Includes bibliographical references and index.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, August, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-129).

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

No description available.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Regulation of integrative and complementary medicine Student: Eva Škulková Tutor: PharmDr. Jitka Pokladníková, Ph.D. Dept. of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, the Czech Republic Background: The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is high 76% and it is rising. In the Czech Republic, there are no legislation or general standards that would ensure uniform requirements for providing CAM. At present, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of how CAM methods are provided. Aim: To determine the level of regulation of the most commonly used CAM methods in the Czech Republic. Methods: The level of regulation has been evaluated according to regulatory criteria based on requirements for healthcare professionals. The list of the researched methods is based on foreign studies and at the same time specific CAM methods for the Czech Republic were added. Specific methods were selected by the expert group. The data was obtained by searching the Internet using The Google. The obtained data was processed in MS Excel using descriptive statistics. Results: Altogether, 98 CAM methods were searched. Of these, 28 methods were excluded from the evaluation, 70 methods were evaluated according to the criteria, and 2 methods were double...

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Waikato, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 254-273) Also available via the World Wide Web.

Although the female menopause has been extensively characterized as a well-defined symptomatic state of oestrogen deficiency, which responds relatively well to oestrogen replacement therapy, the symptomatic state of androgen deficiency in men is poorly defined and uncertainty exists whether it responds to testosterone replacement. It has been proposed that hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT)-axis function (responsible for the production of androgens) and regulation could be viewed as a ‘barometer’ of health status in older men and that potential alterations in HPT-axis function and regulation reflect subclinical and clinical deficits in function and health, which may result in an aged phenotype of human health and disease in older men. The HPT-axis constitutes a well-defined, tractable, clinically-relevant, biological system, which may permit insight into the mechanisms underlying the expression of ageing-related phenotypes of human health and disease. By using a different lens – such as the genetic background; the compensatory responses within the HPT-axis; the syndromes of androgen deficiency; the ethnic background of an individual or the life course trajectory of function and health from conception into older age – to magnify potential dysregulation in the HPT-axis will it be possible to visualize and understand the phenotypic expression of human male ageing as a gradient of functional and health outcomes. This will allow for a better understanding of the physiological mechanics underlying symptomatic expression of dysregulation in the HPT-axis.