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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Engaging Communities in Health Geography? Assessing the Strategy of Community-Based Participatory Research

Lovell, Sarah A. 16 October 2007 (has links)
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) positions community members on an equal footing with their academic colleagues and makes them responsible for the decisions which shape the direction and substance of research. The approach is founded on ideals of empowerment and the raising of critical awareness amongst stakeholders while contributing to social and community change. This thesis examines the practice of CBPR; specifically, the inconsistencies between its ideals and the achievement of meaningful outcomes, and its relative absence within health geography. While the thesis relies most heavily on theories of social capital for its conceptual framing, it also draws on three key concepts stigma, and critical and oppositional consciousness. Three CBPR case studies were initiated to uncover the challenges, benefits, and shortcomings of the approach involving people living with HIV/AIDS, persons with disabilities, and residents of social housing. The projects were evaluated using a range of strategies including participant observation, interviews with key stakeholders, questionnaires, and focus group discussions. The implementation of these projects ranged in success from being sidelined by managerial difficulties, community mobilization efforts proving unsuccessful, to a fully realized CBPR case study. ii The case studies illustrate the tenuous position of a researcher engaged in grassroots community mobilization and the need for core levels of social capital to precede the researcher’s intervention. Interviews with CBPR stakeholders exposed the sense of purpose and value of being united against a given cause and even the social benefits of connecting with others. The interviews brought into question the imposition of stringent research expectations upon community members who may face multiple barriers to carrying out research and gain little benefit from the practice. I conclude by suggesting that CBPR is a long way from being the perfect marriage of academia and community, failing adequately to meet the needs of both parties. In particular, the third case study demonstrates that stakeholders are critically aware of issues that affect their lives, their capabilities to carry out research and the roles that the researcher might play. Ultimately, this raises questions about what role CBPR might play in community mobilization, especially when the resources of groups are limited socially, economically and politically. / Thesis (Ph.D, Geography) -- Queen's University, 2007-09-28 16:24:40.67
2

Self-advocacy and families : co-researching with people with learning difficulties

Mitchell, Paula Jane January 1986 (has links)
No description available.
3

Identifying Parenting Practices Important in the Development of Oppositional Defiant Behavior in an Urban, Racial and Ethnic Minority Population

January 2019 (has links)
archives@tulane.edu / Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is one of the most common childhood behavior disorders and a frequent reason for children’s and parent’s use of mental health services. Parenting plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of ODD. However, most research on parenting has been conducted with White, middle class families and may not apply universally to urban, racial-ethnic minority populations. Given that specific parenting practices related to the development of behavior problems may vary by population, the current study aims to assess how parenting practices as defined by community members in an ethnic minority, urban, and economically disadvantaged community relate to children’s behavior problems. Participants include 109 youth ages 9-15 and their 109 caregivers from an urban, racial-ethnic minority population. Caregivers completed ratings of their children’s behavior problems. Youth reported on a measure, “Showing Kids Love,” which included three subscales indicating if youth felt love from caregivers, if love was demonstrated to them, and if their father or a father figure was involved in their life. Regression analyses were conducted to determine how these three community-derived indicators of healthy parenting relate to children’s behavior problems. Decreases in youth feeling love were associated with significant increases in ODD symptoms. Increases in love being demonstrated to youth were associated with significant decreases in ODD symptoms. Increases in father or other father figure involvement were associated with decreases in ODD symptoms, though this relationship only approached statistical significance. Findings support the importance of youth receiving warmth and affection from caregivers and highlight the importance of community-based research. Future research should continue to use community-based research to evaluate how parenting practices influence children’s behavior problems. / 1 / Casi Rupp
4

Using Methods that Matter: A Critical Examination of Photovoice for Studying Supportive Housing

