Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1983. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-104).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1967. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan.

This retrospective cohort study investigated the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the soft tissues using CBCTs. The sample consisted of 60 subjects: experimental group (n=30, treated with rapid maxillary expansion (RME), age:10.93 ± 2.20) and control group (n=30, age 11.43 ± 2.8). Soft tissue measurements were made using soft tissue landmarks. Paired t-test was used to compare the changes after expansion, and student t-test was used to compare the experimental and the control group. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to evaluate intra-examiner reliability. Statistically significant differences were noted when comparing the experimental to the control group in transverse and anterior posterior dimensions. Increase was noted at the bialar distance (0.90mm, p=0.0363), nostril medium left to midsagittal plane (0.75mm, p=0.0423), the angle of pronasale to nostril base right and left (1.640, p<.001), columella width (0.56mm, p=0.0272), nostril base left to midsagittal plane, (1.03mm, p=0.0207), chelion right to endocanthus right (1.57mm, p=0.0086), chelion left to endocanthus left (1.96mm, p=0.0015). Anteroposteriorly, the tip of the nose moved forward (pronasale to coronal plane (1.97mm, p=0.0018), nostril medium right to coronal plane (1.07mm, p=0.0486), alare right to coronal plane (1.67mm, p=0.0117), pronasale to nostril base left (2.24mm, p<0.001) and right (2.12mm, p<0.001). Finally comparing genders, all the measurements were significantly greater in males compared to females except for columella width. In conclusion, RME influences soft tissue changes of the face, specifically in the nasal area. The base of the nose, bialar distance and columella widened while the tip of the nose moved forward.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Vibration forces (VF) have been shown to alter the formative and resorptive activities of bone. Studies have investigated the use of VF in applications such as the treatment of osteoporosis, bone fracture healing and implant osteointegration with favorable results. In dentistry, orthodontic tooth movement and maxillary suture expansion are common procedures typically requiring prolonged treatment durations with high relapse rates. We hypothesized that local, intermittent VF applications can enhance bone formation during rapid maxillary expansion and accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. Moreover, we also investigated expression of periostin/OSF-2, an adhesion molecule implicated in the formation of bone during maxillary suture expansion. Our results showed that intermittent VF significantly increased bone volume density of the expended palatal bone but limited the amount of palatal expansion and mineral apposition rate at the suture margins. Also, intermittent VF forces did not show statistically significant acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement but significantly enhanced bone volume density of the interradicular bone after tooth movement. Maxillary expansion was also shown to induce the expression of periostin which was proportional to the magnitude of the expansion force with increased bone mineral deposition.

No description available.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:43:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1811956 bytes, checksum: ae2bb45d4510bb24c39cd235465cd4c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation aims at analyzing the lateral palatal segment in the paraibano dialect of Brazilian Portuguese and its variants (palatal [&#955;], alveolar [l], glide [j] and deletion [Ø]), under the theoretical-methodological model of the Variation Theory proposed by William Labov (1966, 1972), describing the structural and social constraints underneath. The synchronic corpus was produced from 36 individuals of the speech community of Jacaraú (Paraíba) and is socially stratified according to sex, age and years of schooling. Linguistic and extra-linguistic variables which were likely to influence the variation were taken into consideration. This study also intends to analyze the behavior of that variation in texts from the 18th century, and to present the arboreal representations of the lateral segment according to the Geometry of Phonological Features (CLEMENTS & HUME, 1995). The software Goldvarb X (SANKOFF, TAGLIAMONTE & SMITH, 2005), a variable rule program used as a tool for the quantitative data, selected sex (feminine), age (15 to 25), years of schooling (1 to 8), following phonological context (labial vowel), preceding phonological context (coronal vowel) and number of syllables (trisyllabic) as the most relevant variables in the variation of the lateral palatal segment in the speech community of Jacaraú (Paraíba). / Esta dissertação é um estudo da lateral