In this Thesis, the structure of thin films formed by a conducting polymer, polyaniline, was studied using mainly infrared and Raman spectroscopies. That led to the study of aniline oligomers. The oligomers play a key role in the formation of thin films and nanostructures of polyaniline. Furthermore, the Thesis deals with the carbonization of various forms of polyaniline (granular polyaniline base, thin films of polyaniline salt, multi-wall carbon nanotubes coated with polyaniline salt or base, polyaniline nanotubes/nanorods prepared in the presence of ethanol). The two topics, aniline oligomers and carbonization of polyaniline, are connected by a paper concerning the carbonization of microspheres formed during oxidation of aniline in alkaline medium. Optical microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, wide angle X-ray scattering and thermogravimetric analysis were used.

This master's thesis deals with a present problem of alternative dental fillings, which should replace amalgam fillings. Although there are health concerns about these alternative materials, especially resin composite fillings raise concerns, because they release potentionally harmful substances into the oral cavity. Accordingly even this medical device subjects various tests before releasing to the commercial market and one of these tests was carried out according to ČSN EN ISO 10993 and available scientific literature in the experimental part of this thesis. The amalgam controversy, substances used for manufacturing of resin dental fillings and analytical methods are described in the theoretical part of the thesis. In the experimental part of the thesis, 30 days long cumulative extraction experiments were carried out into various extraction mediums in order to assess suitability of new dental resin filling from ADM, a.s. by comparison with commercially available dental material from company GC EUROPE N.V. These samples were analysed by LC-MS and the amount of eluted substances from dental composites to extraction medium was quantified.