Bendell, Katherine January 2015 (has links)
Photovoice is a Participatory Action Research (PAR) method that generates knowledge about the lived experiences of members of marginalized communities. Participants are understood to be experts of their experiences and are asked to take photos of their lives. Photovoice is highly flexible in application and participants can have varying degrees of involvement in components of the method, from design to dissemination of findings. Although providing opportunity for a high degree of participation is ideal, this is less frequently demonstrated in the literature. To understand the impact of participation on the type of information generated, individuals living in supportive housing were asked to share their experiences of their housing. Perspectives of consumers of supportive housing have had little presence in the housing literature, particularly within a photovoice framework. Therefore, this research asked consumers about their housing as well as how they experienced their participation across two photovoice projects that afforded more and less opportunity for participation. This dissertation consists of three studies conducted on two distinct projects. Studies 1 and 2 were conducted on the HousingPlus Photovoice Project, an investigator initiated and driven application of photovoice. Study1 examined what can be learned about supportive housing and revealed rich information about participants’ experiences with their housing. Study 2 examined experiences of stakeholders with the photovoice method, including participants and project contributors. Study 2 revealed three distinct approaches to photography: planned, discovery-oriented, and task-oriented approaches to photography. Participants who used a discovery-oriented approach tended to benefit the most from this project. Contributors shared the common value of supporting participation but had divergent perspectives of the photographs, an important product of participation. Contributors tended to focus either on the external or internal photo narratives. Study 3 was conducted on the Home Photovoice Project, which was initiated and run by a community-based agency. This second project provided a point of comparison to determine whether a more participatory application of photovoice would result in similar or distinct findings related to supportive housing and stakeholder experiences with the method. Although the three distinct styles of participation observed in the HousingPlus Photovoice Project were also observed in the Home Photovoice Project, most participants developed a planned approach to photography over time. Participants who began with a planned or task-oriented approach tended to benefit the most from this more participatory application of photovoice. More was learned about shared participant experiences and perspectives in the Home Photovoice Project. In contrasting these projects it is apparent that the choice of methodological focus significantly impacts the photos and narratives produced, approaches to participation, and stakeholder experiences of photovoice. This has important implications for the design and delivery of photovoice projects.
5

Participatory action research for emotionally meaningful stories

Kanchana Manohar, Arthi January 2017 (has links)
In this thesis, I developed an empirically and theoretically grounded understanding of participatory action research (PAR). My aim was to develop and explore PAR methods within three culturally different fishing communities located in India, Portugal and the UK in order to generate emotionally meaningful stories. The work was conducted as part of the practice-led TOTeM research project and aspires to be associated with such works that have been able to make a methodological contribution by introducing theoretical insights, innovative methods and analytical concepts. In this study, the key finding is revealing the importance of the preliminary activities that helped design the innovative methods. I assess how my PAR methods, such as story interviews, digital storytelling workshops and story kits, helped me to gather participants’ personal experiences within the three chosen communities. Photographs and ‘objects’ provided a medium through which to identify stories that were emotionally meaningful to the participants. These stories gathered from the three chosen communities were analysed through a story narrative analysis method. Each method evoked strong, emotionally meaningful responses from the participants with regard to human relationships and demonstrated the vital role of objects in identifying stories that illustrate the participants’ intimate relationships. The collective findings from the three communities established that the methods utilised provided a new way of synthesising storytelling with digital technologies. The findings reinforce the role played by the participants as co-creators in collaboratively designing the methods, enabling me to craft a better way to gather stories. Upon critical reflection of the methods, supporting evidence was found that storytelling serves as an invaluable technique in providing participants with opportunities to explore their cultural identity through uniquely self-reflecting narratives and shared moments. I present the three stages of the participatory methods as my story culture framework and the findings and challenges as my original contribution to knowledge. I propose that this transferable framework will support designers as they engage with various settings to elicit information from user and stakeholder participants, develop their own experiential and critical perspectives and utilise their intuitive and expressive expertise to establish, manage and sustain productive human-centred design relationships.
6

“Four years of ramen and poverty:” using participatory research to examine food insecurity among college students at Kansas State University

Klugesherz, Miranda Blaise January 1900 (has links)
Master of Arts / Department of Communications Studies / Timothy J. Shaffer / Defined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture as “limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods,” food insecurity is a symptom of systematic disempowerment and represents one of the most prevalent social ailments to impact first-world countries. In a county where one in eight individuals does not have regular access to meals, food insecurity is far from a problem typically associated with college students. However, Feeding America, the largest emergency food assistance network in the nation, reports that one out of every ten people they serve is a student. In total, half of all students will find themselves unable to afford to eat at least once within their academic career; consequently, 1 in 4 will drop out. This thesis argues that the voices and narratives of food insecure students have been absent from the very research meant to represent them. Consequently, little is known of the situational nuances that accompany student hunger, reifying the dominant discursive structure. This research employs Photovoice, a participant-led methodology which invites members of marginalized groups to photograph places, things, and events representative of, or crucial to, their daily life. This study examines the narratives of seven college students, ranging from their first-year to PhD status, in an effort to fill the gap in the knowledge regarding student hunger and food insecurity. This research found that students who experience food insecurity engage in self-blaming practices and, thus, do not believe they have the right to be hungry or ask for help. Instead, food-insecure students employ several strategies, including face negotiation and disclosure, to minimize the severity of their situation and mitigate tensions between their health, finances, and convenience. This study concludes with a discussion of implications, limitations and areas for future research.
7

Timefullness : an exploration of timeless fashion in the context of sustainability

