Due to the popularization of Internet technologies in the last two decades, public attention has been directed to issues surrounding online sexual exploitation of minors in Canadian Newspapers. Specifically, newspaper articles have assisted in shaping public perceptions of the nature and scope of Internet child luring. A mixed quantitative/qualitative content analysis methodology is applied to the study’s four Canadian-based newspapers to examine how Internet child luring is constructed between the 1st of January, 2002 and December 31st, 2010. The study highlights the possible influences Canadian print media might have on the perceptions of parents and legal guardians regarding crime prevention and the dangers associated with Internet use by minors. Canadian print media has been instrumental in constructing the perception of Internet technology and its use by minors as harmful, intrusive, and unavoidable while designating parents and legal guardians as primary watchdogs of their children’s online behaviours. / UOIT

L’approche de la carrière criminelle a été appliquée à maintes reprises auprès de délinquants sexuels afin d’approfondir les connaissances relatives à leur participation criminelle, à la fréquence de leur passage à l’acte, à la durée de leur parcours criminel, à la gravité de leurs crimes et au polymorphisme dont ces délinquants font preuve. Parallèlement à l’essor des nouvelles technologies, un besoin grandissant d’en apprendre davantage sur la carrière criminelle des auteurs de leurre informatique s’est fait ressentir. À ce jour, peu d’études ont analysé le parcours criminel emprunté par ces cyberdélinquants sexuels en ayant recours au cadre d’analyse de la carrière criminelle. Afin de remédier à cette limite, le présent mémoire a comme objectif principal d’analyser les parcours criminels des auteurs de leurre informatique afin d’élargir les connaissances quant à la participation, la fréquence, la durée, la gravité et le polymorphisme. Plus précisément, l’objectif spécifique est d’analyser les tendances en termes de carrières criminelles. Pour ce faire, une analyse de profils latents a été menée auprès d’un échantillon de 1 201 auteurs de leurre. Les résultats indiquent l’existence de divers parcours criminels des auteurs de leurre et mettent en lumière quatre profils, soit (1) l’auteur de leurre « ponctuel à délinquance unique », (2) l’auteur de leurre « versatile tardif », (3) l’auteur de leurre « délinquant sexuel spécialiste » et (4) l’auteur de leurre « polymorphe prolifique ». Le premier profil identifié est composé d’auteurs de leurre ne commettant qu’un seul crime à travers leur parcours criminel selon les données officielles. Le second profil, pour sa part, regroupe les individus commettant plusieurs crimes sexuels et non sexuels et qui mettent fin tardivement à leur carrière criminelle. Ensuite, le troisième profil identifié comprend les auteurs ayant un penchant pour les crimes de sexuels, bien que leur carrière criminelle soit limitée en termes de participation et de fréquence. Dernièrement, le quatrième profil est constitué d’auteurs polymorphes commettant une variété de crimes sexuels et non sexuels. / The criminal career approach has been extensively applied in the context of sexual delinquency and allowed to deepen knowledge regarding the crimes committed by sex offenders, the duration of their criminal involvement, the seriousness of their criminal behaviors, and the variety of crimes they commit. Along with the rise of new technologies, there has been a growing need to learn more about the criminal careers of online groomers. To date, no studies have analyzed the criminal path of these online sex offenders using a criminal career framework. To remedy this limitation, the main objective of this paper is to analyze the criminal paths of online groomers as to broaden knowledge on participation, frequency, duration, seriousness, and versatility. Specifically, the objective is to identify tendencies in regards to their criminal careers. To do so, a latent profile analysis was performed on a sample of 1 201 online groomers. The results support the existence of multiple delinquent paths of individuals who sexually solicit youth online and highlight the existence of four profiles: (1) the “one-timer” groomer, (2) the “versatile and late” groomer, (3) the “specialist sex offender” groomer, and (4) the “versatile and prolific” groomer. The first profile identified consists of online groomers committing a single crime across their criminal path. The second profile includes individuals who commit multiple sexual and non-sexual crimes and who end their criminal career belatedly. The third identified profile includes perpetrators with a preference for sexual crimes, but whose criminal careers are limited in terms of participation and frequency. Lastly, the fourth profile is composed of versatile offenders committing a variety of sexual and non-sexual crimes.

