Global ETD Search

71	Effect of Dopamine Receptor DRD2 and ANKK1 Polymorphisms on Dietary Compliance, Blood Pressure, and BMI in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Abdulnour, Shahad 14 December 2010 (has links) Reduction in dopamine receptor D2, has been associated with insufficient brain reward, food addiction, obesity, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to assess whether the genetic variability responsible for this reduction is associated with poor dietary compliance and life style habits in T2D patients. Genetic-analysis was done for 109 T2D individuals who completed a 24-week randomized clinical trial and were assigned to follow either a low-GI or a high-fibre diet. Polymorphisms of TaqIA and C957T were compared with physical and biochemical measures. Regardless of dietary treatments, individuals with the C957T-T allele and the TaqIA-A2 allele were significantly associated with blood pressure reduction. Carriers of the T allele significantly lowered their body mass index (BMI) over the 24-week trial. Our findings suggest that the presence of the TaqIA-A2 allele is associated with a decrease in blood pressure. The C957T-T allele was associated with decrease in pressure and body weight. dopamine receptor Glycemic Index DRD2 ANKK1 addiction diabetes BMI blood pressure dietary compliance reward obestiy weight genetic glucose C957T TaqIA polymorphism triglycerides cholesterol linkage disequilibrium DNA single nucleotide polymorphism HbA1c insulin resistance eating gene dopamine behaviour nutrition neuroscience Reward Deficiency Syndrome HDL LDL exercise fatty acid LOD neurogenetics 0369 0570 0317 0384
72	Effect of Dopamine Receptor DRD2 and ANKK1 Polymorphisms on Dietary Compliance, Blood Pressure, and BMI in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Abdulnour, Shahad 14 December 2010 (has links) Reduction in dopamine receptor D2, has been associated with insufficient brain reward, food addiction, obesity, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to assess whether the genetic variability responsible for this reduction is associated with poor dietary compliance and life style habits in T2D patients. Genetic-analysis was done for 109 T2D individuals who completed a 24-week randomized clinical trial and were assigned to follow either a low-GI or a high-fibre diet. Polymorphisms of TaqIA and C957T were compared with physical and biochemical measures. Regardless of dietary treatments, individuals with the C957T-T allele and the TaqIA-A2 allele were significantly associated with blood pressure reduction. Carriers of the T allele significantly lowered their body mass index (BMI) over the 24-week trial. Our findings suggest that the presence of the TaqIA-A2 allele is associated with a decrease in blood pressure. The C957T-T allele was associated with decrease in pressure and body weight. dopamine receptor Glycemic Index DRD2 ANKK1 addiction diabetes BMI blood pressure dietary compliance reward obestiy weight genetic glucose C957T TaqIA polymorphism triglycerides cholesterol linkage disequilibrium DNA single nucleotide polymorphism HbA1c insulin resistance eating gene dopamine behaviour nutrition neuroscience Reward Deficiency Syndrome HDL LDL exercise fatty acid LOD neurogenetics 0369 0570 0317 0384
73	Genes contributing to variation in fear-related behaviour Krohn, Jonathan Jacob Pastushchyn January 2013 (has links) Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent diseases with common heritable elements, but the particular genetic mechanisms and biological pathways underlying them are poorly understood. Part of the challenge in understanding the genetic basis of these disorders is that they are polygenic and often context-dependent. In my thesis, I apply a series of modern statistical tools to ascertain some of the myriad genetic and environmental factors that underlie fear-related behaviours in nearly two thousand heterogeneous stock mice, which serve as animal models of anxiety and depression. Using a Bayesian method called Sparse Partitioning and a frequentist method called Bagphenotype, I identify gene-by-sex interactions that contribute to variation in fear-related behaviours, such as those displayed in the elevated plus maze and the open field test, although I demonstrate that the contributions are generally small. Also using Bagphenotype, I identify hundreds of gene-by-environment interactions related to these traits. The interacting environmental covariates are diverse, ranging from experimenter to season of the year. With gene expression data from a brain structure associated with anxiety called the hippocampus, I generate modules of co-expressed genes and map them to the genome. Two of these modules were enriched for key nervous system components — one for dendritic spines, another for oligodendrocyte markers — but I was unable to find significant correlations between them and fear-related behaviours. Finally, I employed another Bayesian technique, Sparse Instrumental Variables, which takes advantage of conditional probabilities to identify hippocampus genes whose expression appears not just to be associated with variation in fear-related behaviours, but cause variation in those phenotypes. 572.8

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