Abstract It is important and urgent for government¡¦s discretion to make good use of Recruit /appointment system to introduce new blood into the government to cope with the needs of the society. This essay tried to analyze the problems that our civil servants¡¦ recruiting system has encountered. The similar systems of other developed countries were also discussed. This essay made several suggestions concerning government reforms in accordance with the latest world trend and the way to help civil servants realize their roles in democratic administration. This essay also tried to make clear what government can do to review and revise personnel laws as well as civil service systems, so as to recruit competent individuals into the government to provide better services to the people. Because the reform of civil servant personnel system is a part of government reform plan, and the reform of recruit/appointment system is a crucial link of civil servant personnel system, while present recruit/appointment system still has some flaws to be corrected, this essay made some suggestions on the issues of examination , appointment and promotion. A. Examination: 1. To abolish the prerequisite qualifications in all kinds of national examinations. 2. To increase the number of ¡§extra list¡¨ of passers of both common and higher national examinations. 3. To widen the range of recruits from those who have passed profession and technician examinations to serve in the public section. 4. To adopt examinations with diversity and elasticity. B. Appointment system: 1. To reasonably raise the ranking paradigm of local civil servants. 2. To modify the rules of deputizing. 3. To allow the interchanges of persons of public and private sections. 4. To give elasticity to the laws of personnel appointment according to different geography locations. C. Promotion: 1. To increase the weight of performance and potential of development in the evaluation for promotion. 2. To limit the chief¡¦s authority in the evaluation for promotion. 3. To develop a fast promotion mechanism. The goal of civil servant system reform is ¡§Government Reform and Elastic Recruit¡¨. Therefore, this essay suggested that related governmental departments should play a more active role in government reform and to engage in a brand new innovation of civil servant recruit/appointment system.

¡iabract¡j From the past to the present, we can find no matter mass media, public opinion, and even the government party and opposition party is in support of neutrality of the Speaker, nevertheless, it had been unable to accomplish the purpose in past decade. What we see is endless arguments, as often as there is election of the premier of legislative yuan or bill battle. Hence, the author thinks there is a gap between our subjective expectation and objective reality about neutrality of the premier of legislative yuan, otherwise why we can¡¦t put neutrality of the premier of legislative yuan into practice for a long time. So this text thinks whether the premier of legislative yuan should be development toward neutralization, it is worth to discuss. It is necessary to inspect the possibility of neutral development for the premier of legislative yuan. In this article, we define the meaning of neutrality of the Speaker includes three levels, such as neutrality of agenda, neutrality of political party and neutrality of electoral district, etc., and under the prerequisite of these three meaning, the Speaker acted multiple roles including congress chairman, legislative chief, representatives of political party, representatives of electoral district and coordinator, etc. And some of them are useful to neutrality; some of them are conflict and contradictive to neutrality. Further, these roles would be influenced by the historical background, political culture, constitutional government system, political party, electoral system, and parliamentary norm and convention. So from this point of view, we observe experience of foreign the Speaker and inspect key factor influencing role of the Speaker. At the same time, we also explored key factor influencing role of the premier of legislative yuan, and compared with both, to present useful and unfavorable conditions about neutrality. Eventually, according to these conditions, we analyze the possibility of neutral development for the premier of legislative yuan, and make the relevant suggestions. We find out something in the course of studying. At first, our government trends towards presidential government in constitutional government system, the administration and legislation is split, it is useful to strengthen orientation of representatives of political party of the premier of legislative yuan. Secondly, if the premier of legislative yuan wants to be the Speaker, he has to rely on the strength of the political party in election, it makes the premier of legislative yuan cant¡¦t keep neutrality. Finally, the establishment of legislative yuan is very short, norm and conventions that it is useful to neutrality is not formed, such as the Speaker withdrawing from the political party or setting up several vice speakers to share agenda resources. And this also makes neutral development of the premier of legislative yuan more and more difficult. So we get a clear understanding of our current institutional reality, it is unfavorable to neutrality of the premier of legislative yuan. Consequently, we should develop towards the American type of the Speaker, to strengthen authority of the premier of legislative yuan, to make him lead the political party and integrate the legislative to restrict the executive power, to improve the entity of the whole legislative yuan. Key word: the premier of legislative yuan, the Speaker , neutrality of the Speaker , neutrality of agenda , neutrality of political party , neutrality of electoral district, Constitutional government system , political party , electoral system , parliamentary norm and convention

This paper assesses the aspect of market neutrality for a pairs trading strategy built on cointegration. This was conducted by evaluating the strategy?s performance during a negative market environment, 2007-06-01 to 2008-12-30, and a positive market environment, 2013-05-31 to 2014-12-30, for the stocks listed in the OMXS30 index. The results indicate market neutrality and that profitability of pairs trading is higher in prolonged periods of turbulence.

No description available.

