Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent malignant tumour of head and neck. Prognostic and predictive information as an individual imprint of molecular-genetic analysis of HNSCC will help to determine the best indivicual treatment. And in case of surgical appraoch the optimal resection with adequate quality of life and long-term survival. Study of early cancerogenesis in our project is based on knowledge, that histological normal mucosa next to tumor shows preneoplastic molecular alterations. Molecular genetic changes in a histological normal mucosa harbouring a tumor may play a principal role in revealing of early cancerogenesis process. Molecular-genetic analysis of cancerogenesis in HNSCC reveals prognostic and predictive factors, which are necessary for evaluation and decission for the best individual treatment. This is the concept of tailored medicine The text summarizes current knowledge of early cancerogenesis in HNSCC and presents molecular-biological trends, which are necessary to discover details of early cancerogenesis and thus to get a tool for better detection as well as treatment of malignant disease. The study is based on fragment analysis of microsatelites lesions in tumor tissue in comparison to adjacent mucosa and the healthy mucosa. Results show significant molecular-biological...