palatal e suas realizações no dialeto paraibano (a palatal [&#955;], a alveolar [l], a semivogal [j] e o zero fonético [Ø]), sob o modelo teórico-metodológico da Teoria da Variação proposto por William Labov (1966, 1972), visando a descrever os fatores estruturais e sociais sobre o seu uso. O corpus sincrônico aqui utilizado é o dialeto paraibano falado por 36 indivíduos da cidade de Jacaraú (Paraíba) e está estratificado socialmente com relação ao sexo, a faixa etária e anos de escolarização. São analisadas variáveis linguísticas e extralinguísticas que podem exercer influência na variação em estudo. Também se pretendeu analisar o comportamento dessa variável em textos do século XVIII e apresentar as representações arbóreas das variantes segundo a Geometria dos Traços (CLEMENTS & HUME, 1995). O Programa Goldvarb X, utilizado para produção dos índices estatísticos e probabilísticos, selecionou as variáveis sexo (feminino), idade (15 a 25 anos), escolaridade (1 a 8 anos), contexto fonológico seguinte (vogal labial), contexto fonológico precedente (vogal coronal) e número de sílabas do vocábulo (trissílabos) como as mais relevantes no processo de variação da lateral palatal na fala jacarauense.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-07-25T12:01:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivop total.pdf: 1213766 bytes, checksum: 5661a21195a517532ae8df41f0209569 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T12:01:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivop total.pdf: 1213766 bytes, checksum: 5661a21195a517532ae8df41f0209569 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11 / The main purpose of this academic work is to demonstrate the dynamic and social aspect of language, according as that speakers uses various forms of the nasal consonant palatal segment, the /ɲ/, depending on the linguistic and extralinguistic factors that they are submitted. The specific purposes are: identify the linguistic and extralinguistic conditions that may influence the variation of the nasal palatal /ɲ/; observe the variable accomplishment of the palatal nasal consonant as a variable null [ø] or the maintenance of the phoneme [ɲ], and reveal if the palatal nasal undergoes a process of a stable variation or language change process. This research corpus was taken from VALPB Project (HORA; PEDROSA, 2001), that has 34 informants, so we could verify is the speakers of Portuguese in a community of João Pessoa vary or not the palatal nasal. For this, we verified the variables tonicity word, following phonological context, precedent phonological context, number of syllables, grammatical category and sex as the most relevant for the deletion of palatal nasal in words. Our results shows that when the words has the palatal nasal consonant as a variable null, in the process of variation, the nasality of /ɲ/ remains, standing in the preceding vowel. Besides that, we verified the relevance of precedent phonological context, especially when it was the phoneme [i], because when the palatal nasal is deleted, the [i] keeps the distinctive feature coronal of [ɲ]. Our phenomenon is in a stable variation, given that the same speaker uses both a term with the maintenance of sound, as used with the deletion, at different times. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral demonstrar o caráter dinâmico e social da língua, na medida em que falantes usam formas variadas do segmento consonantal nasal palatal, o /ɲ/, a depender dos fatores linguísticos e extralinguísticos a que são submetidos. Os objetivos específicos são: identificar quais as condições linguísticas e extralinguísticas que podem influenciar na variação da nasal palatal /ɲ/, observar a realização da consoante nasal palatal em sua realização variável como apagamento [ø] ou manutenção do fonema [ɲ], e destacar se a consoante nasal palatal passa por um processo de variação estável ou um processo de mudança linguística. O corpus desta pesquisa foi retirado do Projeto VALPB (HORA; PEDROSA, 2001), com 34 informantes, para que pudéssemos verificar se os usuários da língua portuguesa da comunidade de João Pessoa variam ou não a nasal palatal. Para isso, verificamos as variáveis tonicidade, contexto fonológico seguinte, contexto fonológico precedente, número de sílabas, categoria gramatical e sexo como as mais relevantes para o apagamento da nasal palatal nos vocábulos. Nossos resultados demonstraram que quando a consoante nasal palatal não é produzida pelos falantes, a nasalidade de /ɲ/ permanece, ao se espraiar para a vogal precedente. Além disso, foi observada a relevância do contexto fonológico precedente, mais precisamente do segmento vocálico [i] que aparece como um forte elemento condicionador de variação, pois quando a nasal palatal é apagada, o [i] mantém o traço distintivo de coronalidade de [ɲ]. O nosso fenômeno constitui uma variação estável, tendo em vista que um mesmo falante tanto usa um vocábulo com a manutenção do fonema, quanto usa com o apagamento, em momentos distintos.