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published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Computer Science and Information Systems / Master / Master of Philosophy

Thesis (MScEng) -- Stellenbosch University, 2003. / INTRODUCTION: The Medical Radiation department at iThemba LABS provides proton beam therapy facilities for irradiation of intracranial, head and neck lesions. Proton radiation treatment offers a number of advantages over alternative radiation therapy modal- ities. The most significant advantage is the ability to localize the dose to the lesion or target volume [16]. Lesions are located by means of medical imaging processes, such as Computer Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. Patient treatment commences at the existing treatment facility of iThemba LABS. The patient positioning system that is currently in use at this facility was designed for only one horizontal beam delivery system and a limited number of treatment positions. The possibility of acquiring an additional beam delivery system and im- proving the utilization of the system resulted in plans to expand the current proton therapy capabilities. These plans resulted in the development of a new treatment vault, complete with a new patient positioning system. The new vault will cater for two beam delivery systems and expand current treatment positions.

Leung, Yiu Cho Joseph. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-118). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.viii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xiii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xv / Chapter CHAPTER 1: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER 2: --- VIRTUAL PATIENT AND IT USES AROUND THE WORLD --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1: --- Introduction --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2: --- Advantages of Virtual Patient --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2.1: --- Improved Access to Learning Material --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2.2: --- Development of Higher Order Learning Skills --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2.3: --- Provide an Environment for Safe Practice --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2.4: --- Efficient Use of Teacher's Time --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2.5: --- Teach Interdisciplinary Care --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2.6: --- Used for Assessment --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3: --- Categorizing Virtual Patients --- p.8 / Chapter 2.4: --- Virtual Patient Authoring System --- p.9 / Chapter 2.5: --- Virtual Patients Authoring Systems around the World --- p.10 / Chapter 2.5.1: --- Introduction --- p.10 / Chapter 2.5.2: --- The CASUS System --- p.10 / Chapter 2.5.3: --- The CAMPUS System --- p.10 / Chapter 2.5.4: --- Web-SP --- p.11 / Chapter 2.5.5: --- OpenLabyrinth --- p.11 / Chapter 2.5.6: --- vpSim --- p.12 / Chapter 2.5.7: --- Others Centres Using VPs --- p.12 / Chapter CHAPTER 3: --- FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT CASES STUDIES --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1: --- History of FACS --- p.13 / Chapter 3.2: --- FACS Authoring System --- p.13 / Chapter 3.3: --- Teaching and Learning Resources Centre --- p.16 / Chapter CHAPTER 4: --- ANAESTHESIA TEACHING IN CUHK --- p.18 / Chapter 4.1: --- Introduction --- p.18 / Chapter 4.2: --- E-learning in Anaesthesia in CUHK --- p.19 / Chapter 4.2.1: --- Introduction: --- p.19 / Chapter 4.2.2: --- Preoperative Assessment FACS --- p.19 / Chapter 4.2.3: --- Storyline Virtual Patient --- p.23 / Chapter 4.3: --- Preparing the VPs --- p.27 / Chapter 4.3.1: --- Introduction --- p.27 / Chapter 4.3.2: --- Focus Group Interview --- p.28 / Chapter 4.3.3: --- Summary of Findings --- p.29 / Chapter 4.4.1: --- Methods --- p.29 / Chapter 4.4.2: --- Results --- p.31 / Chapter 4.4.2.1: --- Student Usage --- p.31 / Chapter 4.4.2.2: --- Surveys --- p.32 / Chapter CHAPTER 5: --- ACUTE PAIN MANAGEMENT VIRTUAL PATIENTS --- p.37 / Chapter 5.1: --- Introduction --- p.37 / Chapter 5.2: --- Acute Pain Management FACS --- p.38 / Chapter 5.3: --- Storyline Virtual Patient Chapter 6 --- p.40 / Chapter CHAPTER 6: --- COMPARING FACS AND SL-VP ON APM (2009-2010) --- p.41 / Chapter 6.1: --- Introduction --- p.41 / Chapter 6.2: --- Study Design --- p.42 / Chapter 6.2.1: --- Background Information --- p.42 / Chapter 6.2.2: --- Research Plan --- p.43 / Chapter 6.3: --- Hypothesis --- p.44 / Chapter 6.4: --- Module MCQ Examination --- p.44 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- Administration of Test: --- p.44 / Chapter 6.4.2 --- IDEAL Programme: --- p.46 / Chapter 6.5: --- Module MEQ Examination --- p.51 / Chapter 6.6: --- Final MEQ Examination --- p.52 / Chapter 6.7: --- Login Data --- p.52 / Chapter 6.8: --- Survey --- p.53 / Chapter 6.9: --- Student-Teacher Questionnaire --- p.53 / Chapter 6.10: --- Results and Findings --- p.54 / Chapter 6.10.1: --- Introduction --- p.54 / Chapter 6.10.2 --- Module MCQ Examination --- p.55 / Chapter 6.10.2.1: --- Result --- p.55 / Chapter 6.10.2.2: --- Discussion --- p.58 / Chapter 6.10.3: --- Module MEQ Examination --- p.59 / Chapter 6.10.3.1: --- Result --- p.59 / Chapter 6.10.3.2: --- Discussion --- p.61 / Chapter 6.10.4.1: --- Result --- p.62 / Chapter 6.10.4.2: --- Discussion --- p.67 / Chapter 6.10.5: --- Login Time --- p.68 / Chapter 6.10.5.1: --- Result --- p.68 / Chapter 6.10.5.2: --- Discussion --- p.69 / Chapter 6.10.6: --- Survey --- p.70 / Chapter 6.10.6.1: --- Usage --- p.70 / Chapter 6.10.6.2: --- E-Learning Material from Anaesthesia Department --- p.71 / Chapter 6.10.6.3: --- Comparisons between FACS and SL-VP --- p.72 / Chapter 6.10.6.4: --- Improving Students for their Future Role as Surgical House Officers --- p.73 / Chapter 6.10.6.5: --- Students' opinion on teaching methods --- p.74 / Chapter 6.10.6.6: --- Free text comments --- p.74 / Chapter 6.10.6.7: --- Discussion --- p.75 / Chapter 6.10.7: --- Student-Teacher Questionnaire --- p.77 / Chapter 6.10.7.1: --- Result --- p.77 / Chapter 6.11: --- Discussion --- p.78 / Chapter 6.11.1: --- VPs on students' examination outcome --- p.78 / Chapter 6.11.2: --- Comparing between FACS and SL-VP --- p.79 / Chapter 7.1: --- Introduction --- p.82 / Chapter 7.2: --- Study Design --- p.82 / Chapter 7.3: --- Research Plan --- p.83 / Chapter 7.3.1: --- Module MCQ Examination --- p.84 / Chapter 7.3.2: --- Module MEQ Examination --- p.84 / Chapter 7.3.3: --- Final MEQ Examination --- p.84 / Chapter 7.4: --- Hypothesis --- p.85 / Chapter 7.5: --- Result and Findings --- p.85 / Chapter 7.5.1: --- Introduction --- p.85 / Chapter 7.4.2: --- Module MCQ Examination --- p.85 / Chapter 7.4.2.1: --- Result --- p.85 / Chapter 7.4.2.2: --- Discussion --- p.88 / Chapter 7.4.3: --- Module MEQ Examination --- p.89 / Chapter 7.4.3.1: --- Result --- p.89 / Chapter 7.4.3.2: --- Discussion --- p.90 / Chapter 7.4.4: --- Final MEQ Examination --- p.91 / Chapter 7.4.4.1: --- Result --- p.91 / Chapter 7.4.4.2: --- Discussion --- p.92 / Chapter 7.5: --- Conclusion --- p.93 / Chapter CHAPTER 8: --- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION --- p.94 / Chapter 8.1: --- Summary of thesis --- p.94 / Chapter 8.2: --- Limitation --- p.94 / Chapter 8.3: --- Conclusion --- p.95 / APPENDIX --- p.96 / REFERENCES --- p.116

