The thesis is focused on the activity of children instrumental ensembles in the region of the capital city Prague. In the first chapter we are studying the role of a musical instrument during the development of musical education in Czech schools. The next chapter concerns with psychological aspect of the human personality. Musical skills and abilities acquired by playing musical instrument and especially engaging in an ensemble, where it is important to perceive every other person and instrument support its development. The teachers are also an important part of an ensemble. We are dealing with use of the musical instruments that are currently available for teachers at schools. The research part of the thesis is dedicated to the particular ensembles in the region of Prague. Our goal was to map and summarize what motivates children to play in the ensembles and to find out what leads people to found musical ensembles, what they expect their work to be like and what they would appreciate in their pedagogical experience.