This work presents a floristic survey and taxonomic treatment of the pteridophytes (lycophytes and monilophytes) of Island of Mosqueiro, municipality of Belém, State of Pará. This island comprises an area of 22.000 ha with rich in habitats, as well as large natural forest remains, making possible the occurrence of large species diversity of pteridophytes. For accomplishing the inventory, sampling was carried out in different environments, inside and on the margins of the forests, as well as open habitats and disturbed sites in urban zone, from March to October 2005, and in November 2006. The usual methods and specialized literature were utilized for the analysis and identification of the collected specimens. Identification keys and descriptions of the families, genera and species are provided as well as photographs, geographic distribution, comments on the species and a glossary containing specific terms from pteridology used in the present work. In the study area, 19 families, 34 genera and 70 species (five lycophytes and 65 monilophytes) were recorded. The families with the largest number of species were Hymenophyllaceae with 12 species, fallowed by Lomariopsidaceae, with eight species and Dryopteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Pteridaceae and Vittariaceae, with six species each. The most representative genus were Trichomanes L. (Hymenophyllaceae), with ten species, Elaphoglossum Schott. ex J. Sm. (Lomariopsidaceae) with six species and Adiantum L. (Pteridaceae) with four species. Of the 70 species recorded for the area, eight are new references for the State of Pará {Salpichlaena hookeriana (Kuntze) Alston, Triplophyllnm angustifolium Holttum, Trichomanes Irollii Bergdolt, Elaphoglossum ohovatum Mickel, E. styriacum Mickel and Hecistopteris kaieteurensis Kelloff & G.S. McKee), and one, for the North Region of Brazil (Ihelypleris macrophylla (Kunze) C.V. Morton). The island of Mosqueiro presents a greater number of species, as compared to other arcas of Belém metropolitan area. / O presente trabalho trata do levantamento florístico e tratamento taxonômico das pteridófitas (licófitas e monilófitas) da ilha de Mosqueiro, município de Belém, Estado do Pará. Essa ilha, com cerca de 22.000 ha, apresenta uma grande riqueza de habitats, bem como extensos remanescentes de floresta natural, possibilitando a ocorrência de uma grande diversidade de espécies de pteridófitas. Para realizar o inventário, coletas foram realizadas em diferentes ambientes no interior e margens das matas, bem como em habitats abertos e áreas alteradas da zona urbana, no período de março a outubro de 2005, e em novembro de 2006. Para a análise e identificação taxonômica dos exemplares coletados, foram utilizadas técnicas usuais e literatura especializada. São apresentadas chaves de identificação e descrições das famílias, gêneros e espécies, bem como fotografias, distribuição geográfica, comentários sobre as espécies estudadas e um glossário com termos específicos em pteridologia, utilizados no presente trabalho. Na área estudada, foram registradas 19 famílias, 34 gêneros e 70 espécies, das quais cinco são licófitas e 65 são monilófitas. As famílias com maior riqueza específica foram Hymenophyllaceae com 12 espécies, seguida de Lomariopsidaceae com oito espécies e Dryopteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Pteridaceae e Vittariaceae com seis espécies cada. Os gêneros mais representativos foram Trichomanes L. (Hymenophyllaceae) com 10 espécies, Elaphoglossum Schott. ex J. Sm. (Lomariopsidaceae) com seis espécies e Adiantum L. (Pteridaceae) com quatro espécies. Das 70 espécies registradas na área estudada, são citadas pela primeira vez para o Estado do Pará Salpichlaena hookeriana (Kuntze) Alston, Triplophyllnm angustifolium Holttum, Trichomanes Irollii Bergdolt, Elaphoglossum ohovatum Mickel, E. styriacum Mickel e Hecisíopíeris kaieteurensis Kelloff& G.S. McKee, e para a Região Norte, Thelypteris macrophylla (Kunze) C.V. Morton. A ilha de Mosqueiro apresenta maior riqueza específica que as demais áreas já estudadas na Região Metropolitana de Belém.

This thesis offers a fresh appraisal of the wise adviser in Pindar's epinician poetry. By focusing on the prominent figure of Chiron, it shows how Pindar engages with the paraenetic tradition in a way that reveals the distinctive character of the epinician poet. The first part of the study explores the function of Chiron as an interactive model for Pindar as poet-teacher. Chapter 1 examines how the mythical pedagogue enhances the status of the poet as wise adviser by illuminating the moral character of his advice. It shows how the relationship between teacher and pupil in the myth provides a model for that of poet and addressee and enables the poet to present his advice indirectly. In two separate case studies, I explore how Chiron's paradigmatic associations interact with the poet as adviser. In Chapter 2 (Nemean 3), I argue that the poet dramatises the instruction of a pupil as part of a collaborative and interactive form of learning. In Chapter 3 (Pythian 3), I argue that Pindar reconfigures preceptual instruction in a 'dialogue' between two speakers who enact the pedagogic relationship of Chiron and Asclepius. This strategy allows the poet to present his teaching tactfully and authoritatively. I conclude that Chiron is a figure for the poet as tactful and authoritative adviser and contributes to the poet's creation of a 'paraenetic encomium'. Secondly, this study of the reception and remodelling of the paraenetic tradition in Pindar illuminates the distinctive character of his advice and its central importance in Pindar's construction of poetic and moral authority.

