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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Theoretical and Numerical Study of Nonlinear Phononic Crystals

Guerder, Pierre-Yves January 2015 (has links)
This work is dedicated to the theoretical and numerical study of nonlinear phononic crystals. The studied nonlinearities are those due to the second (quadratic) and third (cubic) order elastic constants of the materials that constitute the crystals. Nonlinear effects are studied by the means of finite element methods, used to simulate the propagation of an elastic wave through the crystals. A first research project concerns the study of a bone structure, namely the dispersion of elastic waves in a structure composed of collagen and hydroxy apatite alternate constituent layers. Simulations showed that it exists a strong link between bones hydration and their ability to dissipate the energy. The second study relates to an elastic resonator. A structure composed of steel inclusions in a silica matrix shows a switch behavior when the cubic nonlinearities of steel are taken into account. This strong nonlinear effect appears when the amplitude of the incident wave reaches a threshold. A full analytical model is provided. The last study demonstrates the design of composite materials with both strong cubic nonlinearities and weak quadratic nonlinearities. The derivation of the mixing laws of the elastic parameters of a nonlinear material inside a linear one is performed up to order three. Equations show a strong amplification of the nonlinear parameters of the material for some concentrations. Numerical simulations allow to conclude that the above mentioned resonator can be produced. For this thesis, an innovative tool based on the Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element method is developed for the simulation of elastic wave propagation, in linear and nonlinear systems and in finite and semi-infinite media. The implementation of this DG code for 2D and 3D simulations benefits from the efficient exploitation of modern computer infrastructure (GPU units, clusters) using the property of massive parallelization of DG algorithms. This thesis is part of a joint agreement for an international Ph.D. degree between École Centrale de Lille and the Materials Science and Engineering department of the University of Arizona at Tucson. Ce travail porte sur l'étude théorique et numérique des cristaux phononiques non-linéaires. Les non-linéarités étudiées sont celles dues aux constantes élastiques d'ordre deux (quadratiques) et trois (cubiques) des matériaux constituant les cristaux. Les effets non-linéaires sont étudiés grâce á des méthodes d'éléments finis en simulant la propagation d'une onde élastique á travers les cristaux. Un premier projet de recherche a porté sur l'étude d'une structure osseuse, et plus spécifiquement sur la dispersion des ondes élastiques dans une structure constituée d'une alternance de couches de collagène et d'hydroxy apatite. Les simulations montrent qu'il existe un lien étroit entre l'hydratation des os et leur capacité à dissiper l'énergie. La seconde étude réalisée concerne un résonateur élastique. Une structure constituée d'inclusions d'acier dans de la silice présente un comportement de commutateur (switch) lorsque les non-linéarités cubiques de l'acier sont prises en compte. Cet effet fortement non-linéaire apparaît lorsque l'amplitude de l'onde incidente dépasse un certain seuil. Un modèle analytique complet est fourni. La dernière étude réalisée montre la conception de matériaux composites possédant de fortes non-linéarités cubiques mais de faibles non-linéarités quadratiques. La dérivation des lois de mélange des paramètres élastiques d'un matériau non-linéaire dans un matériau linéaire est effectuée à l'ordre trois. Les équations montrent une forte amplification des paramètres non-linéaires du matériau résultant pour certaines concentrations. Les simulations permettent de conclure que le résonateur mentionné ci-dessus peut effectivement étre réalisé. Pour cette thèse, un outil numérique innovant basé sur la méthode des éléments finis de type Galerkin Discontinu (DG) est développé pour la simulation de la propagation d'ondes élastiques, dans des systèmes linéaires et non-linéaires et dans des milieux finis et semi-infinis. L'implémentation de ce code DG pour des simulations 2D et 3D tire parti des infrastructures de calcul actuelles (processeurs graphiques, clusters) grâce à la propriété de parallélisation massive des algorithmes DG. Cette thèse s'est déroulée dans le cadre d'une cotutelle entre l'École Centrale de Lille et le département de Science et ingénierie des matériaux de l'Université d'Arizona, à Tucson.
2

