This diploma thesis entitled: "Bible and Pastoral Counseling - Two Concepts of American Pastoral Care in the 20th Century" deals with two types of pastoral counseling (nouthetic counseling by Jay E. Adams and biblical counseling by Larry Crabb), which consider the Bible to be their basic and most important source and standard, and the context of their creation. The thesis describes the context, influences and life events that accompanied the authors during the creation of both counselings; it explains the basic ideas of both counselings and represents the way of using the Bible in a counseling conversation that the authors promote. It also mentions the criticism of other authors. The text first introduces the reader to the American concept of Christianity and pastoral care on the basis of historical development and later to both counseling directions - the nouthetic counseling and the biblical counseling. Keywords Pastoral care, Pastoral counseling, Biblical counseling, Nouthetic counseling, Jay E. Adams, Larry Crabb