We discuss the PL spectra of the InN band gap. The InN thin film epitaxy grows on both Si (111) and sapphire (0001) by the PA-MBE (molecular beam epi). We change different grown conditions to improve the sample quality. In experiment part, the first step is to make sure the sample is really InN, using X-ray diffraction. And then we compare the quality of all sample, by the FWHM of X-ray diffraction rocking curve and the SEM pictures.

Diss.--München, 2003. / Bibliogr. p. 353-359.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 339-359). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Department Honors) - Franklin & Marshall College, 2006. / Double click URL for full text access. Includes bibliography p. 57-58.

This thesis examines the Greek wedding song and its function in literature and culture. The genre, hymenaios or epithalamium, has received little scholarly attention, particularly in English (cf. Muth, WS 1954; Tufte, Los Angeles 1970; Contiades-Tsitsoni, Stuttgart 1990, ZPE 1994; Swift, JHS 2006 & DPhil diss.). Yet an examination of the poetry of marriage, a crucial aspect in the study of the ancient world, contributes to our understanding of gender and social relations, as well as literature. Using elements of genre theory, gender studies, anthropology and cultural history, I argue that the epithalamium was part of a ritual of transition; for both the bride and for the community. The archaic epithalamium enacts this transition in lyric; tragic adaptations of the genre explore the consequences when this tradition is unsuccessfully performed. In contrast, the wedding songs of Attic comedy represent a 'happy ever after' ending for the communities of the protagonists, and portray these unions as a Sacred Marriage of man and goddess. The Helenistic epithalamium takes elements of these literary predecessors, and uses them to articulate a transition in marital relations, and literary politics, in the oeuvre of Theocritus. Philia relations in this era evolve to depict a more prominent mutuality between husband and wife, which also underpins the erotic writings of Plutarch. But more importantly, this author develops epithalamial topoi to present marriage as an 'initiation' for the bridal couple, which brings the thesis full-circle to the concept of transition while laying the foundation for one of the central concepts of Menander Rhetor's prescripts.

How were Greek plays viewed in the fifth century BCE and by deepening our understanding of their visual dimension might we increase our knowledge of the plays themselves? The aim of this study is to set out the importance of the visual (opsis) when considering ancient Greek drama and provide a basis for constructing a form of “visual dramaturgy” that can be effectively applied to the texts. To that end, this work is divided into five sections, which follow a “top-down” analysis of ancient dramatic visuality. The analysis begins with a survey of the prevailing visual culture and Greek attitudes about sight and the eye. Following this is an examination of the roots of drama in the performance of public collective movement forms (what I have called “symporeia”) and their relationships to the environments they moved through, including the development of the fifth century theatre at the Sanctuary of Dionysos Eleuthereus in Athens. The focus then falls on the dramatic mask and it is proposed here that operating in this environment it was the visual focus of Greek drama and the primary conveyer of the emotional content of the plays. Drawing on new research from the fields of cognitive psychology and neuroscience relating to facial processing and recognition, gaze direction, foveal and peripheral vision and neural responses to masks, movement and performance, it is explained how the fixed dramatic mask was an incredibly effective communicator of dramatic emotion capable of eliciting intensely individual responses from its spectators. This study concludes with a case study based on Aeschylus Oresteia and the raising of Phidias’ colossal bronze statue of Athena on the Acropolis and the impact that this may have had on the original reception of the trilogy.

This thesis presents a new Latin text of the Prolegomena and accompanying prefatory material of the Cologne 1642 edition of the Virgil commentary by the Spanish Jesuit scholar Juan Luis De La Cerda. It provides an original English translation of this material along with explanatory notes which focus upon the social, educational, intellectual and political influences that informed La Cerda's work. The notes also take account of some of the rhetorical and stylistic aspects of La Cerda's work. An introduction situates the work in its cultural and intellectual context and provides a clear overview of the structure and composition of the Prolegomena.

This study surveys Galen of Pergamum's (AD 129–c. 216) impact on the Arabic traditions of Plato's Timaeus in the ninth to thirteenth centuries. It draws attention to the important role that Galen's two exegeses On the Medical Statements in Plato's Timaeus (Περὶ τῶν ἐν τῷ Πλάτωνος Τιμαίῳ ἰατρικῶς εἰρημένων) and the Synopsis of Plato's Timaeus played in transmitting the dialogue into Arabic, and thus shaping medieval Arabic thinkers' understanding of its doctrines. The first of these two texts is fragmentary in Greek and Arabic; this study offers a comprehensive overview of the surviving material and reassesses its authenticity. The Synopsis is preserved in a medieval Arabic translation, and my examination of this work reconsiders its attribution to an associate of the famous translator Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq (d. c. 873 or 877). The analyses of these treatments also highlight Galen's critical approaches to the Timaeus, specifically how he interprets it in light of his medical knowledge and the intellectual context of Middle Platonism. By exploring the use of the Timaeus commentary and Synopsis in the works of ar-Rāzī, al-Bīrūnī, Ibn Sīnā, Mūsā ibn ʿAzrā, Yehuda Halevi, Ibn Rušd, and Mūsā ibn Maymūn, this study shows that Galen's approach helped broaden the dialogue's application to other fields of learning besides philosophy, such as medicine, poetics, and theology.