Submitted by Douglas Benndorf Rodrigues null (dbenndorf@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-17T06:06:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HamiltVincSpin2_V7.pdf: 644680 bytes, checksum: 7826f04e2072b12f1597892b97b67791 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-01-20T13:54:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigues_db_me_guara.pdf: 644680 bytes, checksum: 7826f04e2072b12f1597892b97b67791 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-20T13:54:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigues_db_me_guara.pdf: 644680 bytes, checksum: 7826f04e2072b12f1597892b97b67791 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Neste trabalho abordamos de forma introdutória o tratamento de sistemas singulares, em especial as teorias de Maxwell, Proca e Fierz-Pauli, e obtemos resultados originais para a família de modelos de spin-2 massivos do tipo não-Fierz-Pauli. Tendo como ferramenta principal o método de Dirac para sistemas vinculados, escrevemos a densidade de hamiltoniana primária do modelo LnF P , obtemos seus vínculos primários, secundários, terciários e quartenários, assim como os multiplicadores de Lagrange. Calculamos também o número de graus de liberdade independentes e mostramos a positividade da hamiltoniana reduzida. / In this work, we approach in an introductory way the treatment of singular systems, especially the theories of Maxwell, Proca and Fierz-Pauli, and obtain original results for the non-Fierz-Pauli family of massive spin-2 models. Having as main tool the Dirac method for constrained systems, we write the primary Hamiltonian density of the LnF P model, obtain their primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary constraints, as well as Lagrange multipliers. We calculate the number of independent degrees of freedom of the model and demonstrate the positivity of the reduced Hamiltonian.

Submitted by Pedro Henrique Fusco Nogueira null (pedrofusconogueira@gmail.com) on 2018-03-04T20:59:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final.pdf: 530386 bytes, checksum: 67ed197e0d666d071b9b062d11c6ee5f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2018-03-05T19:05:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 nogueira_phf_me_guara.pdf: 530386 bytes, checksum: 67ed197e0d666d071b9b062d11c6ee5f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-05T19:05:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 nogueira_phf_me_guara.pdf: 530386 bytes, checksum: 67ed197e0d666d071b9b062d11c6ee5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Neste trabalho buscamos encontrar a teoria mais geral para partículas massivas de spin-2 via tensor simétrico. Começamos expondo o caminho que seguiremos para calcular a amplitude de dois pontos saturada por fontes e obter o conteúdo físico de uma dada teoria livre. Como primeira tentativa partimos de uma teoria semelhante a teoria de Fierz-Pauli, mas com termo de massa generalizado. Após isto exploramos uma densidade lagrangiana mais geral, com no máximo duas derivadas. Em ambos os casos retornamos a teoria de Fierz-Pauli como a única viável. Em busca de maior generalidade, posteriormente, propomos uma densidade lagrangiana com coeficientes arbitrários e com potência arbitrária nas derivadas, relacionamos os coeficientes desta teoria com os coeficientes da densidade lagrangiana encontrada anteriormente na literatura via imersão de Euler das equações de Fierz Pauli, o propósito foi verificar se existe uma teoria mais geral que esta última. Por último, a fim de complementar o assunto tratado neste trabalho, verificaremos as consequências de uma dada simetria local no conteúdo físico de uma teoria, de spin-2 massiva. / In this project we seek to find the most general theory for massive particles of spin-2 through symmetric tensor. We begin by the path we will follow to calculate the amplitude of two points, saturated by sources, and obtain physical contente of a free theory. As first attempt, we started with a theory similar to the Fierz-Pauli’s theory, but with a generalized mass term. After this we explored a more general Lagrangian density, with two derivatives in the most. In both cases we return to the Fierz-Pauli’s theory as the only viable one. In search of a greater generality, we later propoused a Lafrangian density with arbitrary coefficients and arbitrary power in the derivatives. We related the coefficients of this theory with the Lagrangian density’s coefficients found previously in the literature through imersão de Euler of the Fierz-Pauli’s equations. The purpose was to verify if there is a more general theory than this last one. Finally, in order to complemente the subject discussed in this paper, we will verify the consequences of a certain local symmetry on the physical contente of a massive spin-2 theory

