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Refugee protection challenges in the era of globalization the case of Nairobi /Campbell, Elizabeth H. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Dept. of Sociology, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.
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Perception of occlusal appearance in 11 to 12 year-old school children in Nairobi, Kenya.Psiwa, Nathan Kitio January 2004 (has links)
A public orthodontic system generally is designed to prioritize patients so that those who have the greatest need receive treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the subjective perceptions of the occlusal appearance of 11 to 12 year-old schoolchildren of Nairobi with the modified Aesthetic Component (AC) scale of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The objectives were to assess the children&rsquo / s perception of their occlusal appearance, categorise the occlusal appearance using the AC scale, by both the children and researcher / and to compare the children&rsquo / s&rsquo / perception and the AC of the IOTN.
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Differences in characteristics of women who initiate antenatal care early and late in two slums of Nairobi, KenyaEzeh, Nkeonyere Francisca 16 April 2009 (has links)
ABSTRACT
Background: About 90% of women in Kenya report at least one antenatal care (ANC) visit
yet maternal mortality rate remains high at 414 per 100,000 live births. Only 40% of
childbirths occur in health facilities. A previous study of Nairobi slums in 2000 indicated that
only 10.3% of women initiated ANC visits in the first trimester. High incidence of maternal
deaths in Kenya especially among the very poor has been attributed to inadequate emergency
obstetrical care. Decreasing numbers of women are initiating ANC within the first trimester
and this may be affecting the ability of the health system to identify and cater for women
whose health conditions can be effectively managed through ANC.
This study aimed to determine the proportion of women initiating ANC in the first and last
trimesters and the background characteristics associated with these women in two slums of
Nairobi, Kenya. It also sought to determine if timing of initial ANC visit was associated with
number of visits and choice of place of delivery in a slum setting.
Materials and methods: This research report is a secondary data analysis of the World Bank
funded Maternal Health Project conducted between 1st April and 30th June, 2006 by the
African Population and Health Research Center. Participants were women 12 to 54 years,
enumerated in the Nairobi Urban Health Demographic Surveillance System living in two
slums of Nairobi, who had a pregnancy outcome between January 2004 and December 2005.
Women 15 to 49 years were included in this analysis. Analysis of the data was done using
STATA 9.2.
Findings: Only 7.3% of women initiated ANC in the first trimester, with 52% making four or
more visits. In the third trimester 22% of women initiated ANC. Although 97% of women
reported receiving their first ANC from a skilled health professional, only 48.4% delivered in
well equipped health care facilities. The median number of months pregnant at first ANC was
six and median number of visits was four. Women who were most likely to initiate early
ANC had secondary school or higher level of education (p=0.055) and were in a union
(p=0.008). The least likely to initiate care in the first trimester were of minority ethnicity
(0.011) and high parity (p=0.019). As educational level and wealth status rise, the likelihood
of late ANC initiation declines. Women living with unemployed partners were less likely to
initiate care in the first trimester compared to those living with employed partners (OR 0.2,
p=0.046). Only women with educated partners initiated care during the first trimester.
Women who initiated ANC in the first trimester were more likely to have 4 visits and more
likely to deliver in appropriate facilities than those who initiated care in the third trimester.
Those who initiated care to obtain an ANC card were less likely to have 4 visits than those
who initiated care to verify that pregnancy was normal (OR 0.5, p=0.000). Women who
initiated care in first trimester were 1.5 and 5.0 times more likely to deliver in good health
facilities than those who initiated care in third trimester (p=0.040) and those who had no ANC
(p=0.000), respectively.
Conclusion: Women in Korogocho and Viwandani may have better chances of delivering in
appropriate facilities if they have low parity and secondary level education. The presence of a
partner with a means of steady income may also make it easier for women to access delivery
care in good facilities. Interventions to improve the level of educational attainment among
women and provide affordable family planning are necessary to increase early ANC
attendance and subsequently delivery in well equipped facilities.
