with both impacting on hydrological responses. Relatively few studies have been undertaken examining the combined impacts of climate change and land use change on water resources, with no consensus emerging as yet as to combined influence of land use change and climate change on hydrological responses and the role of geographical characteristics in determining the overriding influence. There is, however, agreement that the effect on hydrological responses will be amplified. Given that South Africa is currently water stressed and considered to be highly exposed to climate change impacts, an understanding of hydrological responses to the complex interactions between land use and climate change is crucial to allow for improved integration of land use planning in conjunction with climate change adaptation into water resources management. To determine the sensitivity of land use to changing climate, a sensitivity study assessing the potential impacts of climate change on the areas climatically suitable for key plantation forestry species was undertaken. Under sensitivity scenarios of climate change the climatically optimum areas for specific forest species were shown to shift, with optimum areas changing in extent and location between and within South Africa’s provinces. With potential for shifts in land use due to climate change shown, the imperative to improve understanding of the dynamics between land use and climate change as well as the subsequent impacts on hydrological responses was further established. For the assessment of climate-land use-water interactions, a process-based hydrological model, sensitive to land use and climate, and changes thereof, viz. the daily time step ACRU model was selected. In order to increase the confidence in results from the model in a study such as this, its representation of reality was confirmed by comparing simulated streamflow output against observations across a range of climatic conditions and land uses. This comparison was undertaken in the three diverse South African catchments chosen for the study, viz. the semi-arid, sub-tropical Luvuvhu catchment in the north of the country, which has a large proportion of subsistence agriculture and informal residential areas, the Upper Breede catchment in the winter rainfall regions of the south, where the primary land uses are commercial orchards and vineyards, and the sub-humid Mgeni catchment along the eastern seaboard, where plantation forestry is dominant in the upper reaches, commercial plantation sugarcane and urban areas in the middle reaches, and urban areas dominate the lower reaches. Thus, in effect a space for time study was undertaken, thereby reducing the uncertainty of the model’s ability to cope with the projected future climate scenarios. Overall the ACRU model was able to represent the high, low and total flows, and thus it was concluded that the model could be used with confidence to simulate the streamflows of the three selected catchments and was able to represent the hydrological responses from the range of climates and diversity of land uses present within the catchments. With the suitability of the model established for the theme of this research, the understanding of the complex interactions between hydrological responses and land use could be improved. The hydrological responses of the three selected catchments to land use change were varied. Results showed that the location of specific land uses within a catchment plays an important role in the response of the streamflow of the catchment to that land use change. Furthermore, it was shown that the contributions of different land uses to the streamflow generated from a catchment are not proportional to the relative area of those land uses, and the relative contribution of the land use to the catchment streamflow varies with the annual rainfall of the catchment. With an improved understanding of the dynamics between land uses and hydrological responses, the impacts of climate change on hydrological responses were assessed prior to analysing the combined impacts on land use and climate change. Five plausible climate projections from three coupled atmosphere-ocean global climate models covering three SRES emissions scenarios which were downscaled with the RCA3 regional climate model and adjusted using the distribution-based scaling (DBS) approach for bias correction were used as climate input to the ACRU model, with future projections applied to a baseline land cover scenario compared to historical climate applied to the same baseline land cover scenario. No consistent direction of change in the streamflow responses was evident in the Mgeni and Luvuvhu catchments. However, decreases in streamflow responses were evident for all five scenarios for the Upper Breede. With an understanding of the separate impacts of land use and climate change on hydrological responses, an analysis of the combined impacts was undertaken to determine which changes were projected to be of greater importance in different geographical locations. Results indicated that the drier the climate becomes, the relatively more significant the role