Digitally selected electronically switchable terahertz-over-fibre

Khairuzzaman, Md January 2014 (has links)
The Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL)-based terahertz-over-fibre (ToF) concept combines the strength of QCLs as ultra-wide bandwidth, high speed data sources, with the mature optical fibre technology. In this thesis, for the first time, by fusing multiple technologies, digitally selected, electronically-switchable ToF concept is experimentally demonstrated. Furthermore, the digital mode selection principle and electronic tuning mechanism provided by novel aperiodic distributed feedback (ADFB) multi-band filters are presented. For the development of electronically tunable ADFB lasers, a range of bound-to-continuum and chirped superlattice terahertz (THz) QCLs are measured across the frequency range 2.9 – 4.5 THz. The availability of these active materials allowed rapid assessments of the optimum design parameters for subsequent measurements. First, a range of photonic lattice-engineered lasers operating at 4.4 THz are characterized and key design parameters identified. Following this initial development, full electrical and spectral characterization of ADFB lasers operating at 2.9 THz are presented. The novelty of this work lies in the first-ever successful demonstration of discretely tunable QCLs, operating at six distinct THz frequencies. The ADFB technology was experimentally applied using various device geometries and gain dynamics. Toward this aim, results are presented for a Y coupled QCL architecture, showing that complex on-chip signal manipulation can be extended into the THz regime. In addition, it is demonstrated that ADFB technology provides broadband multi-channel optical filtering for the entire gain bandwidth. It is shown that discrete, purely electronic, tuning of simultaneous dual colour output can be achieved. Multi band optical filter functions derived from ADFB gratings possess highly nonlinear dispersion across the filter bandwidth and are found to modify the gain-induced, driving current-dependent continuous mode tuning. This thesis, therefore, presents a systematic experimental analysis of the dispersion engineered continuous fine-tuning in THz QCLs. In the final two chapters, the thesis presents, for the first time, transmission of tunable THz signals over standard single-mode optical fibre by up converting 2.9 THz QCL radiation via intra-cavity nonlinear mixing with an optical fibre-injected near-infrared (NIR) carrier in the 1.3 µm band. Discrete and continuous tuning technologies, as developed in chapters 3 – 5, are now successfully transferred to THz sidebands on the NIR carrier, extracted via a butt coupled single mode fibre and recorded using an optical spectrum analyzer. The major novel outcome of this thesis is the first demonstration of electronically tunable phase-matched points in a THz plasmon waveguide. The key breakthrough is the experimental confirmation of the photonic band-gap engineering of group velocity of THz signals – as both ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ switchable side bands are observed. Such novel nonlinear up-conversion of spectrally flexible THz signals may open up new possibilities for ultrafast THz telecom frameworks.
3

Etude théorique et numérique des cristaux phononiques non linéaires / Theoretical and numerical study of nonlinear phononic crystals

Guerder, Pierre-Yves 04 February 2015 (has links)
Ce travail porte sur l'étude théorique et numérique des cristaux phononiques non linéaires. Les non linéarités étudiées sont celles dues aux constantes élastiques d'ordre deux (quadratiques) et trois (cubiques) des matériaux constituant les cristaux. Les effets non linéaires sont étudiés grâce à des méthodes d'éléments finis en simulant la propagation d'une onde élastique à travers les cristaux.Un premier projet de recherche a porté sur l'étude d'une structure osseuse, et plus spécifiquement sur la dispersion des ondes élastiques dans une structure constituée d'une alternance de couches de collagène et d'hydroxy apatite. Les simulations montrent qu'il existe un lien étroit entre l'hydratation des os et leur capacité à dissiper l'énergie.La seconde étude réalisée concerne un résonateur élastique. Une structure constituée d'inclusions d'acier dans de la silice présente un comportement de commutateur lorsque les non linéarités cubiques de l'acier sont prises en compte. Cet effet fortement non linéaire apparaît lorsque l'amplitude de l'onde incidente dépasse un certain seuil. Un modèle analytique complet est fourni.La dernière étude réalisée montre la conception de matériaux composites possédant de fortes non linéarités cubiques mais de faibles non linéarités quadratiques. La dérivation des lois de mélange des paramètres élastiques d'un matériau non linéaire dans un matériau linéaire est effectuée à l'ordre trois. Les équations montrent une forte amplification des paramètres non linéaires du matériau résultant pour certaines concentrations. Les simulations permettent de conclure que le résonateur mentionné ci-dessus peut effectivement être réalisé. / This work is dedicated to the theoretical and numerical study of nonlinear phononic crystals. The studied nonlinearities are those due to the second (quadratic) and third (cubic) order elastic constants of the materials that constitute the crystals. Nonlinear effects are studied by the means of finite element methods, used to simulate the propagation of an elastic wave through the crystals.A first research project concerns the study of a bone structure, namely the dispersion of elastic waves in a structure composed of collagen and hydroxy apatite alternate constituent layers. Simulations showed that it exists a strong link between bones hydration and their ability to dissipate the energy.The second study relates to an elastic resonator. A structure composed of steel inclusions in a silica matrix shows a switch behavior when the cubic nonlinearities of steel are taken into account. This strong nonlinear effect appears when the amplitude of the incident wave reaches a threshold. A full analytical model is provided.The last study demonstrates the design of composite materials with both strong cubic nonlinearities and weak quadratic nonlinearities. The derivation of the mixing laws of the elastic parameters of a nonlinear material inside a linear one is performed up to order three. Equations show a strong amplification of the nonlinear parameters of the material for some concentrations. Numerical simulations allow to conclude that the above mentioned resonator can be produced.

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