The work deals with preschool age and the M. Montessori view of the education. The aim is to point out the contributio24n of montessori materials and their use in nursery schools. The theoretic part describes the historic evolution of preschool education, psychological and sociological development of a child of preschool age, game and alternative programmes. I focused mainly on the M. Montessori pedagogy and described it theoretically. The practical part contains comparison of three chosen schools: NS Vokovická Praha 6, Montessori class in NS Meteorologická Praha and Montessori class in Tábor. In all these schools the montessori pedagogy principals are being applied. In these schools they work, not only, with original montessori materials, but also with other materials, which fulfill certain standards and also with some that were made by teachers themselves. In NS Vokovická toys are also being used. Despite some differences all of the schools agree on the basic thought: they put the child in the first position just like M. Montessori used to do.