As data collection techniques improve, oftentimes the number of covariates exceeds the number of observations. When this happens, regression models become oversaturated and, thus, inestimable. Many classical and Bayesian techniques have been designed to combat this difficulty, with various means of combating the oversaturation. However, these techniques can be tricky to implement well, difficult to interpret, and unstable. What is proposed is a technique that takes advantage of the natural clustering of variables that can often be found in biological and ecological datasets known as the omics datasests. Generally speaking, omics datasets attempt to classify host species structure or function by characterizing a group of biological molecules, such as genes (Genomics), the proteins (Proteomics), and metabolites (Metabolomics). By clustering the covariates and regressing on a single value for each cluster, the model becomes both estimable and stable. In addition, the technique can account for the variability within each cluster, allow for the inclusion of expert judgment, and provide a probability of inclusion for each cluster. / Ph. D.

L'étude de ce complexe plutonique alcalin fut multidisciplinaire mêlant, observations et mesures sur le terrain, ASM, pétrographie, minéralogie, géochimie (majeur et traces), géochimie isotopique Rb/Sr et Sm/Nd et géochronologie U-Pb sur zircons. La synthèse des résultats démontre la participation minoritaire de plusieurs sources (manteau métasomatisé et fragments continental) en plus de la source prédominante qui est le manteau typique du panache de Kerguelen. Dans un environnement magmatique ouvert, les magmas contaminés ont formé la plus ancienne série magmatique calcique du complexe. La seconde et plus jeune série magmatique a produit (dans un environnement clos) des roches de plus en plus agpaïtique au cours de la différenciation. La mise en place progressive mais diachrone des intrusions s'est faite entre 11,7 (au sud) et 7,9 Ma (au nord). Enfin, le mode de construction de ce pluton en fait un exemple unique connu de laccolithe en contexte intraplaque océanique. / The study of this alkaline plutonic complex was multidisciplinary, mixing field observations and measurements, AMS, petrography, mineralogy, geochemistry (major and traces), isotopic geochemistry Rb / Sr and Sm / Nd and geochronology U-Pb on zircons. The synthesis of the results shows the minor participation of several sources (metasomatised mantle and continental fragments) in addition to the predominant source which is the typical asthenospheric mantle of the Kerguelen plume. In a dynamic and open magmatic system, the contaminated magmas formed the oldest magmatic and calcic series of the complex. The second and younger magmatic series produced (in a closed environment) more and more agpaitic rocks during differentiation. The incremental emplacement of the intrusions occurred between 11.7 (in the south) and 7.9 Ma (in the north). Finally, the type of construction of this pluton makes it a unique known example of laccolith in oceanic within-plate settings.