No description available.

Thesis (MS)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2009. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Robin Gerlach. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-152).

No description available.

Nitroaromatic explosives, such as trinitrotoluene (TNT), are of particular environmental concern due to their recalcitrance in soils and their potent toxicity and mutagenicity to both aquatic and mammalian species. TNT was the most widely used military explosive through the era encompassing both the First and Second World Wars. As a result, there is widespread contamination of soils by TNT around weapons manufacture, testing, and disposal facilities. Fenton chemistry (ferrous ion catalyzed generation of hydroxyl radicals) has shown utility in the remediation of TNT in soils but it suffers from non-specificity and the need for acidic conditions to prevent loss of iron as iron hydroxides. Cyclodextrins (CDs) have demonstrated the ability to increase the efficiency of Fenton degradation of aromatic pollutant species. The increase in degradation efficiency observed in the CD Fenton reaction systems has been credited to the formation of a pollutant/CD/ferrous ion ternary complex which has the ability to produce hydroxyl radicals at the site of bound ferrous ions during Fenton reactions. This results in an increase in hydroxyl radical concentration near the target guest molecule relative to the bulk solution, leading to a targeted degradation of the complexed guest molecule. In order to assess the viability of CD assisted Fenton reactions for the remediation of TNT, a thorough knowledge of the kinetics, degradation products, and role of binary and ternary complexes is required. Research presented in this dissertation examined the role of CDs in the Fenton oxidation of TNT, specifically: 1) the kinetics of TNT degradation in the presence of CDs for a Fenton reaction system, 2) the products of these reactions through chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods, and 3) NMR and binding studies of binary and ternary complexes.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-52). Also available on the World Wide Web.

In Chapter I some of the chemical, biological and physical properties of purine analogues, particularly benzimidazole N-oxides, are briefly discussed. In Chapter II, the preparations of 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-amino-1H-benzimidazole 3-oxides are described. The methods employed involve base-induced cyclisation of suitably protected aminonitrophenyl glycine derivatives (esters or nitriles) followed by hydrolysis of the ester or nitrile and decarboxylation. In Chapter III, attempts are made to prepare imidazopyridine N-oxides, an area of N-oxide chemistry little explored. Although few derivatives of this class of compound are synthesised, the preparation of the parent 3H-imidazo[4 ,5-b]pyridine 1-oxide is accomplished. In Chapter IV, the possibility of preparing 1-methylbenzimidazole 3-oxides by the methods used in Chapters II and III is investigated, but unexpected results are obtained e.g. cyclisation of O-nitropheny1-sarcosine esters gives 1-hydroxy-4-methylquinoxaline-2, 3-diones. These reactions have instigated an investigation into the general mechanism for the base-induced cyclisations discussed in this thesis.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2007. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2010. / "Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences." Includes bibliographical references.

Specially prepared 2-arylquinolin-4(1H)-ones and their 2-aryl-1-methyl-4-quinolone derivatives were converted in high yield and purity to the corresponding C-3 brominated products using pyridinium tribromide in acetic acid at room temperature. The 2-arylquinolin-4(1H)-ones were reacted with iodine and Na2CO3 mixture in THF at room temperature to produce the 3-iodo-2-arylquinolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. The latter were, in turn, N-methylated using NaH-MeI mixture in dry THF to afford the corresponding 2-aryl-3-iodo-1-methyl-4-quinolone derivatives. The 3-iodo-2-arylquinolin-4(1H)-one and 2-aryl-3-iodo-1-methyl-4-quinolones were converted to 2,3-diarylquinolin-4(1H)-one and 2,3-diaryl-1-methyl-4-quinolones following Suzuki cross-coupling reaction method, respectively. The 2-aryl-3-bromoquinolin-4(1H)-ones, on the other hand, were converted to 2-aryl-3-bromo-4-chloroquinoline derivatives using phosphorus oxychloride under reflux. The 2-aryl-3-bromo-4-chloroquinoline were then transformed to the corresponding 2-aryl-3-bromo-4-N-(4'-chloroaryl)-4-aminoquinolines derivatives using 4-chloroaniline in ethanol under reflux. The products synthesized in this investigation were characterised using a combination of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and mass spectroscopic techniques. / Chemistry / Chemistry / MSC (CHEMISTRY) / MSC (Chemistry)

Thesis, (Ph. D.)--Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, 1998.