Thesis (M. Dev.) -- University of the North, 2001 / Refer to document

La présente recherche se situe dans une approche ethnographique du terrain orientée vers une approche interactionnelle, à partir de données audio-visuelles recueillies pendant trois ans, constituant un corpus assez riche pour documenter l’objet empirique sur lequel elle porte : préparation, entrainement et véritable entretien d’embauche. Il s’agit ainsi d’analyser les pratiques langagières structurées à la fois par, pour et dans leur contexte de production, plutôt que leur discours ou bien les représentations ou les attentes normatives qui s’en dégagent. Je développe des exemples d’analyse qui nourrissent des réflexions sur les pratiques d’apprentissage mises en œuvre durant la formation au français à visée professionnelle au sein d’une association parisienne dont une des activités aide les migrants à préparer les entretiens d’embauche. Le terrain ainsi conçu est approfondi à travers l’attention que je porte au lien réflexif entre ses différentes composantes : préparation, simulation et entretiens réels. Le but là, est d’observer l’écart entre le modèle (simulation) et les vrais entretiens d’embauche, de comprendre l’évolution de la figure du recruteur d’un entretien à l’autre, et de caractériser les solutions que les participants co-construisent. Ce faisant, ce travail de recherche ouvre un espace d’intersection entre une activité associative de formation des migrants, la rencontre de ceux-ci avec des employeurs et le regard universitaire sur ces faits. Le produit de cette intersection est analysé de façon à documenter l’écart entre les attentes du recruteur et les réponses des candidats dans un terrain peu exploré jusqu’à présent : celui d’un monde solidaire. / Based on three years’ worth of audio-visual recordings, the research presented in this paper represents a rich corpus of ethnographic fieldwork oriented towards an interactional approach. This research therefore documents the very empirical object which it seeks to interrogate: the job interview (including preparation and training job interviews, as well as actual interviews). The research presented here analyses language practices that are structured by, for and in their context of production, rather than by any discourses, cultural preconceptions or expectations we might have about job interviews themselves. In the research I develop examples which shed light on learning practices employed by one Parisian organisation which assists migrants to prepare for a professional life in France. Further, the analyses I propose are deepened through the focus I bring to bear on the reflexive link between the three different components: interview preparation, mock job interviews and real interviews. The aim here is to observe the ‘gap’ between the model (i.e. the simulation) and real job interviews, to understand the evolution of the figure of the recruiter from one interview to another, and also to identify solutions that participants co-construct. In doing so, this research opens a line of enquiry into the intersection between community level training of migrants, their encounters with employers and the academic take on these facts. The product of this intersection is analysed in such a way as to document the gap between the expectations of recruiters and the responses of candidates in a field that has been little explored until now: the world of social activism.

The patterns of paid and unpaid work adopted by migrants families with dependent children are more or less similar to that of prevailing working pattern of men and women of Australian born couples. A case study with 28 couple families, 14 husbands and 14 wives who migrated from Nepal under "skill" or "professional" category and the literature review on paid and unpaid work of couple families with dependent children show that in both families the trend of change of working pattern in paid and unpaid work is similar. With the increased participation of married women in the paid labour force, men increased participation in household work. There is increased household work for both husbands and wives, but women tend to do more household "inside" and childcare work than men. In the mean time, men tend to do more work in the "masculine" sphere of "outside" work in house maintenance, repair and car care. The only factor that differentiates working pattern of migrant families with Australian born families is the experience of migration and the category that they migrated. The change of working practice of paid and unpaid work of migrant families are affected by the change of family type from extended family to two generational family and their education and previous work experience that they brought along with them. Professional migrants who migrated family as a "unit" migrated spouse and dependent children together and they made their own decision to migrate, unlike other categories of migrants who migrated from political or economic pressure. One of the important experiences of migrant families is that there are new opportunity, new lifestyle, new intimacy and companionship and new sharing of work between husbands and wives after migration. At the same time, there are losses of extended family relatives, close friends and cultural event which affects their day to day lives. There are Australian based friends who provided support in the initial period of migration but these families do not provide regular assistance or support which family relatives provided in Nepal.