With the wide spread of wireless technology, the time for 4G has arrived, and 5G will appear not so far in the future. However, no matter whether it is 4G or 5G, low latency is a mandatory requirement for baseband processing at base stations for modern cellular standards. In particular, in a future 5G wireless system, with massive MIMO and ultra-dense cells, the demand for low round trip latency between the mobile device and the base station requires a baseband processing delay of 1 ms. This is 10 percentage of today’s LTE-A round trip latency, while at the same time massive MIMO requires large-scale matrix computations. This is especially true for channel estimation and MIMO detection at the base station. Therefore, it is essential to ensure low latency for the user data traffic. In this master’s thesis, LTE/LTE-A uplink physical layer processing is examined, especially the process of channel estimation and MIMO detection. In order to analyze this processing we compare two conventional algorithms’ performance and complexity for channel estimation and MIMO detection. The key aspect which affects the algorithms’ speed is identified as the need for “massive complex matrix inversion”. A parallel coding scheme is proposed to implement a matrix inversion kernel algorithm on a single instruction multiple data stream (SIMD) vector processor. The major contribution of this thesis is implementation and evaluation of a parallel massive complex matrix inversion algorithm. Two aspects have been addressed: the selection of the algorithm to perform this matrix computation and the implementation of a highly parallel version of this algorithm. / Med den breda spridningen av trådlös teknik, har tiden för 4G kommit, och 5G kommer inom en överskådlig framtid. Men oavsett om det gäller 4G eller 5G, låg latens är ett obligatoriskt krav för basbandsbehandling vid basstationer för moderna mobila standarder. I synnerhet i ett framtida trådlöst 5G-system, med massiva MIMO och ultratäta celler, behövs en basbandsbehandling fördröjning på 1 ms för att klara efterfrågan på en låg rundresa latens mellan den mobila enheten och basstationen. Detta är 10 procent av dagens LTE-E rundresa latens, medan massiva MIMO samtidigt kräver storskaliga matrisberäkningar. Detta är särskilt viktigt för kanaluppskattning och MIMO-detektion vid basstationen. Därför är det viktigt att se till att det är låg latens för användardatatrafik. I detta examensarbete, skall LTE/LTE-A upplänk fysiska lagret bearbetning undersökas, och då särskilt processen för kanaluppskattning och MIMO-detektion. För att analysera denna processing jämför vi två konventionella algoritmers prestationer och komplexitet för kanaluppskattning och MIMO-detektion. Den viktigaste aspekten som påverkar algoritmernas hastighet identifieras som behovet av "massiva komplex matrisinversion". Ett parallellt kodningsschema föreslås för att implementera en "matrisinversion kernel-algoritmen" på singelinstruktion multidataström (SIMD) vektorprocessor. Det största bidraget med denna avhandling är genomförande och utvärdering av en parallell massiva komplex matrisinversion kernel-algoritmen. Två aspekter har tagits upp: valet av algoritm för att utföra denna matrisberäkning och implementationen av en högst parallell version av denna algoritm.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:30:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra Guedes.pdf: 596875 bytes, checksum: 8a725c39b21c7ab2b1f9499af1a4ff85 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-04 / The path of life of the advertiser, journalist, story writer, novelist and essayist Orígenes Lessa is rich in professional experience and intellectual knowledge in the propaganda and literature. The main objective of this work was to rescue his itinerary in the propaganda, his values, the publicity techniques used by him, as well as his contributions for the evolution of the Brazilian propaganda. The advertiser, holder also of a wide literary production, he was the first president of APP - Association of Professionals of Propaganda. He worked in one of the first agencies of advertising of Brazil, the Ecletica . He began to act in 1928 in the multinational General Motors, later in foreign agencies, like J.W. Thompson, and in national means of communication, consolidating a 57 year-career dedicated to the advertising. We adopted the method of historical research looking for the bonds between Orígenes Lessa's personal and professional path and the development of the advertising. We privileged the period of the decades of 20 and 30, time of active militancy of the advertising in the area. We detached his perception of the work of the advertising editor, his values, main works and the repercussions of the same ones in the Brazilian society. (AU) / A trajetória de vida do publicitário, jornalista, contista, novelista, romancista e ensaísta Orígenes Lessa é rica em experiência profissional e conhecimento intelectual na propaganda e na literatura. O objetivo central deste trabalho foi o de resgatar seu itinerário na propaganda, seus valores, as técnicas de publicidade por ele utilizadas, bem como suas contribuições para a evolução da propaganda brasileira. O publicitário, detentor também de ampla produção literária, foi o primeiro presidente da APP Associação dos Profissionais de Propaganda. Trabalhou em uma das primeiras agências de publicidade do Brasil, a Eclética. Começou a atuar em 1928 na multinacional General Motors, depois em agências estrangeiras, como a J.W. Thompson, e em meios de comunicação nacionais, consolidando uma carreira de 57 anos dedicados à publicidade. Adotamos o método de pesquisa histórica buscando os vínculos entre a trajetória pessoal e profissional de Orígenes Lessa e o desenvolvimento da publicidade. Privilegiamos o período das décadas de 20 e 30, época de ativa militância do publicitário na área. Destacamos sua percepção do trabalho do redator publicitário, seus valores, principais trabalhos e as repercussões dos mesmos na sociedade brasileira.(AU)

Submitted by Hemily Gomes Marciano (hemily.gomes@gmail.com) on 2018-04-17T18:10:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 versão final.pdf: 751892 bytes, checksum: 22aa973b490af1ca393b304a45758dbb (MD5) / Rejected by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: Favor basta apenas Inserir a capa, porém é um elemento obrigatório. Deve conter a identificação do trabalho, na seguinte ordem: • Nome da Instituição (centralizado) • Nome completo do autor (centralizado) • Título do trabalho (centralizado) • Subtítulo: se houver, deve ser precedido de dois pontos, evidenciando a sua subordinação ao título • Número do volume, se houver mais de um • Local (cidade) da instituição onde será apresentado (centralizado) • Ano da entrega (centralizado) Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-04-18T13:06:59Z (GMT) / Submitted by Hemily Gomes Marciano (hemily.gomes@gmail.com) on 2018-04-18T16:51:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Final Tese.pdf: 803694 bytes, checksum: c2cc93bc2be66aef333d543d606bd2f8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2018-04-19T18:58:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fortes_hgm_dr_guara.pdf: 803694 bytes, checksum: c2cc93bc2be66aef333d543d606bd2f8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-19T18:58:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fortes_hgm_dr_guara.pdf: 803694 bytes, checksum: c2cc93bc2be66aef333d543d606bd2f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-23 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Partículas massivas de spin-2 são usualmente descritas pela conhecida teoria de Fierz-Pauli através de um tensor de rank-2 simétrico hµν = hνµ. Recentemente, tem havido um aumento no interesse por teorias que descrevam esse tipo de partícula, principalmente pela possibilidade de oferecer uma explicação alternativa para o problema da aceleração da expansão do universo, pois se o gráviton tivesse uma pequena massa, a força gravitacional diminuiria a grandes distâncias, produzindo tal aceleração. Trabalhos mais recentes têm trazido à tona outras possibilidades além de Fierz-Pauli para se descrever partículas de spin-2 massivas partindo de um tensor de rank-2 não simétrico eµν 6= eνµ, os chamados modelos L(a1). Tendo em vista que toda partícula deve interagir com a gravitação, no presente trabalho buscamos estudar o acoplamento desses novos modelos com um campo gravitacional de fundo. Para isso, a partir da manipulação das equações de movimento, procuramos obter os vínculos necessários para se ter uma teoria com a contagem de graus de