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Cancer is still among those diseases that prominently contribute to the numerous deaths that are caused each year. But as technology and research is reaching new zeniths in the present times, cure or early detection of cancer is possible. The detection of rare cells can help understand the origin of many diseases. The current study deals with one such technology that is used for the capture or effective separation of these rare cells called Lab-on-a-chip microchip technology. The isolation and capture of rare cells is a problem uniquely suited to microfluidic devices, in which geometries on the cellular length scale can be engineered and a wide range of chemical functionalizations can be implemented. The performance of such devices is primarily affected by the chemical interaction between the cell and the capture surface and the mechanics of cell-surface collision and adhesion. This study focuses on the fundamental adhesion and transport mechanisms in rare cell-capture microdevices, and explores modern device design strategies in a transport context. The biorheology and engineering parameters of cell adhesion are defined; chip geometries are reviewed. Transport at the microscale, cell-wall interactions that result in cell motion across streamlines, is discussed. We have concentrated majorly on the fluid dynamics design of the chip. A simplified description of the device would be to say that the chip is at micro scale. There are posts arranged on the chip such that the arrangement will lead to a higher capture of rare cells. Blood consisting of rare cells will be passed through the chip and the posts will pose as an obstruction so that the interception and capture efficiency of the rare cells increases. The captured cells can be observed by fluorescence microscopy. As compared to previous studies of using solid microposts, we will be incorporating a new concept of cylindrical shell micropost. This type of micropost consists of a solid inner core and the annulus area is covered with a forest of silicon nanopillars. Utilization of such a design helps in increasing the interception and capture efficiency and reducing the hydrodynamic resistance between the cells and the posts. Computational analysis is done for different designs of the posts. Drag on the microposts due to fluid flow has a great significance on the capture efficiency of the chip. Also, the arrangement of the posts is important to contributing to the increase in the interception efficiency. The effects of these parameters on the efficiency in junction with other factors have been studied and quantified. The study is concluded by discussing design strategies with a focus on leveraging the underlying transport phenomena to maximize device performance.