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Context-dependent interventions : understanding change through urban morphological studies of informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya / Understanding change through urban morphological studies of informal settlements in Nairobi, KenyaFlemister, Lauren Sheagbe 23 April 2013 (has links)
Informal human settlements, often so large that they are cities onto themselves, have been absent from urban morphological study. As the population of the urban world grows, hundreds of millions of people live in informal settlements. This report attempts to present why it is important to understand how, why, and where informal human settlements form, as well as how they evolve, and conditions for their emergence and evolution. Each region and individual city has its own varied economic, political, cultural, historical, environmental and legal issues and concerns. Such issues in certain areas of cities, including slums, pose unique challenges for governments, non-governmental organizations, non-profits, and community-based organizations. Each stands to benefit from critical analyses that not only indentify and understand informal settlements more historically, sociologically, and spatially, but that inform plans that effectively harness limited national and international resources towards carefully targeted interventions. The focus of such interventions could include slum upgrading or assistance to secure land tenure, based on a deeper knowledge that increases efficacy.
In Nairobi, one of the oldest and largest informal settlements, Mathare, provides an opportunity for historical analysis. Through seven interviews with researchers, government bureaucrats, and residents, visually observing villages in Mathare, and analyzing archival maps, this report has identified factors driving change and the resulting impacts on the urban morphology of informal settlements in the African context. Various factors dealing with cultural, environmental, political/economic, and legal/regulatory issues are discussed. These data substantiate land tenure, speculative investment, tenancy insecurity, and government administrative structure as the issues that most directly drive emergence and growth of informal settlements. These issues date back to the earliest days of Nairobi, where African workers lived on land owned by their employers. These workers were denied access to land ownership, tenancy rights, and dwelling improvement through legal, economic, and institutionalized prejudice and coercion. Little has changed, as colonial-aged government administration and systemic disadvantage still determine the development of Nairobi’s informal settlements. / text
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Plant and animal science skills essential for small scale farmers in Nairobi/MutuiniMuniu, Kamau Evanson, 1949- January 1973 (has links)
No description available.
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Perception of occlusal appearance in 11 to 12 year-old school children in Nairobi, Kenya.Psiwa, Nathan Kitio January 2004 (has links)
A public orthodontic system generally is designed to prioritize patients so that those who have the greatest need receive treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the subjective perceptions of the occlusal appearance of 11 to 12 year-old schoolchildren of Nairobi with the modified Aesthetic Component (AC) scale of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The objectives were to assess the children&rsquo / s perception of their occlusal appearance, categorise the occlusal appearance using the AC scale, by both the children and researcher / and to compare the children&rsquo / s&rsquo / perception and the AC of the IOTN.
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Environmental sanitation and gender among the urban poor a case study of the Kibera slums, KenyaLusambili, Adelaide January 1900 (has links)
Zugl.: Washington DC, American Univ., Diss., 2007 / Hergestellt on demand
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Africans in Nairobi during the emergency Social and economic changes 1952-60 /Dickerman, Carol Wilson. January 1978 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--Wisconsin. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-85).
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Perception of occlusal appearance in 11 to 12 year-old school children in Nairobi, KenyaPsiwa, Nathan Kitio January 2004 (has links)
Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) / A public orthodontic system generally is designed to prioritize patients so that those who have the greatest need receive treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the subjective perceptions of the occlusal appearance of 11 to 12 year-old schoolchildren of Nairobi with the modified Aesthetic Component (AC) scale of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The objectives were to assess the children’s perception of their occlusal appearance, categorise the occlusal appearance using the AC scale, by both the children and researcher; and to compare the children’s’ perception and the AC of the IOTN. / South Africa
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Predisposing factors of chronic low back pain (CLBP) among sedentary office workers (SOW) in Nairobi, Kenya.Mukandoli, Kumuntu January 2004 (has links)
Chronic low back pain is a highly prevalent condition in industrialized nations. It is associated with activity limitations, disability, has significant economic impact on society and incurs personal cost. Today's working environment increasingly demands more time spent sitting due to computerization and other advances in technology. Sitting for hours without taking breaks may influence posture, and alignment of the lumbar spine. Therefore, it may influence low back pain. Kenya as a developing country has an increasing number of people involved in sedentary work. The aim of this study was to identify the predisposing factors of chronic low back pain among sedentary office workers in Nairobi. The main objectives were to establish the prevalence of chronc low back pain / to determine the possible predisposing factors of chronic low back pain and to determine the impact of chronic low back pain on work related quality of life among sedentary office workers in Nairobi, Kenya.
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