Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1996. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [77]-87).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Cell Biology. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on July 25, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Brock University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-103).

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Tartu, 2006. / This dissertation is based on 3 papers. Vita.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Canterbury, 2008. / Typescript (photocopy). "August 2008." Includes bibliographical references (p. [201]-209). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-04-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:24:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 madeira_la_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 299234 bytes, checksum: ddfd95d09318aceb6faa10b802237e5c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Um fator atualmente relevante no estudo da qualidade da carne é o estudo da miosina, que é a proteína mais abundante no músculo, envolvida no crescimento muscular, desenvolvimento do animal, geração de força (contração muscular) e maciez da carne. Com este trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de carne e aspectos morfológicos das fibras musculares esqueléticas e perfil de miosina de cadeia pesada do músculo flexor longo do hálux, de quatro linhagens de frangos de corte, criados nos sistemas confinado e semi-confinado. O delineamento foi conduzido em fatorial 4x2, quatro linhagens (Ross 308, Máster Gris, Label Rouge e Vermelhão Pesado), dois sistemas de criação (confinamento e semi-confinamento), com quatro repetições por tratamento. Aos 28 e 84 dias de idade, foram abatidas quatro aves por tratamento, totalizando 64 aves. A técnica eletroforética separou somente duas isoformas de miosinas, tipo MyHC-I e MyHC-II, no músculo flexor longo do hálux dos frangos de corte. Com aumento da idade, aumentou a isoforma da miosina de cadeia pesada MyHC II e diminuiu a MyHC I. A expressão das isoformas de miosina de cadeia pesada não foram influenciadas pela linhagem e sistema de criação. Não se encontrou influencia do sistema de criação para pH, cor do peito e da coxa e características físicas do peito. Em relação às características físicas do peito, a linhagem Ross foi superior, e entre as linhagens tipo caipira, a vermelhão Pesado é que se destacou. Aves da linhagem Ross apresentaram maior peso vivo, peso de perna, peso e área do músculo flexor longo do hálux, em comparação as do tipo caipira. O maior teor de luminosidade ocorreu com aumento do pH. Com a maior porcentagem de MyHC-II, ocorreu o aumento do teor de luminosidade (L*) e de amarelo (b*), já com MyHC-I, ocorreu o inverso. / A factor now important in the study of the quality of the meat it is the study of the myosin, that is the most abundant protein in the muscle, involved in the muscular growth, development of the animal, generation of force (muscular contraction) and softness of the meat.This experiment aimed to evaluate meat quality and morphologic aspects of the skeletal muscular fibers and profile of heavy chain myosin of the flexor hallucis longus of the muscle, of four strains of cut chickens, servants in the systems confined and semi-confined. The experiment was conduted in factorial design 4x2, four strains (Ross 305, Máster Gris, Label Rouge and Vermelhao Pesado), two production systems (confinement and semi-confinement), with four replicates each treatment. To the 28, 84 days of age, they were maybe removed to the 4 birds for treatment, totaling 64 birds. With the technique applied electrophoresis, it was only possible to observe the separation of the myosins of the type MyHC-I and MyHC-II. With increase of the age it was observed an increase of the isoform of the heavy chain myosin MyHC II and decrease of MyHC I. the strain and the creation system did not influence the variable of heavy chain myosin (MyHC-I and MyHC-II). The creation system not influence the pH, color of the chest and of the thigh and characteristics physics of the chest. In relation to the characteristics physics of the chest, the commercial strain (Ross) it was higher, and enter the tacky strain the Heavy vermelhão it is that stood out. For the characteristics of alive weight, leg weight, weight and area of the muscle Flexor Long Hállucis, Ross was superior, and enter the strains tacky type there was not difference. And the color L* it was correlated with the pH. With the increase of the proportion of MyHC-II, it also increases...