liberdade correta. Fizemos também um estudo preliminar da versão sem massa dos modelos L(a1) no espaço curvo a partir da análise das simetrias de gauge existentes. Identificamos ainda os modelos parcialmente simétricos presentes em L(a1) / Massive spin-2 particles are usually described by the well-known Fierz-Pauli theory via a symmetric rank-2 tensor hµν = hνµ. Recently there has been an increase of interest in theories describing this kind of particle, especially because they can contribute to explain the accelerated expansion of the universe, since if the graviton has a small mass, the gravitational force would decrease at large distances, producing such accelerattion. In recent works other possibilities, besides the Fierz-Pauli model, which describe massive spin-2 particles starting from a non-symmetric rank-2 tensor eµν 6= eνµ have been found, the so-called L(a1) models. Since every particle has to interact with the gravitation, we have studied the coupling of the new models with a background gravitational field. Therefore, from the manipulation of the equations of motion, we seek for the necessary constraints in order to achieve the correct counting of degrees of freedom. We also have done a preliminary study of the massless version of the L(a1) models in the curved space from the analysis of the gauge symmetries of the theory. We also have identified the partially symmetric models present in L(a1). / 2013/25368-0

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-28T19:29:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HaulissonJodyBatistaDaCosta_TESE.pdf: 2105364 bytes, checksum: 02ce6394c65e4f1c777677345eac66c6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-29T18:57:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 HaulissonJodyBatistaDaCosta_TESE.pdf: 2105364 bytes, checksum: 02ce6394c65e4f1c777677345eac66c6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-29T18:57:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HaulissonJodyBatistaDaCosta_TESE.pdf: 2105364 bytes, checksum: 02ce6394c65e4f1c777677345eac66c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-22 / A evolu??o da comunica??o sem fio traz suporte a m?ltiplos dispositivos que, simultaneamente, transmitem altas taxas de dados. T?cnicas emergentes de comunica??o LSMIMO permitem explorar o aumento da capacidade para a moderniza??o dos sistemas de transmiss?o. Apesar da pr?pria caracter?stica do canal de multipercurso proporcionar efici?ncia espectral, a complexidade computacional dos m?todos de detec??o LS-MIMO tornam-se proibitivos em sistemas com elevada quantidades de antenas. Procurando aumentar a quantidade de antenas empregadas na detec??o MIMO, este trabalho prop?e adaptar o m?todo iterativo de Richardson ao conceito de matrizes aleat?rias estabelecido por Marchenko-Pastur e ao conceito de execu??o paralela de modo a adequ?-lo ? aplica??o em sistema LS-MIMO. O m?todo iterativo de Richardson exige condi??es para resolu??o linear que restringem sua ampla aplica??o. Contudo, a compreens?o do canal permite estabelecer adapta??es que suprem as exig?ncias do m?todo. Os efeitos do canal conceituados por Marchenko-Pastur permitem modificar o m?todo, atrelando a estabilidade ? quantidade de antenas de maneira que o aumento dessa propor??o contribui tanto para a melhoria da converg?ncia quanto para a redu??o relativa das itera??es. Adicionalmente, a execu??o compartilhada com o m?todo de decodifica??o proporciona uma divis?o de carga de trabalho, de modo a permitir uma taxa de transfer?ncia que supera outros m?todos. Os resultados levantados a partir das an?lises comparativas entre outras propostas de execu??o paralela mostraram de forma in?dita a capacidade de detec??o em larga escala. Ainda, a proposta mostrou um n?vel de adaptabilidade que permite variar a rela??o entre taxa de transfer?ncia de dados e complexidade. Nesse sentido, o m?todo mostrou que com taxas de transmiss?o equipar?veis com outras propostas permite aumentar seu desempenho em 150% abdicando 1,75 dB da rela??o sinal ru?do. Baseando-se nessa abordagem, o sistema mostra um desempenho superior as outras estrat?gias executadas em GPU que apontam um incremento significativo na capacidade de transmiss?o paralela. A proposta, tamb?m, mostra aspectos escal?veis que permitem alcan?ar um desempenho na ordem de Gb=s pela inser??o de outros dispositivos (GPUs) operando paralelamente no sistema. / The evolution of wireless communications must support multiples devices and maintain