Microfinance has been seen as a key tool for poverty reduction in developing countries. Target groups of microfinance are very poor people who have no access to any financial resources and need loans. Microcredits help the poor in running their small businesses or in a creation of its own job opportunities. The loans are often embezzlemented, are not financial sustainable in the long term, and are frequently critised. The question is if microfinance is real universal cure and which influence has on elimination poverty and social even economical effect. It also considers a perspective of model preferences focused on business (conditional high interests, possibility to contact intermediaters, gaining easier access into external financial sources) or a charity (more resistant to crisis thanks to using internal financial sources). In general, Latin America has excellent conditions for microfinance; the macro-economic growth which countries in Latin America had shown during the last decades set up advantageous conditions for well-known microfinance institutions and its development. Microfinance sector contributes by its profits to the common financial institutions which have already got a significant position in the market. In principle, Mexico struggles for better conditions for the poorest class of the population and due to this fact offers products of microcredits as the assistance to start-up small businesses. From the economic point of view, Mexico tries to be much more self-sufficient and sustainable. Microfinance institutions earn regularly an undisputed importance in the process of regional expansion, representing a crucial factor in the alleviation of poverty likewise insecurity for large segments of the inhabitants. The work is based on information from relevant sources that can easily identify the current status of microfinance. This thesis researches the microfinancial sector and the program FINCA (Foundation for International Community Assistance), including causing non-governmental organizations in Mexico. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the current situation of functioning microfinance sector in selected Mexican states as well as to identify impacts of microfinance activities in this country. It describes microfinance sector due to its lack of opportunities to gain microcredit. Credit distribution and its awareness about these services is passed. Administrative procedures are difficult and information shortage restricts credit accessibility. This leads more in usage informal sector, based on family members or groups. The paper demonstrates suggestions for improving and operating in this sector that might be involved in legal framework for microfinance in Mexico.

Microbusiness is recognized as an important tool for economic growth especially in less developed countries. It is supposed that a lack of access to capital is one of the most prominent constraints of microentepreneurs. To address this limitation, many forms of loan guarantee programs have been established. This paper examines what demands are placed on an effective guarantee structure in this field and how these aims are accomplished by the current guarantee funds. In conclusion, the access to capital is getting better recently in these countries. Guarantee funds have been growing, however, their importance is not so significant yet. Guarantee funds have a potential to draw an attention of investors to microlending but the cost of these schemes seems to be too high.

The first chapter of this thesis is an introduction to issue of microfinance. This chapter is about characteristic, targets and social importance of microfinance loans and about birth and history where microfinance started to help and who is founder of microfinance. There is also describing of today's microfinance market, the distribution and characteristics every single microfinance regions: number of microfinance institution, gross loan portfolio and another main attribute for every region. The aim of next chapter is to review actual trends which are typical for microfinance sector. The most important trends are new products, separation microfinance institutions for profit and non-profit institutions, financial sources, rising regulation of microfinancial institution and changing quality of gross loan portfolio in time. The last chapter is about the quality of loan portfolio selected states from Latin Amerika and Asia where the impact of internal and macroeconomics variables to quality of gross loan portfolio is tested by regression model.

This diploma thesis focuses on microfinance, it's basic characteristics and general principles of it's function. It introduces microfinance approaches, development of microfinance, microfinancial services and microfinance providers. Two largest microfinance institutions in Bangladesh, Grameen bank a BRAC, illustrate how microfinance works, helps to empower the poor and reduces their poverty in one of the poorest countries in the world.

The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the debate on microfinance commercialization, using the case of Chile. Another purpose of this thesis consists in mapping the field of microfinance in Chile. The hypothesis that is examined in this study is whether the commercialization of microfinance in Chile has brought opportunities and trade-offs with respect to poverty alleviation in the country. The methodology used in order to gain understanding of several aspects of commercialization of the microfinance sector in Chile is descriptive statistics accompanied by a qualitative analysis of the demand side of microfinance. To this end, interviews were conducted with several microfinance institutions and specialists. The results of the study indicate that the commercialization of microfinance in Chile has indeed brought opportunities and trade-offs with respect to poverty alleviation in Chile. Two opportunities that this study defines, are the increase in the scale of outreach and the increase of geographical outreach. Secondly, in contrast to these opportunities, a tendency for the commercialized microfinance institutions to pay less attention to the poorest segment of the Chilean population, is defined as a trade-off of the commercialization of microfinance.

PLHOŇ, Tomáš. Analysis of microfinance in Czech nonprofit sector. Prague, 2011. 70 p. Diploma work (Mgr.) Charles University in Prague, Faculty of social sciences, Institut of sociology sciences. Department of public and social policy. Supervised by prof. PhDr. František Ochrana, DrSc. Abstract This thesis deals with the concept of microfinance and its development in the Czech nonprofit sector. In the first part the author deals with a brief description of this concept and its historical development over the last fifty years. Followed by analysis of itself, that tries to deal with the fact that despite the rapid global development of this worldwide phenomenon, microfinance in the Czech Republic is still a relatively new phenomenon. Author attempted semi structured interviews to map key players in the industry, discover their interests, attitudes, resources, and their declared objectives. The main point of the analysis is myElen.com, Czech internet portal, which is pretty much the main driver of all the happenings in the field of microfinance in this country. In conclusion the author offers an evaluation of analytical findings and suggests possible future steps to further exploration, as well as recommends the most appropriate steps in policy-making.