Denna studie undersöker olika svenska aktörers arbete mot live-streamade sexuella övergrepp på filippinska barn samt deras syn på ansvarstagande gällande fall där svenska förövare begår detta brott. Det finns fyra svenska rättsfall där svenska män dömts för att ha beställt, regisserat och bevittnat sexuella övergrepp på barn i dagsläget. I dokumentärer och radioprogram som lyfter problematiken framkommer att dessa övergrepp sker i det dolda (på internet) och att det därmed finns ett stort mörkertal som innebär att övergreppen fortsätter att ske och att barnen riskerar att inte få rätt stöd och hjälp. Syftet med studien är därför att bidra med fördjupad kunskap inom området genom att undersöka huruvida svenska frivillighetsorganisationer samt myndigheter anser att deras arbete är tillräckligt eller behöver utvecklas. Det empiriska materialet bygger på fem intervjuer med ett urval av svenska myndigheter och frivilligorganisationer, där en aktör befinner sig på Filippinerna. Studien har en kvalitativ och induktiv ansats där resultatet analyseras utifrån Ludwig von Bertalanffys generella systemteori samt tidigare relevant forskning. Resultatet visar att informanterna anser att svenska aktörer har ett stort internationellt ansvar för de filippinska barn som blir utsatta för live-streamade övergrepp då förövarna är svenska. Två informanter menar att Sverige inte gör tillräckligt för dessa barn i nuläget. Samtidigt menar vissa informanter att ansvaret slutar någonstans och att Filippinernas egna aktörer behöver ta vid då vissa insatser inte anses kunna skötas från Sveriges håll. Resultatet visar även att nya idéer och resurser krävs för att de ska kunna uppfylla dessa ambitioner samt att det finns många utmaningar som försvårar och stoppar utvecklingen av arbetet. Empirin presenterar också möjligheter inom arbetet och förslag på nödvändiga åtgärder. I en avslutade diskussion lyfter vi fram bristen på ett barnfokus hos svenska aktörer samt några tankar kring vad detta kan bero på. Vi diskuterar även konsekvenserna av svenska rättsliga insatser för barnen och huruvida dessa gynnar eller skadar barnet. Avslutningsvis redovisar vi önskemål för framtida forskning inom området. / This study examines the work of various Swedish organizations regarding live-streamed sexual abuse of Filipino children and their view on responsibility for cases where Swedish perpetrators commit the crimes. There are four Swedish court cases where Swedish men have been convicted of this crime and documentaries and radio programs now highlight this problem. It appears that the crime is hidden, because it takes place on the internet, and for this reason there is a large number of hidden statistics that makes it difficult to protect and support the vulnerable children. The aim of this study is therefore to contribute with deeper knowledge in the area by examining whether Swedish non-governmental organizations and governmental authorities believe that their work is sufficient or needs to be developed. The empirical material is based on five interviews with a selection of Swedish authorities and non-governmental organizations. The study has a qualitative and inductive approach where the results are analyzed based on Ludwig von Bertalanffy's general systems theory and previous research. The result shows that the informants believe that Swedish actors have a great international responsibility for the Filipino children who are exposed to live-streamed abuse when the perpetrators are Swedish. Two informants believe that Sweden is not doing enough for these children at this moment. At the same time, some informants believe that their responsibility ends somewhere and that the Philippine government and non-governmental organizations have their responsibility. The result also shows that new ideas and resources are required for them to be able to fulfill these ambitions and that there are many challenges that stop the development of their work. The empiric also presents opportunities within the work and proposals for necessary measures for the future. Concluding in the discussion we highlight the lack of child focus among the work of Swedish governmental and nongovernmental organizations and what we believe is the reason for this. We also discuss the consequences of Swedish legal efforts for the children, such as damages, and whether these consequences benefit or harm the children. Finally, we come with suggestions for future research within the area.