high-speed data transmission. The emerging Large-Scale MIMO techniques allows improving the capacity for the next generations of communications systems. Although the benefit of multipath involves the spectral efficiency, the computational complexity of LS-MIMO detection becomes prohibitive in large systems. Seeking to overcome it, we propose to adapt the Richardson iterative method to the LS-MIMO with random matrices theory by concepts of Marchenko-Pastur and parallel executions. This method requires restricted conditions for the linear resolution that limits its applications. However, the channel knowledge allows establishing adaptations that supply the requirements of the method. The channel effect explained by Marchenko-Pastur allows associating the stability of the process with an increase in the numbers of antennas that contributed to improved the convergence and reduction the iterations. Furthermore, the shared execution with decoding blocks provide a workload distribution that surpasses the throughput of others detections. The results achieved from the comparative analysis of other proposals showed an unprecedented way to increase capability on the large scale detection and provides an efficient parallel processing. Also, the proposal demonstrated a level of adaptability that allows diversifying the association between transmission rate and complexity. Therefore, the implementation of Richardson detection establishes that the transmission rate is comparable with other projects and the increasing of 1.74dB SNR improve 150% at throughput. Based on this approach, the execution shows a significant increase in parallel transmission capacity when implemented on GPU. Also, the implementation shows scalable aspects that allow increasing the performance to Gb/s by insertion of others parallels devices (GPUs) in the system.

Concrete is one of the most used building materials in the world because of its good properties. However, cement which is one of the main components in concrete, produces a high amount of heat during the hydration process. The generated heat leads to temperature rise inside the structure. This temperature rise becomes an issue for massive concrete structures, such as hydropower plants and dams, since natural cooling is no longer sufficient. In combination with restrained boundary conditions, increasing temperatures result in tensile stresses causing thermal cracking of the structure. Reducing thermal cracking in a restrained massive concrete structure can be done by lowering or controlling the temperature rise. Several methods of cooling can be used to achieve this. These methods may be divided in pre-cooling and post-cooling methods. To pre-cool concrete the cement content can be reduced by replacing it with mineral additions such as limestone, fly ash, silica fume and ground granulated blast furnace slag. Another method is to increase the size of the aggregates or to pre-cool the aggregates. Ice can also be used to reduce the temperature at casting the concrete and reduce the amount of water that is needed in the mix. The main post-cooling method is cooling pipes, with cold water circulating in the pipes to cool the structure. This master thesis project focuses on comparing the possible methods to reduce the temperature in massive concrete structures. Simulations with the computer program HACON were performed to analyse the effect of these methods. The results from this study showed that cooling pipes gave the best reduction of the maximum temperature and the maximum temperature gradient by 42 % and 76 %, respectively. However, if cooling pipes were to be avoided, the best result of the studied mineral additions was with a replacement of 30 % fly ash resulting in almost the same reduction in maximum temperature but less than one third of the reduction in the gradient. The reduction obtained with fly ash was not as efficient as cooling pipes; therefore appropriate combinations of different pre-cooling methods were also studied. The results of the combination of fly ash, ice, and larger aggregates showed even better reduction of the maximum temperature reduction compared to cooling pipes. The results also showed that the obtained temperature reductions were almost independent from the thickness of the structure. This conclusion is however only valid for massive structures, where cases with 1.5 and 3.0 m were analysed. Further study may be on finding suitable combination of pre-cooling methods to avoid the use of