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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Análise da ancestralidade da suscetibilidade genética e ambiental ao carcinoma escamocelular oral na Bahia

Silva, Danniel Sann Dias da January 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio (fiscina@bahia.fiocruz.br) on 2013-10-18T17:47:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Danniel Sann Dias da Silva Analise da ancestralidade...2013.pdf: 1290114 bytes, checksum: 95da03014304e202e3b248867ec987a7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-10-18T17:47:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Danniel Sann Dias da Silva Analise da ancestralidade...2013.pdf: 1290114 bytes, checksum: 95da03014304e202e3b248867ec987a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / O carcinoma escamocelular oral (CEO), entre homens, é o quarto câncer mais frequente no Nordeste do Brasil e o terceiro na Bahia. Apesar de possuir etiologia multifatorial, pelo menos 80% dos casos são atribuíveis à exposição ao fumo e ao álcool. Suscetibilidade individual ao CEO tem sido amplamente estudada, e é atribuída a fatores genéticos e também sócio-econômicos. Polimorfismos genéticos de risco, comuns em determinadas populações; hábitos de vida; dificuldade de acesso à informação e aos serviços de saúde são exemplos destes fatores. Sabendo da alta incidência do CEO na Bahia objetivou-se analisar a distribuição dos fatores de risco para CEO numa amostra da população da Bahia. Participaram 332 doadores voluntários de um banco de sangue público baiano, com idade entre 19 e 66 anos. Coletaram-se amostras biológicas de 320 indivíduos e aplicou-se questionário epidemiológico em 309. Investigaram-se cinco polimorfismos de risco (GSTT1*nulo, GSTM1*nulo, CYP1A1*2C (rs1048943), XRCC1 399*Gln (rs25487) eXRCC1 194*Trp (rs1799782) e nove marcadores informativos de ancestralidade (AIMs), por meio de PCR para as inserções e/ou deleções, e PCR-RFLP ou Real Time-PCR para as mutações pontuais. Observou-se presença dos alelos de risco variando entre 12,3% e 56,5% dos indivíduos (XRCC1 194*Trp e XRCC1 399*Gln, respectivamente). A frequência do tabagismo foi 14,6%, etilismo 64,3% (12,7% azem uso abusivo de álcool). Os outros fatores de risco variaram entre 2,3% e 1,3% (relato de HPV e dificuldades de acesso aos serviços de saúde). A estimativa de ancestralidade mostrou maior contribuição ancestral nativo americana em portadores do genótipo GSTM1-nulo que nos não-nulo, o qual foi mais frequente em brancos. Não foi observada associação entre ancestralidade/raça e os fatores de risco ambientais. No entanto, alguns fatores de risco foram associados à baixa renda, e, principalmente, à baixa escolaridade. Contudo, embora a ancestralidade possa influenciar a suscetibilidade genética, não houve influência sobre a suscetibilidade ambiental já que os fatores de risco ambientais se relacionaram principalmente com aspectos socioeconômicos. / The oral squamous cell carcinomas (CEO) is the fourth most common cancer in northeastern Brazil and also in Bahia. Despite having a multifactorial etiology, at least 80% of cases are attributable to exposure to tobacco and alcohol. Individual susceptibility to CEO has been widely studied, and is attributed to genetic and socioeconomic factors. Genetic polymorphisms of risk, common in certain ancestral populations; lifestyle; information access and health services difficulty are examples of such factors. Given the high incidence of CEO in Bahia we investigated the distribution of risk factors for CEO in a sample from Bahia population. Participated in 332 voluntary blood donors of a public blood bank in Bahia, ages ranged from 20 to 66 years. Biological samples was collect from 320 individuals and epidemiological questionnaire was applied to 309. We investigated five polymorphisms of susceptibility (GSTT1*null, GSTM1*null, CYP1A1*2C (rs1048943), XRCC1 399*Gln (rs25487) and XRCC1 194*Trp (rs1799782)) and nine ancestry informative markers (AIMs) by PCR for insertions and/or deletions, and PCR-RFLP and Real Time-PCR for SNP. We observed the presence of risk alleles ranging from 12.3% to 56.5% of subjects (XRCC1 194*Trp and XRCC1-399*Gln, respectively). Smoking was prevalent in 14.6% of subjects, alcoholism in 64.3% (12.7% alcohol abuse). The other risk factors varied between 2.3% and 41.3% (reported HPV and poor access to health services). The ancestry estimative showed high contribution of Native American in individuals with genotype GSTM1*null, which was more common in whites. In this sample, there was no relationship between ancestry/race and environmental risk factors. However, some risk factors were associated with low income, and, especially, low schooling. However, while the ancestry can influence genetic susceptibility, no influence on the environmental susceptibility, which relates mainly to socioeconomic factors.
2

Estudo histopatológico das displasias epiteliais em lesões inflamatórias crônicas da cavidade oral