Satellite telecommunications, global navigation and remote sensing systems are key drivers in the ongoing transformation of an industrial based global economic order to one increasingly dominated by information services. A growing number of States are establishing an independent presence in outer space and all States (and indeed, individuals) can access a broad range of affordable space-related products and services (e.g., Google Earth imagery, GPS receivers, and global voice and data transmissions). Consistent with broad historical trends, these technologies are inevitably influencing the way States think about, plan for, and conduct warfare. Inspired by the prospect of seizing the ultimate "high ground" of outer space and achieving "information superiority" over an enemy, militaries around the world are rapidly pursuing independent space capabilities and adapting their strategies, doctrine and force structures to reflect these capabilities. These trends have prompted various political and legal efforts to ban the placement and/or use of weapons in outer space. As these efforts have failed to gain traction and seem unlikely to do so in the foreseeable future, this thesis argues that existing bodies of international law grounded in a pragmatic acceptance of armed conflict must be consulted if humankind wishes to mitigate the impact and spread of warfare conducted in, from and through outer space. In particular, this thesis will examine how the traditional customary principles underlying the law of neutrality may be reconceptualized by States to serve as a mechanism to mediate competing claims of belligerents and neutrals during armed conflict in outer space. After a brief introduction, Chapters One and Two will develop the economic and military trends discussed above. Chapter Three will provide an overview of the relevant international law governing military activities in outer space. Chapter four will analyze the law governing State responsibility for outer space activities to determine which State(s) will bear primary international responsibility for satellite support provided to belligerents during armed conflict. Chapter Five will provide a detailed overview of the law of neutrality and attempt a preliminary analysis of how belligerent and neutral States may seek to adapt this law to suit their interests during armed conflict in outer space. Concluding that the law of neutrality may serve to mitigate the impact and spread of armed conflict in outer space, this thesis offers various proposals designed to facilitate the application of this law.

Recent legal measures within Canada provide students the right to affirm the moral permissibility of lesbian, gay, bi, trans, two-spirited, and queer (hereafter LGBTTQ) identities within any state funded school. Such rights extend even to students in independent religious schools that parents may have chosen precisely because they teach that LGBTTQ desires and practices are immoral. Many, both within Canada and throughout the world, oppose such legal measures as wrongly promoting a controversial moral worldview at the expense of legitimate parental authority. In this study, I consider whether theories of political morality that endeavor to be neutral in justification can justify such measures against moral and religious dissent. I argue that, due to a lack of a genuinely neutral basis from which to build a morally binding theory of justice, the neutralist approach fails, given the resources on offer in the literature.

The purpose of this thesis is to compare the paternalistic implications of two opposing political theories: neutrality and perfectionism. Neutrality holds that the state must not appeal to conceptions of the good as the justification for its decisions. Perfectionism rejects this constraint. Applied to paternalism, perfectionism makes it permissible for the state to appeal to a conception of the good when it acts paternalistically, that is, interferes with a person for his own good. Neutrality requires that paternalism must instead be guided by considerations that are in some sense neutral between various conceptions of the good. Perfectionism supports forcing people into worthwhile conceptions of the good. It provides motivation for a wider range of paternalistic policies than neutrality does. A number of perfectionist strategies for resisting this conclusion are examined. The first is to appeal to the value of autonomy as a component of well-being. Paternalism, some perfectionists argue, undermines the value of living an autonomous life. I try to show how various arguments for the value of autonomy, even if accepted, fail to rule out a wide range of paternalistic policies. A second strategy is to appeal to the endorsement constraint. According to this, a person's well-being cannot be advanced by forcing her into activities that she does not endorse as valuable. I argue that the endorsement constraint is not plausible in its strong form, and that whilst a weaker form is plausible, it allows a wide range of paternalism. A number of other strategies, such as appealing to the value of activity, claiming that many worthwhile activities require people to approach them with the right intentions for those activities to be for their own good, and that paternalism undermines trust in the government are examined and criticised. These difficulties do not mean that perfectionism should be rejected. But they do support setting aside conceptions of the good when the state acts paternalistically, whilst not necessarily ruling out perfectionism in non-paternalistic state action. This conclusion is strengthened in two ways. First, by taking Rawlsian contractualism as a method of elucidating neutrality, it is shown that neutrality supports a plausible principle of paternalism. Second, a number of recent attempts to set out necessary conditions for justified paternalism, such as that liberty must be balanced against wellbeing, that the consent of the patemalised is needed, and that the conduct must be nonvoluntary, are examined. The arguments for these conditions all suggest that neutrality is a necessary condition for justified paternalism. The conclusion of the thesis is two-fold. A conclusion about the neutralityperfectionist debate is that neutrality is required for paternalistic state action whilst perfectionism may be acceptable in the non-paternalistic sphere. A conclusion about state paternalism is that it is justified only if guided by neutral considerations.

No Abstract

Thesis (Master of Arts in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990. / Thesis Advisor: Kennedy-Minott, R. Second Reader: Breemer, Jan S. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 1, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): Foreign policy, national security, Finland, Sweden, USSR, European community, conference on security and cooperation in Europe, Nordic Nonalignment, international law, neutrality, United States, post Cold War era, theses. Author(s) subject terms: Sweden, Finland, neutrality, nonalignment, EC, CSCE, security politics, economics, Nordic, Scandinavia, Soviet Union, United States, regional, foreign policy. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78). Also available in print.

Thesis--Johns Hopkins, 1912. / Vita. Published also without thesis note. Includes bibliographical references (p. [v]-vi).