cooling pipes, as well as analysing the cost for the different pre-cooling methods. / Betong är ett av de mest använda byggmaterialen i världen, tack vare dess goda egenskaper. Cement, som är en av huvudkomponenterna i betong, genererar en stor värmeutveckling under hydratationen. Värmeutveckling som genereras leder till temperaturhöjningar i strukturen. Denna temperaturhöjning blir således ett problem för massiva betong- konstruktioner, såsom vattenkraftverk och dammar, på grund av att den naturliga avkylningen inte längre är tillräcklig för att avlägsna värmen. I kombination med yttre och inre tvång resulterar högre temperaturer i dragspänningar som orsakar sprickor i strukturen. Minskningen av sprickbildning i en fastgjuten massiv betongstruktur kan ske genom att minska eller reglera temperaturhöjningen. För att göra det kan flera kylmetoder användas. Dessa metoder kan delas in i förberedande kylning och efterkylning. Med förberedande kylning kan cementhalten i betong reduceras genom ersättning med mineraltillsatser såsom kalksten, flygaska, silikastoft eller markgranulerad masugnsslagg. En annan metod är att öka ballastens storlek eller att kyla ballasten. Is kan användas både för att minska temperaturen vid gjutning av betong och reducera mängden vatten som behövs i blandningen. Den vanligaste efterkylningsmetoden är användning av kylrör med cirkulerande kallt vatten för att kyla strukturen, dvs. utan att ändra mängden värme som produceras av cementhydratationen. Denna uppsats ämnar jämföra olika metoder för att reducera temperaturen i massiva betongkonstruktioner. Simuleringar har genomförts med datorprogrammet HACON i syfte att analysera inverkan av olika metoder. Resultaten från studien visade att kylrör gav den bästa minskningen av den maximala temperaturen och den maximala reduktionen av temperaturgradienten med 42 % respektive 76 %. Om kylrör ska undvikas erhålls det bästa resultatet vid användning av 30 % flygaska, vilket resulterade i en snarlik minskning i maximal temperatur med mindre än en tredjedel av reduktionen av gradienten. Då reduceringen med flygaska inte var lika effektiv som med kylrör har lämpliga kombinationer av olika förberedande kylmetoder studerats. Resultatet av kombinationen med flygaska, is och större ballast visade en ännu effektivare minskning av den maximala temperaturreduceringen jämfört med kylrör. Vidare visade resultaten även att de erhållna temperaturreduceringarna nästan var oberoende av konstruktionens tjocklek. Denna slutsats kan endast tillämpas för massiva konstruktioner, där fall med en 1.5 och 3.0 m tjock vägg analyserades. Fortsatta studier kan vara att hitta fler lämpliga kombinationer av förberedande kylmetoder för att undvika användning av kylrör, liksom att analysera kostnaden för de olika förberedande kylmetoderna.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:30:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KleberMazziero.pdf: 2010236 bytes, checksum: 7c860fbe0dc3b73fe0bad6e94589e597 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-06 / The paper approaches the aesthetic-discursive impoverishment of massive popular song in Brazilian television media, comparing the historical-media-musical context of the 1960s and 1970s and the context of the first half of the second decade of this century. To delimit the discursive impoverishment was defined the concept of unmusicalization of television media. This work, of theoretical nature, aims to point out that the television media has a key role and important part of the responsibility for the impoverishment of discourse in the construction of Brazilian popular music. To do so, first, by analyzing poetic-aesthetic structural elements of musical and literary language of a popular song, was delimited the kind of structured musical work with poetic concern, that imparts an aesthetic standard of excellence. These songs were offered by the Television in the 60s and 70s, today no more. Afterwards, through research literature, documentary and empirical, describes analytical and interpretative way the historical period in which occurred the unmusicalization of television media. Finally, it is concluded that from the popularization of the Internet and the proliferation of various media that allow the access, storage, sharing musical repertoires and, above all, the listening on the move, the mass popular brazilian song, composed with concern poetic no more be longer present in Television and went on to appear in several other