Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 1976. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, May 1917. / Typewritten (carbon copy). Description based on print version record. Bibliography: p. 119-124.

xii, 101 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / This thesis examines the significant expansion of prisons in Oregon in the last fifteen years. In order to explain the evolution of Oregon's prison growth, the thesis analyzes the ways discourses and representations of crime have justified and explained voter approval for punitive policies in Oregon. Drawing from multi-disciplinary literature that documents the central role played by issue framing and discourse construction in political conflicts, I use the case of the 1994 campaign in which key crime initiatives were passed by Oregon voters. The thesis argues that policy decisions and election outcomes are closely related to long-standing perceptions of"insiders" and "outsiders" as a way to view societal problems. Utilizing an extensive media analysis, this thesis considers how political narratives have influenced the passage of ballot measures committed to a punitive direction in crime policy. / Committee in Charge: Professor Daniel HoSang, Chair; Professor Daniel Tichenor; Professor Joseph Lowndes

This study examined the foraminifera and the ecologic conditions of the benthic environment of the Oregon shelf and the uppermost slope (75-550 m depth) between 143°45' N and 144°40' N. Seasonal collections monitored the near-bottom marine environment and the sedimentary substrate at 16 stations. The foraminiferal benthic fauna was examined from eight seasonal stations and two additional stations. Use of a multiple corer provided randomly selected subsarnples of the sediment for ecologic and faunal analyses. Use of water bottles that triggered upon bottom impact provided measurements of the water as close to the bottom as 0. 6 m. Computerized data processing and statistical analyses aided the ecologic and faunal evaluations. The environmental study showed the existence of considerable variation in the hydrography of near-bottom waters, especially between summer and winter (upwelling and non-upwelling) collections at the same station. Upwelling conditions directly affect the benthic Redacted for Privacy environment. In addition, the water at any one place, at least dciring upwelling, was so well mixed that vertical stratification did not exist between 0.6 and 5.0 m off the bottom. Statistically significant sea-. sorial variations in surface sediments at the same station were not observed. The living benthic foraminiferal fauna exhibited considerable within-station variation both in species composition and in specimen size of selected species. The percent abundance of individual dominant species varied in adjacent cores (subsamples) by amounts up to 46%. Living specimens of a single species were found that were three times as large as the smallest living specimen from the same sample, yet there was no evidence of a multimodal size distribution resulting from age classes. The author suggests that the dominant species are aggregated and that the aggregations are colonies of asexually produced siblings. Lack of fit of species-frequency curves to the lognormal distribution indicated that relatively few species are fit to reproduce in a particular environment; most juvenile specimens that enter a particular environment belong to species that will not thrive there and either die or simply maintain growth with little chance of reproductive success. The existence of colonial aggregations of individuals is considered to provide the best explanation of the observed variations between adjacent samples. However, the observed variations could be due to sampling error or to substrate microheterogeneity. A possible natural community of 15 dominant species has been determined for those species that form a consistent part of each other's biologic environment. The community crossed the depth and substrate boundaries upon which the stations were selected and appeared to be a general community for the Oregon outer shelf. The limits of the community appear to be determined mostly by water depth, with approximate boundaries at 75-100 m and somewhere between 200-500 m. Regression analyses to determine the ecologic control on the foraminiferal fauna did not indicate a close correspondence between faunal parameters and environmental variables. Regression analyses to determine the ecologic control on mdividual species indicated that most species depended upon a set of two to four environmental variables rather than upon one single limiting factor. The set for each species was different. Temperature. phosphate concentration and oxygen concentrations were common hydrographic members of sets; percent silt, percent sand, percent clay, organic carbon content and organic nitrogen were common sedimentary members of sets. / Graduation date: 1972

Reforesting harvested lands in southwestern Oregon has been difficult because of low rainfall, high evaporative demand, and competitive understory vegetation. Herbicides have been a preferred method to control competing vegetation but herbicide use on federal lands was curtailed in 1984. As a result, interest in livestock grazing as a vegetation control method has increased. I used prescribed cattle grazing from 1986-1990 to assess effects on reforestation. Treatments were established on a low-elevation (670 m) site to evaluate seedling survival and growth of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco.) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl.). Treatments were: a) seeding of palatable forage species (SU); b) seeding with grazing (SG); c) no seeding with grazing (NG); and d) no seeding or grazing, with paper mulch applied on Douglas-fir only (PM/C). Year 5 mortality among treatments ranged from 57 to 87% for Douglas-fir and 11 to 25% for ponderosa pine. Porcupine girdling and late-spring frost were major causal factors in ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir mortality, respectively. Competition from understory vegetation, browsing, and trampling were only minor causal factors in seedling mortality. Cumulative growth of both species was best in NG. Severe browsing by cattle in year 2 on SG resulted in reduced year 3 relative growth for ponderosa pine. However, year 2 browsing did not reduce long-term relative growth. By year 5, relative growth for ponderosa pine was greatest in SG and lowest in SU. During years 1-3, soil moisture availability was not enhanced on the grazed vs. ungrazed treatments. However, by year 4, xylem potentials and soil moisture indicated seedlings in SG were less water-stressed than those in SU. Reduced water stress probably resulted from reductions in roots of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerate L.) because of defoliation. Sampling with a root periscope indicated roots were reduced for defoliated (SG) plants compared with undefoliated (SU) plants. Leaf area and root growth reductions were apparent mechanisms permitting increased soil moisture availability. These results suggested that prescribed cattle grazing can facilitate reforestation. / Graduation date: 1992

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-60). Also available on the World Wide Web.

An important segment of outdoor recreational activity in eastern Oregon is based on the harvest of deer. The deer population can be altered in two ways. Rangeland, which provides feed and cover for deer, can be improved through public or private investments or hunting regulations can be changed. This study dealt with the economic impact that changes in deer population through changes in range forage and/or deer hunting regulations might have upon a rural community. A computer simulation model of important components and interactions of the bio-economic system was developed. The biological components consist of a deer population, a cattle population, and a range resource. The economic component consists of economic activities within a rural community. It is based on an input-output model with trading patterns among sectors assumed to remain relatively constant. The model can be characterized as a density dependent system with deer and cattle interrelated through the use of available forage. The model can be used for a comparison of two different sets of natural resource management strategies. A set of natural resource management strategies consists of deer hunting patterns, cattle sales patterns, and expected range forage production. The benefits and/or costs resulting from this comparison are divided into rancher benefits, resident benefits, and hunter benefits. Resident benefits are separated into resident income and local government revenue. Experiments using the model indicated that the amount and distribution of benefits from changes in range forage availability were dependent upon the relative levels of production in each of the range forage categories. Deer hunting regulations also affected the amount and distribution of benefits. For the alternatives considered, hunter benefits were affected most and rancher income was affected least by changes in range forage production. Conclusions from the study indicated that information on forage availability as well as the relationship between the use of a range area by either deer or cattle and forage availability would substantially increase accuracy in measurement of the magnitude and distribution of benefits and costs to a community from changes in natural resource management strategies. / Graduation date: 1974

Graduation date: 1985

Graduation date: 1979

Graduation date: 1979