Subjects: This diploma thesis is dedicated to the topic of time management in nursing - it deals with four generations of time management and with its different techniques. Furthermore it describes functions and roles of a manager. Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is to analyse time management issues that concern nurse managers working in intensive care. The main goal of the research is to answer following question: How do nurse managers in intensive care use and organise their working time? Secondary goals are: to name priorities of nurse managers on an ordinary working day, to find out which timekeeping devices do nurse managers use for direct measuring of time consumption, to analyze managerial strategies used by nurse managers for their time management, to sum up the most frequent tasks postponed by nurse managers for a later time and find the reasons of procrastination. Methodology: Data were gained through a combined quantitative and qualitative research design. Quantitative research was done through the use of a time frame of a working day and a working week of nurse managers. Results were presented in boxes and charts to provide a better overview. Data for qualitative analysis were gained through semi-structured interviews in three focus groups. Qualitative data were processed...

Cette thèse propose d'étudier les instruments du chef d'établissement dans un contexte d'évolution des politiques éducatives et de la nature de sa fonction, managérialisée. En réseaux ambition réussite, les chefs d'établissements se trouvent face à des situations inédites : personnels supplémentaires, co-pilotage des équipes, collectifs nouveaux et hétérogènes à constituer. Nous nous inscrivons dans une perspective historico-culturelle qui considère l'activité individuelle comme une construction sociale portant sur des objets sociaux qui assurent la médiation inter-individuelle. Selon l'approche ergonomique de l'activité, l'activité du chef d'établissement est individuelle mais forcément partagée et médiée par des instruments. Des entretiens répétés de chefs d'établissement ont été analysés et mis en perspective avec les entretiens de divers acteurs scolaires. Les résultats montrent que l'activité du chef d'établissement est empêchée : l'organisation du travail dont il a la charge n'est pas tournée vers la réorganisation du milieu et des rapports sociaux qui s'y inscrivent. D'une part, les instruments utilisés pour agir sur le milieu ne sont pas transformés et la logique verticale de l'établissement domine. En retour, le chef d'établissement perçoit son travail comme inchangé. D'autre part, les instruments utilisés pour agir sur les professeurs ne permettent pas à ces derniers de participer à la réorganisation du milieu. Ils visent à les mobiliser, les faire adhérer, voire leur imposer des manières de faire. En retour, le travail d'organisation des professeurs reste dans l'ombre. Par conséquent, organisation du travail et travail d'organisation ne se rencontrent pas. / This thesis studies the tools of headmasters resulting of the evolution of school policies witch made them as managers. Headmasters are facing unprecedented situations with ambition success networks: new staff, co-leading of teams, forming new and heterogeneous groups. Our historic and cultural approach states that individual activity is a social construction based on social objects witch make possible inter-individual mediation. The ergonomic approach to the activity states that the headmaster's activity is individual but necessarily shared and mediated by tools. Repeated interviews of headmasters have been analyzed and put in perspective with the interviews of several other school actors. The results show that the activity of the headmaster is prevented: the organization of work does not contribute to the reorganization of the milieu and of the social relations. On the one hand, the tools used to act on the milieu are not transformed to reorganize the milieu and the school-based rationale prevails. In return, the headmaster sees his work as unchanged. On the other hand, the tools used to act on teachers do not allow them to contribute to the reorganization of the milieu. The tools aim at mobilize them, make them subscribe, gather them or sometimes set them behavior patterns. In return, the work of organization made by teachers remains in obscurity. Consequently, organization of work and work of organization do not meet.

Процедура оптимизации персонала на предприятии во многом зависит от того, какая методология будет внедрена. Таким образом, классический подход к оптимизации персонала выглядит довольно простым событием, однако он имеет много недостатков и не является актуальной методологией в современном управлении персоналом. Однако многие работодатели прибегают к этому, поэтому каждый участник трудовых отношений должен с ним ознакомиться. Оптимизация численности работников предприятия по стандартной методике предусматривает избавление от тех работников, которые непосредственно не участвуют в формировании прибыли компании или чей вклад в ее формирование минимален. Более того, иногда довольно жесткие меры могут применяться в виде массовых сокращений с учетом чисто экономических показателей. В этом случае негативными аспектами этого процесса могут стать снижение производительности оставшегося персонала, отстранение работников, косвенно положительно повлиявших на производительность труда, снижение имиджа предприятия и другие риски. / The procedure for optimizing personnel in an enterprise depends to a large extent on which methodology will be implemented. Thus, the classic approach to staff optimization looks quite simple, but it has many shortcomings and is not an actual methodology in modern personnel management. However, many employers resort to this, so each employee must familiarize himself with it. Optimization of the number of employees of the enterprise according to the standard methodology provides for the disposal of those workers who do not directly participate in the formation of the company's profit or whose contribution to its formation is minimal. Moreover, sometimes rather stringent measures can be applied in the form of mass reductions, taking into account purely economic indicators. In this case, the negative aspects of this process may be a decrease in the productivity of the remaining personnel, the removal of employees who indirectly positively affected labor productivity, a decrease in the image of the enterprise and other risks.

Diploma thesis focuses on the development of parking building with commercial premises Rychtářka in Plzeň, which is realized in the form of public and private sector partnership. The thesis deals with effective application of project management methods in light of the general contractor Hermosa Parking Plzeň a.s. Information and knowledge gained in the theoretical part of the thesis are then used in the practical part for the design of project management methodics on development project Rychtářka. The outcome of practical part of the thesis is project management methodic, which should help to secure the optimal solution for complex structured process that leads to the realization of parking building Rychtářka and the compliance with all the specific characteristics of development projects.

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