media. This broad presence of music in digital media was defined by the concept of hyper-mediatization of music, that would be a component of the unmusicalization of television media / O trabalho aborda o empobrecimento estético-discursivo da canção popular massiva exposta na mídia televisiva brasileira, na comparação entre o contexto histórico-midiático-musical das décadas de 1960 e 1970 e o contexto da primeira metade da segunda década do século XXI. Para definir tal empobrecimento discursivo encontrou-se o conceito de desmusicalização da mídia televisiva . O trabalho, de natureza teórica, tem como objetivo apontar que a mídia televisiva tem papel preponderante e parte importante da responsabilidade pelo empobrecimento na construção do discurso da música popular brasileira. Para tanto, primeiramente, por meio da análise poético-estética dos elementos estruturais das linguagens musical e literária de uma canção popular, delimitou-se a espécie de obra musical estruturada com acuro poético, que a ela empresta um padrão estético de excelência. Tais canções tinham espaços de veiculação nas grades de programação da mídia televisiva de outrora e nos dias atuais não mais os têm. Em seguida, por meio de pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e empírica, descreve-se de modo analítico-interpretativo o período histórico em que ocorreu essa desmusicalização da mídia. Por fim, constata-se que a partir da popularização da Internet e da proliferação de diversas mídias que permitem ao ouvinte o acesso, o armazenamento, o compartilhamento de repertórios musicais e, sobretudo, a audição em movimento, a canção popular massiva pautada pelo acuro poético deixou de estar presente na mídia televisiva e passou a figurar em outras diversas mídias. Essa ampla presença da Música nas mídias digitais definiu-se pelo conceito de hipermidiatização da música, que seria um dos componentes da desmusicalização da mídia televisiva.

In the construction industry, concrete is the most common material, because of its good properties such as compressive strength and endurance. Concrete is a composition of several different materials where one of the main components is cement. When the hydration process starts, large amount of heat is generated. This leads to temperature rise within the structure. The heat development that takes place can become critical for massive structures such as dams and power plants, where natural cooling is not sufficient. This in combination with internal and external restraint resulting in tensions causing cracks in the structure. By controlling the temperature development, one can reduce the risk of cracking in massive structures. The controlling is divided into pre-cooling and post-cooling. Reduction of the risk for thermal cracking can be done in different ways. Parts of the cement in the concrete can be replaced by a pozzolan material such as silica fume, blast furnace slag or fly ash. Another method is to increase the size of the aggregates which makes it possible to reduce the cement content with remained strength. Cooling the aggregates or use of ice can also be used as a pre-cooling methods. The most common post-cooling method is the installation of cooling pipes. Pipes are installed between the reinforcement bars, in which one then pump through with cold water. This thesis aims at practicing the methods examined by Lagundžija & Thiam (2017). Focusing on those results that proved to be most effective, i.e. the combination of fly ash, ice and large aggregates. The results retrieved during the tests shows a significant increase in the compressive strength when using a combination of fly ash, ice and large aggregates. This gives us the opportunity to reduce the initial cement content. Reducing the cement content is the most effective factor regarding the heat development. When replacing amounts of the water with ice, it can be seen that the initial casting temperature was reduced. Further studies can be done to find the right amount of reduction of the cement that can be done while maintaining the required compressive strength. / Inom byggbranschen är betong det mest förekommande materialet, detta tack vare dess goda egenskaper, som till exempel tryckhållfasthet och uthållighet. Betongen utgörs av flera olika beståndsdelar där den centrala komponenten är cement. När cementets hydratationsprocess startar utvecklas en markant värmeutveckling. Detta leder till temperaturhöjningar inuti den nygjutna konstruktionen. Värmeutvecklingen