Braun, Noemi Jurina January 2022 (has links)
There is an urgent need to reevaluate current consumption habits and design practices in the fashion industry. In an effort to design clothing that not only lasts longer but is also kept longer, timeless aesthetics are to be considered. But what is timeless and how may it be assessed in the context of the ever-changing cultural Zeitgeist? This project is based on a participatory research process in collaboration with several people aged 60 and older.  In order to propose solutions that align with the diversity of viewpoints that came up during this research, a series of events were organised that corresponded to the different approaches to sustainable practices of the participants. The project emphasises the importance of diversifying fashion experiences for a more sustainable fashion future.
8

Community Members as Recruiters of Human Subjects: Ethical Considerations

Simon, Christian, Mosavel, Maghboeba 01 March 2010 (has links)
Few studies have considered in detail the ethical issues surrounding research in which investigators ask community members to engage in research subject recruitment within their own communities. Peer-driven recruitment (PDR) and its variants are useful for accessing and including certain populations in research, but also have the potential to undermine the ethical and scientific integrity of community-based research. This paper examines the ethical implications of utilizing community members as recruiters of human subjects in the context of PDR, as well as the authors' experience with a variant of PDR in a research project in South Africa. The importance of situating PDR in a comprehensive community engagement process that is responsive to the constraints of science and local needs and interests is emphasized. The paper will have relevance to bioethicists, health researchers, and research regulators concerned about the appropriate use of peer-driven recruitment strategies in health research.
9

Impact, Sustainability, and Dependency: The Case of Empower Playgrounds, Inc.

Franklin, Ammon B. 10 August 2011 (has links) (PDF)
This thesis studies impact, sustainability, and dependency in the nonprofit sector. Empower Playgrounds, Inc. (EPI) is a nonprofit organization working to improve educational conditions in Africa through educational recreation, lighting for education, and hands-on science labs. A social impact assessment I performed for EPI in 2008 creates the context for discussion of EPI's sustainability. Dependency results from a lack of sufficient conditions for sustainability—resources, capability, and opportunity—which I elucidate in a framework of corresponding theories of capital. Using this sufficiency framework I analyze the resources, capabilities, and opportunities required for EPI program sustainability, determine unmet conditions, and propose solutions to improve sustainability. This thesis contributes to the nonprofit sustainability literature by combining problem-driven (as opposed to solution-driven) design processes with theories of capital to assess nonprofit program sustainability. This framework is a powerful planning and assessment tool for both business model generation and program design.
10

WORKING WITH THE COMMUNITY TO DEVELOP A NEW MEASURE OF NEIGHBORHOOD YOUTH SUPPORT

Hohl, Bernadette Callahan January 2013 (has links)
Despite the decline in homicide rates over the last twenty years, youth violence remains a significant public health issue which disproportionately affects young people of color and is often found at higher rates in urban, disadvantaged neighborhoods. To advance prevention efforts it is important to consider factors beyond the individual such as neighborhood and societal factors that influence youth development. Furthermore, input on neighborhood level factors from members of communities that experience high rates of youth violence can provide unique insight into community life and culture as well as engage communities in prevention efforts. The purpose of this project was to demonstrate a measurement development process that includes community participation and through that process, establish a measure that captures neighborhood social processes that may influence youth behavior as a local urban, disadvantaged community has described them. Previous community based participatory research (CBPR) efforts have identified a concept "neighborhood youth support" as important to youth violence prevention. Guided by principles of CBPR, the current study employed a mixed methods design to develop a measure of this concept. Results of a comprehensive review of social support concepts were used to identify constructs, measures and quality of the measures for the purpose of operationalizing "neighborhood youth support". Next a draft instrument and instructions for the instrument were created. This instrument was then assessed for content validity using a participatory research approach that engaged a community expert panel to review, revise and approve the final instrument for testing in the community. The measure was piloted with a convenience sample of community residents (N=65) and subsequently analyzed for internal consistency reliability and construct validity. Eleven community members and three academic researchers participated on the panel. The final measure consisted of 25 questions in five sub-scales: leadership, respect, intervening in negative behavior, adult presence, and active engagement in positive behavior. Results showed the individual scales to be internally consistent (alpha .626-.783). Principal axis factoring concluded that three of the five scales were measuring one domain while two others were not as clear. Spearman correlations showed moderate to strong positive correlations between these scales and already established scales thought to work similarly as the new scales. Results showed that the measure had good internal consistency and behaved as predicted in comparison to previously validated measures. Moreover, it was established that partnering with community members in measurement development is feasible. This study will help to inform future participatory projects by providing community and academic partnerships with a process for including community voice in measurement development. Finally, the results of this study could help future prevention efforts by providing academic and community researchers with a more nuanced measurement tool and a better understanding of community social processes. / Public Health

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