Migrant workers' inequality generates many social issues like Why Migrant workers' children spend more tuition in cities than urban workers' ones since they are all Chinese? As workers in cities shared with the same workload and hours, why migrant workers can only obtain low wages, less job offers and exclusion from social security? In the circumstance of financial crisis, why migrant workers are the first to be unemployed? These long-standing issues always cause social concern and accordingly become motives for the study. The article not only describes migrant workers' livelihood, but also aims at the comparative study between them and urban workers. The finding demonstrated migrant workers are relatively weak upon wages, employment opportunity, their children 's education level and social welfare. Such unfair treatment could be attributed to migrant workers' identity problems¡Bhighly variable labor market and incomplete policy implementation. China 's economy and related policy changes yearly since its reform and opening-up policy, however, they are not fully consider migrant workers factor. Besides, limited with its self-interest, local government's policy implementation shows discrepancy from central counterpart's intention. With vicious circle potential which might affect society in many aspects, government should focus on migrant workers' unfair treatment improvement. The research finding could benefit reader's comprehensive understanding upon migrant workers' core issues. Furthermore, China government's solution could be meaningful references for the improvement of Taiwanese business's migrant workers treatment and Taiwan government's foreign-labor policy.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Economic remittances are money transfers worldwide from migrants to their country of origin. This study aimed to examine which significance the remittance has for the sender. How do the senders describe their experiences of remittances, what strategies are used in the process of remitting and how has the migrants’ social and economic situation in the host country been affected by remitting? The issues were answered through six semi-structured interviews with remitting migrants. The theoretical approach consisted of the concepts transnational social space, reciprocity and social exclusion. The findings were that remittances had great value to the senders with both negative and positive outcomes. Strategies formed to live up to expectations to remit were group wise, long-term and practical. Remittances had an impact on choices regarding recreational activities, housing and employment. Our conclusion is that remitting is an important act to maintain the bond to the country of origin, despite economic and social sacrifices. Being a participant in dual social worlds in which social and economic conditions differ shapes the experienced requirement to remitt.  Remittance cannot be seen as a sole factor for placing senders in social exclusion, though it can limit the sender economically and socially.

In the context of critical development communication, the processes are discussed centering two key constructs including 'power' and 'dialogic praxis' in the analytical frame for this research. In addition, theories and practices of immigrant media and social movements provide constructive perspectives discussing characteristics forms of collective actions for immigrant communities (local-global, transnational, and heterogeneous; roles of immigrant media (movement resource and cultural resource) in a host society. However, we are less informed about communication processes for migrant agents to construct migrant social movement. Much less is discussed about communication processes and their implications of media communications of immigrant media. Thus, to bridge the theoretical and practical gaps, this dissertation research attempt to contextualize communication processes of an immigrant media, MWTV, engaged in the migrant social movement in order to explore how relatively powerless migrant agents develop alternative forms and ways of praxis for social change through their media communications. Throughout two field research, this particular research could identify a 'asymmetric power structure' formed through the relations between diverse social agencies related to the processes for social changes for the immigrant communities in Korea, which induce 'the mediated praxis' shaping 'asymmetric solidarity,' 'objectification of the migrant agents,' and 'assimilation of movement culture.' Then, the immigrant media, MWTV have been developed to 'remediate' existing dominant forms and ways of social changes constitutive of 'dialogic praxis' of the foreign agents. Thus, media communication of immigrant media is viewed as conscious collective actions to 'remediate mediated praxis' for social and cultural change in a host society rather than mere symbolic resources for social or cultural reorientation. It means that the flexible, collaborator, and reflective communication structure of MWTV are deliberately reconstructed not as 'conditions' but as 'consequences' of critical reflection on mediated praxis. / text

The purpose of this study was to describe, explicate, and systematically analyze the culture care values, beliefs, and practices of migrant farm workers related to health promoting behaviors in context of their temporary living accommodations and work setting in two small towns in east central Indiana. The goal of this study was to generate knowledge regarding culture care values, beliefs, and practices of migrant farm workers related to health promoting behaviors. Such knowledge can be used by nurses to provide culturally congruent care which can influence migrant farm workers' health and well-being.The theoretical framework for the study was Leininger's Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality. The qualitative ethnonursing research method was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using both an ethnonursing inquiry guide and an ethno-demographic information guide developed by the researcher.Sixteen key informants and three general informants participated in the study. Informants were purposefully selected for knowledge of migrant farm life and willingness to share this knowledge with the researcher. Key informants were Mexican American migrant farm workers in east central Indiana for farm and tomato factory work from July through October, 2004. General informants were health and social service workers who provided care for the migrant farm workers. Three key informants were interviewed twice each. All other informants were interviewed once. Interviews took place in the informants' homes and at a local food pantry. Interviews were audio taped and transcribed verbatim.Four major themes were synthesized from the research data: (a) health promoting behaviors are recognized and valued by migrant farm workers but are influenced by economic and political/legal factors in the social structure; (b) traditional gender roles of migrant farm worker men and women influence health promoting behaviors; (c) professional caring is viewed by migrant farm workers as respect through the use of the Spanish language and acceptance of culture care values, beliefs, and practices; and (d) health promoting behavior of migrant farm workers is influenced both by traditional culture care values and beliefs and by knowledge acquired through diverse formal and informal education. Findings were discussed in relation to Leininger's three modes of culture care action for nurses: culture care preservation/maintenance, accommodation/negotiation, and repatterning/restructuring. / Department of Educational Studies

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