of land use becomes, as its impact becomes relatively greater. The impacts of combined land use and climate change on the catchments’ streamflow responses varied across both the temporal and spatial scales, with the nature of the land use and the magnitude of the projected climate change having significant impacts on the streamflow responses. From the research undertaken, the key results were • that the climatic variable to which plantation forestry species are most sensitive is rainfall; • that optimum growth areas for plantation forestry are projected to shift under changing climates, having a potentially significant impact on the landscape and thus on the hydrological responses from the landscape; • that the daily time-step, physical-conceptual and process-based ACRU model is appropriate for use in land use change and climatic change impact studies as shown through a space for time study; • that the contributions of different land uses to the streamflow generated from a catchment is not proportional to the relative area of that land use and that, as the mean annual precipitation of a subcatchment decreases, so the disparities between the relative areas a land use occupies and its contribution to catchment streamflow increases; • that specific land use changes have a greater impact on different components of the hydrological response of a catchment; • that land uses which currently have significant impacts on catchment water resources will place proportionally greater impacts on the catchment’s water resources if the climate were to become drier; thus the drier the climate becomes, the more relatively significant the role of land use becomes; • that when considering any hydrological impacts of land use change, climate change or combined land use and climate change, assessments need to consider the scale where the localized impacts may be evident, the progression of the impacts as the streamflow cascades through the catchment, as well as the impacts at the whole catchment scale where the accumulation of the effects through the catchment are evident; and lastly • that each catchment is unique with its own complexities, feed forwards and feedbacks, thus each catchment will have a unique threshold as to where land use change or climate change begins to have a significant influence of the hydrological response. Given these complex interactions between land use, climate and water, there is a growing imperative to improve the understanding of the movement of water within catchments, to be receptive and adaptive to new concepts and information, and to developing resilient and adaptive water management strategies for the future in a way that minimises the risks and maximises the benefits to potential impacts of climate change. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2012.

The re-emergence of South Africa into the global automotive market has had a significant impact on domestically based Original Equipment Manufactures (OEMs) and their component suppliers. While South Africa's exposure to the global market has brought about opportunities for firms to gain access to global markets, it has brought with it a vast number of pressures, including the pressure to comply with local and international environmental standards. Many of the OEM's have been set a deadline of January 2005 for ISO 14001 certification. The aim of the research was to explore and understand the complexities of the ISO 14001 implementation process with the objective of establishing the barriers that hamper its implementation, the determination of what factors influence these barriers and the investigation of possible recommendations on how organisations could overcome, or minimize, these barriers. To achieve this, a study was conducted on the Durban Automotive Cluster (DAC) investigating the following areas: 1. Determine the reasons for seeking ISO 14001 certification. 2. Determine what the organisations perceived and experienced as the barriers to implementation. 3. Determine the strategic implications of an Environmental Management System (EMS). A theoretical basis of ISO 14001, the implementation process and its strategic implications were established by reviewing previous research. A survey was conducted on the DAC's members through the use of a self-administrated questionnaire. The research showed that organisations chose to seek ISO 14001 certification in order to satisfy customer requirements and subsequently the strategic implications of ISO 14001 certification are very high. In terms of barriers to implementation, finance, resources allocation, expertise and implementation time proved to be the most problematic areas. In order for organisations to implement ISO 14001, they need to give due recognition to its strategic implications and use these implications as the basis for its justification. In order for organisations to be able to capitalize on the benefits of the system and use it to build a competitive advantage, they should attempt to integrate the environmental management system with their other management systems. / Thesis (M.B.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.

Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Macquarie Graduate School of Management, 2006. / Bibliography: p. 240-276. / Introduction -- "Greening" phenomena of corporate environmental management and reporting -- China's environmental management and reporting -- Research theoretical methodology -- "Evolutionary epic" of China's environmental management institutions -- Findings and conceptualisation of CEM and CER -- Further discussion and implications -- Conclusion. / What was once the preserve of a 'green' social organisational fringe, Corporate Environmental Management (CEM) and Corporate Environmental Reporting (CER), have increasingly become a core business strategy. Research studies in this arena have been centred on industrialised nations (e.g., Guthrie and Parker, 1990), and until recently, comparatively sparse focus on developing nations (Belal, 2000), particularly in empirical studies on CER in the People's Republic of China (PRC). -- As the most populous nation on earth with one fifth of humanity (1.3 billions), China's astounding economic growth and resource consumption (Economist, 2005), provide 'telescoping' lessons in understanding the embracing of CEM and CER in rapidly developing countries. Motivated by China's unique institutional structure and embryonic stage of environmentalism (Luo and Yuwen, 2001; Chan and Welford, 2005), this field study explored the 'greening' phenomena of CEM and CER as perceived by senior managers in Shanghai. -- Utilising a modified grounded research approach (Strauss and Corbin, 1990; 1994; Whiteley, 2004), the constructivist ontology was chosen to penetrate the social context of the companies interviewed. Grounded in the data and applying interpretive epistemology, this qualitative research elucidated our awareness about the normative assumptions underpinning CEM and CER in Shanghai. The emergent model illuminated our understanding of how Chinese institutions and senior individuals within enterprises responded to the greening challenges, and how senior managers matched their personal beliefs with perceived CEM and CER. -- The results in this study indicated that CEM and CER were influenced and/or constrained by formal institutional rules (e.g., environmental policies and laws) and informal cultural institutional norms (e.g., Guanxi, trust and secrecy). The findings resonate well with institutional theoretical constraints (Powell and DiMaggio, 1991; Fogarty, 1992a) and cognitive dissonance theory (Festinger, 1962). This is attributable to the dilemma of balancing the 'yin and yang' of long term environmental sustainability and short term economic growth. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / viii, 289 p. ill

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-88).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WellingtonA_DISSERT.pdf: 14102064 bytes, checksum: 78702039b725e34f918e73accb37c546 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The general aim of this research was to analyze the factors that determine the environmental management strategies in the industry Millennium Inorganic Chemicals: Crystal Global, but also analyze which environmental management strategies are used by industry. For the achievement of the proposed objective, we conducted a case study organization based in twenty-eight environmental management strategies raised in the literature. Following this survey, it was possible to ascertain which of these strategies are used in the industry studied, as well as which factors are decisive for the implementation of these. The research is characterized as qualitative and applied, as the goals is exploratory and descriptive, with regard to the data, these were obtained through interviews with the directors of the organization and also documents made available by the industry. As a main result, it was realized that the industry practices twenty-eight twenty of environmental management strategies proposed in this study, the scale Waste Management that encompasses more strategies. Regarding the determinants realized that the endogenous factors that are most pressing for the organization creating environmental strategies, and these determinants, since the exogenous, with the exception of environmental legislation, not put pressure on the organization / O objetivo geral dessa pesquisa foi analisar os fatores que determinam as estrat?gias de gest?o ambiental na ind?stria Millennium Inorganic Chemicals: Cristal Global, como tamb?m analisar quais estrat?gias de gest?o ambiental s?o usadas pela ind?stria. Para o atingimento do objetivo proposto, foi realizado um estudo de caso na organiza??o baseado em vinte e oito estrat?gias de gest?o ambiental levantadas na literatura. Ap?s esse levantamento, p?de-se verificar quais dessas estrat?gias s?o usadas na ind?stria estudada, como tamb?m quais fatores s?o determinantes para implanta??o destas. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa e de natureza aplicada, quanto aos objetivos ? explorat?ria e descritiva, no que se refere aos dados, estes foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas junto aos diretores da organiza??o e tamb?m documentos disponibilizados pela ind?stria. Como principal resultado, percebeu-se que a ind?stria pratica vinte das vinte e oito estrat?gias de gest?o ambiental propostas nesse estudo, sendo a dimens?o Gest?o de Res?duos que mais engloba estrat?gias. Quanto aos fatores determinantes percebeu-se que os fatores end?genos s?o os que mais pressionam a organiza??o para cria??o de estrat?gias ambientais, sendo estes determinantes, j? os ex?genos, com exce??o da legisla??o ambiental, n?o exercem press?o sobre a organiza??o