Non-muscle myosin II (NM-II) is present in every cell type and moves actin filaments to provide contraction within the cell. NM-II has a motor domain, a neck domain that binds two light chains, a long coiled-coil tail domain, and a carboxyl-terminal tailpiece. NM-II forms bipolar filaments by associating near the carboxyl-terminus of the tail. It has long been known that both the formation of bipolar filaments and enzymatic activity of the motor domain are regulated by phosphorylation of one of the neck-binding light chains, known as the regulatory light chain (RLC). This phosphorylation causes a large-scale conformational shift of both the motor domains and the tail domain. However, the mechanism of this regulation and the elements that mediate the autoinhibition remain unknown. We have taken a deletional approach to finding the elements necessary for autoinhibition and regulation of filament assembly. We have used salt- dependent pelleting assays, cell culture, and analytical ultracentrifugation to identify two small regions in the IQ motifs of the neck and the carboxyl-terminal tailpiece that are essential for autoinhibition. Another necessary element for autoinhibition is the fold the coiled coil of the tail back on itself by means of hinge domains. We used internal deletions, pelleting assays, and thermal stability assays to identify and characterize the flexible hinge domains within the coiled-coil tail of NM-II. These hinges consist of low-stability regions of coiled coil, and can be stiffened by introducing mutations that cause the sequence to mimic a more ideal coiled coil. By defining these essential elements of autoinhibition, this work paves the way for a mechanistic understanding of the complex regulation of NM-II in the cell. This dissertation contains unpublished co-authored material. / 2015-07-11

Orientador: José Roberto Sartori / Banca: Edivaldo Antonio Garcia / Banca: Roberto de Oliveira Roça / Banca: José Henrique Stringhini / Banca: Vicente José Maria Savino / Resumo: Um fator atualmente relevante no estudo da qualidade da carne é o estudo da miosina, que é a proteína mais abundante no músculo, envolvida no crescimento muscular, desenvolvimento do animal, geração de força (contração muscular) e maciez da carne. Com este trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de carne e aspectos morfológicos das fibras musculares esqueléticas e perfil de miosina de cadeia pesada do músculo flexor longo do hálux, de quatro linhagens de frangos de corte, criados nos sistemas confinado e semi-confinado. O delineamento foi conduzido em fatorial 4x2, quatro linhagens (Ross 308, Máster Gris, Label Rouge e Vermelhão Pesado), dois sistemas de criação (confinamento e semi-confinamento), com quatro repetições por tratamento. Aos 28 e 84 dias de idade, foram abatidas quatro aves por tratamento, totalizando 64 aves. A técnica eletroforética separou somente duas isoformas de miosinas, tipo MyHC-I e MyHC-II, no músculo flexor longo do hálux dos frangos de corte. Com aumento da idade, aumentou a isoforma da miosina de cadeia pesada MyHC II e diminuiu a MyHC I. A expressão das isoformas de miosina de cadeia pesada não foram influenciadas pela linhagem e sistema de criação. Não se encontrou influencia do sistema de criação para pH, cor do peito e da coxa e características físicas do peito. Em relação às características físicas do peito, a linhagem Ross foi superior, e entre as linhagens tipo caipira, a vermelhão Pesado é que se destacou. Aves da linhagem Ross apresentaram maior peso vivo, peso de perna, peso e área do músculo flexor longo do hálux, em comparação as do tipo caipira. O maior teor de luminosidade ocorreu com aumento do pH. Com a maior porcentagem de MyHC-II, ocorreu o aumento do teor de luminosidade (L*) e de amarelo (b*), já com MyHC-I, ocorreu o inverso. / Abstract: A factor now important in the study of the quality of the meat it is the study of the myosin, that is the most abundant protein in the muscle, involved in the muscular growth, development of the animal, generation of force (muscular contraction) and softness of the meat.This experiment aimed to evaluate meat quality and morphologic aspects of the skeletal muscular fibers and profile of heavy chain myosin of the flexor hallucis longus of the muscle, of four strains of cut chickens, servants in the systems confined and semi-confined. The experiment was conduted in factorial design 4x2, four strains (Ross 305, Máster Gris, Label Rouge and Vermelhao Pesado), two production systems (confinement and semi-confinement), with four replicates each treatment. To the 28, 84 days of age, they were maybe removed to the 4 birds for treatment, totaling 64 birds. With the technique applied electrophoresis, it was only possible to observe the separation of the myosins of the type MyHC-I and MyHC-II. With increase of the age it was observed an increase of the isoform of the heavy chain myosin MyHC II and decrease of MyHC I. the strain and the creation system did not influence the variable of heavy chain myosin (MyHC-I and MyHC-II). The creation system not influence the pH, color of the chest and of the thigh and characteristics physics of the chest. In relation to the characteristics physics of the chest, the commercial strain (Ross) it was higher, and enter the tacky strain the Heavy vermelhão it is that stood out. For the characteristics of alive weight, leg weight, weight and area of the muscle Flexor Long Hállucis, Ross was superior, and enter the strains tacky type there was not difference. And the color L* it was correlated with the pH. With the increase of the proportion of MyHC-II, it also increases... / Doutor

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