kan bli kritisk för grövre konstruktioner, som till exempel dammar och kraftverk, där naturlig avkylning inte är tillräcklig. Detta i kombination med att inre och yttre tvång resulterar i dragspänningar som orsakar sprickor i konstruktionen. Genom att styra temperaturutvecklingen kan man minska risken för sprickbildning i massiva konstruktioner. Styrningen delas in i förberedande kylning och efterkylning. Reduktion av risken för termisk sprickbildning kan ske på olika sätt. Delar av cementen i betongen kan ersättas med ett puzzolant material som till exempel silikatstoft, masugnsslagg eller flygaska. En annan metod är att öka ballaststorleken vilket gör det möjligt att minska cementhalten med kvarvarande hållfasthet. Man kan även kyla ballasten alternativt blanda in is i mixen för att sänka den initiala temperaturen. Den mest förekommande efterkylningsmetoden är installation av kylrör. Det monteras in rör mellan armeringsjärnen, vilket man sedan pumpar kallt vatten igenom. Denna uppsats syftar på att praktiskt tillämpa de metoder som undersöktes av Lagundžija & Thiam (2017). Fokus på de resultat som visade sig vara mest effektiva, dvs kombinationen av flygaska, is och grov ballast. Resultaten som uppnåddes under de tester som utfördes visar en markant ökning i tryckhållfastheten vid användning av kombinationen med flygaska, is och grov ballast. Detta ger oss utrymmet att reducera den initiala cementhalten som används. Att minska cementinnehållet är den faktor som ger störst effekt gällande värmeutvecklingen. Fortsatta studier kan göras för att hitta rätt mängd reduktion av cementet som kan göras samtidigt som anvisad tryckhållfasthet bibehålls.

[pt] Esse trabalho realiza uma extensa revisão bibliográfica da literatura, onde pontos de inovação são observados e novas soluções para os principais problemas no uplink são propostas. Baseados no algoritmo adaptativo Recursive Least Squares (RLS), são apresentadas duas variações regularizadas que conjuntamente detectam a atividade e decodificam os sinais dos dispositivos, sem a necessidade de estimação explícita do canal. Além disso, duas técnicas de detecção por listas são desenvolvidas de modo a refinar o processo de ajuste dos pesos do algoritmo RLS e assim mitigar possíveis propagações de erros. Dividindo o problema em grafos fatoriais, são propostos algoritmos baseados em troca de mensagens de modo a realizar conjuntamente a estimação de canal e detecção de atividade. Além de uma nova derivação das mensagens, são exploradas técnicas de agendamento dinâmico, com base na convergência do algoritmo. Por fim, é apresentada uma solução completa baseada na troca de mensagens, que realiza conjuntamente a estimação de canal, detecção de atividade e decodificação dos dados transmitidos. Resultados numéricos são fornecidos com o objetivo de comparar o desempenho dos algoritmos propostos aos existentes na literatura. Análises de complexidade computacional, evolução dos estados, convergência e ordem de diversidade também são realizadas, assim como a derivação da soma das taxas para o uplink. Por fim, são apresentadas as conclusões obtidas dos trabalhos realizados e discutidas direções para trabalhos futuros. / [en] This work, presents an extensive literature review that highlights innovation opportunities and presents novel solutions for the main uplink mMTC problems. Based on the adaptive Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm, the proposed regularized techniques jointly performs activity detection and signal decoding, without the need to perform explicit channel estimation. In order to improve the detection performance, a list detection technique that uses two candidate-list schemes is developed. Rewriting the problem with factor-graphs, novel message-passing algorithms with dynamic scheduling that jointly estimates the channels and detects devices activity are proposed. Lastly, a complete message-passing solution is presented, where LDPC decoding beliefs are introduced in the system, in a way that the algorithm besides the channel estimation and activity detection, also jointly decodes the signals. In order to evaluate the proposed techniques, numerical results are provided as well as a computational complexity, state-evolution, convergence and a diversity analysis. Uplink sum-rate expressions that take into account metadata collisions, interference and a variable activity probability for each user are also derived. Finally, conclusions and future directions are discussed.