Lemos, Mayra Borges 20 February 2017 (has links)
Introduction: Chronic inflammation plays an important role on the transformation and tumor progression during oral carcinogenesis. There is a great number of chronic inflammatory lesions (CIL) in the oral cavity which are related to dysplastic processes of the epithelium, immune response and changes on the collagen deposition. Objectives: To investigate the presence of dysplasia and to histologically grade them in the CIL of traumatic cause, as well as toaccessthe density of mast cells and different types of collagen fibers in cases of epithelial dysplasias and oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). Material and Method: Initially, 183 CIL cases were evaluated as to the presence of dysplasia and also classified according to its degree of epithelial dysplasia. Among those lesions, 45 CIL cases were selected and divided into two groups: group 1 (15 cases of mild dysplasia), group 2 (15 cases of moderate/severe dysplasia). The control group was composed by 15 cases of OSCC.They were stained with toluidine blue in order to quantify the mast cells and picrosirius red to semi-quantify the collagen type fibers. Results: The mast cells were detected in all groups presenting a mean of 6,76 cells/mm2, 10.82 cells/mm2 and 19.18 cells/mm2 in the control, group 1and 2 respectively. Regarding the collagen fibers, type III was more prevalent on groups 2 and control while type I fibers were more abundant on group 1. Conclusion: Oral chronic inflammatory lesions showed dysplastic changes in most analyzed cases. The results suggests an active participation of mast cells in the stage of tumor transformation, since it was detected a higher density onthe dysplasia cases when compared to the OSCC cases. Nevertheless, the gradual change of collagen type fibers indicates that collagenproducing cells become altered during the stages of dysplasia (tumor transformation). / Introdução: A inflamação crônica tem um papel importante na transformação e progressão tumoral durante a carcinogênese oral. Muitas lesões inflamatórias crônicas (LIC) da cavidade oral estão relacionadas a processos displásicos do epitélio, à resposta imune e à mudança na deposição do colágeno. Objetivos: Investigar a presença de displasia e graduá-las histologicamente nas LIC de origem traumática, como também, avaliar a densidade de mastócitos e de diferentes tipos de fibras colágenas nas LIC com displasias epiteliais e comprar aos casos de carcinomas de células escamosas (CCE). Material e Métodos: Inicialmente 183 LIC foram avaliadas quanto à presença de displasia e classificadas em relação ao grau. Em seguida, 45 casos foram divididos em: Grupo controle (CCE), Grupo 1 (displasia leve- DL), Grupo 2 (displasia moderada/severa- DM/S). Foram corados com Azul de Toluidina para quantificar os mastócitos e Picrosirius Red para avaliação dos tipos de fibras colágenas I e III. Resultados: As LIC foram mais frequentes em mulheres (n=107) com idade de 36,6 anos. O sítio mais afetado foi a mucosa do lábio inferior (29,7%), já a lesão mais frequente foi o fibroma traumático (39,2%). A displasia leve esteve presente em 56,3% da amostra. Os mastócitos foram evidenciados nos três grupos: grupo controle (6,76 mastócitos/mm), grupo 1 (10,82 mastócitos/mm2) e grupo 2 (19,18 mastócitos/mm2).Quando analisadas as fibras colágenas, observouse no grupo controle e no grupo 2 que as fibras tipo III foram mais prevalentes, já no grupo 1 prevaleceu-se as fibras tipo I. Conclusão: Lesões inflamatórias crônicas orais apresentaram alterações displásicas na maior parte dos casos. O estudo sugere uma participação dos mastócitos na fase de transformação tumoral. E a alteração gradativa dos colágenos tipo I e III indica alteração das células produtoras de colágeno, durante transformação tumoral.
3

An Extremely Rare, Remote Intracerebral Metastasis of Oral Cavity Cancer: A Case Report

Leimert, Mario, Juratli, Tareq A., Lindner, Claudia, Geiger, Kathrin D., Gerber, Johannes, Schackert, Gabriele, Kirsch, Matthias 06 February 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Distant brain metastases from oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are extremely rare. Here we describe a case of a 53-year-old man with a primary OSCC who referred to the neurosurgical department because of epileptic seizures. MR imaging revealed an enhancing lesion in the right parietal lobe. A craniotomy with tumor removing was performed. Histopathological examination verified an invasive, minimally differentiated metastasis of the primary OSCC. The patient refused whole brain radiation therapy and died from pulmonary metastatic disease 10 months after the neurosurgical intervention without any cerebral recurrence. To the authors’ knowledge, only two similar cases have been previously reported.
4

An Extremely Rare, Remote Intracerebral Metastasis of Oral Cavity Cancer: A Case Report

Leimert, Mario, Juratli, Tareq A., Lindner, Claudia, Geiger, Kathrin D., Gerber, Johannes, Schackert, Gabriele, Kirsch, Matthias 06 February 2014 (has links)
Distant brain metastases from oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are extremely rare. Here we describe a case of a 53-year-old man with a primary OSCC who referred to the neurosurgical department because of epileptic seizures. MR imaging revealed an enhancing lesion in the right parietal lobe. A craniotomy with tumor removing was performed. Histopathological examination verified an invasive, minimally differentiated metastasis of the primary OSCC. The patient refused whole brain radiation therapy and died from pulmonary metastatic disease 10 months after the neurosurgical intervention without any cerebral recurrence. To the authors’ knowledge, only two similar cases have been previously reported.

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