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The work was aimed at assessing the impact of the environmental characteristics of the site and shells on overwintering spiders in snail shells. Collecting shells took place in winter 2015 and the turn of the year 2015/2016 at eleven anthropogenic and post industrial locations. 889 shells were documented (C. vindobonensis, X. obvia), of which were obtained 146 spiders with the largest representation of interest species: P. tripunctatus, P. nigrociliatus and S. penicillatus. Positive results within the environmental characteristics, brought the presence of low and sparse vegetation, the presence of the bare soil and rock substrate. Sinking shells has proven be negative in this case. Other observed characteristics related to the shells, and management have not been established for determining factors for the selection of shells for the overwintering.

The main target of this diploma thesis was to determine the number of spiders in the cavities and on the bark of fruit trees in the wider area of the village Želetice. The re-search was conducted on Prunus avium, where I chose 37 trees in two localities. Spiders have gathered in cardboard and newspaper traps within a year, I have been choosing traps every month. In total 888 traps were placed and 254 spiders were captured. Juve-nile individuals were 310 and adult 44, most represented by the family Philodromidae with 45.3% of all individuals. Spiders were divided into 11 families and 20 species, the most abundant species was the Nuctenea umbratica. Most spiders were in November, 52 individuals. Proportion between the placement of the trap was 56 % of spiders on the bark and 44 % of spiders in the cavity.

The aim of this dissertation "Arachonofauna cavities of the head willows" was to find a cavity fauna that inhabits willow trees and point out the pollarding of willow trees as a suitable management for the formation of cavities. The chosen location for this research was Vojkovice near Židlochovice, where during the years 2018 – 2019 were examined 21 willow trees with the help of newspaper traps. Traps were always exchanged at monthly intervals. A total of 72 spiders were found, of which only 10 were adults. The most important finding of this work is the discovery of Midia midas (Simon, 1884), which represents a typical inhabitant of hollow fauna and is a highly endangered species. This finding indicates that willow cavities are also a refuge for rare species. Juvenile individuals were most represented in the Gnaphosidae family of 20 pieces. Most of the spiders found were synanthropic species, so they are close to humans.

The main target of my diploma thesis was the comparison of wolfspider fauna on cattle and sheep grazing pastures. For this reason I laid pitfall traps at these pastures during three months of 2017. I collected pitffall traps every month. Totally I got 90 samples. 3418 spiders were caught in total, from this 1164 individuals belonged to wolfspiders. I determinated all adults wolfspiders and sorted them into 6 species. Ammount of spiders and wolspiders of course varied during the time of study. The most abundant month was May (2532 spiders, 876 of wolfspiders), the number of caught spiders was decreasing rapidly in following months. The most numerous wolfspider spieces was Pardosa palustris (77 % of all wolfspiders). No red list or rare species of wolfspider was caught. Results of study prove that abundance or species diversity of wolfspiders isn´t influenced by species of grazing animal. But intensity of grazing has influence on species diversity and abundance of wolfspiders and spiders generally. Both indicators are decreasing with increas of grazing intensity.

The aim of this work was to find a horizontal influence on the composition of the fauna of wolf spiders located on the banks of the river Morávka (Moravian-Silesian Region). The collection takes place in five selected areas to cover the entire length of the river. It was the region og the spring, the Morávka, Pražmo, Skalice and Frýdek-Místek districts. Spiders were hunted using earth traps. The selection of traps took place on 10 June 2017, 8 July 2017 and 6 August 2017. An important discovery is the finding of one very rare species - Pardosa agricola, two rare species - Arctosa maculata and Pardosa morosa.

The large-scale decline of traditionally managed early-successional habitats caused by the joint effects of agricultural intensification and abandonment of marginal lands has resulted in a critical reduction of xerophilous arthopods throughout Europe. The question is whether newly generated early-successional sites of human-made habitats (in this case vineyard terraces) may partially compensate this habitat loss. My research, therefore, focusses on spiders as model organisms to determine the potential importance of xeric slopes of vineyard terraces for biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes. I analyzed species density, abundances, rareness degree and conservation value among vineyard terraces with two habitat types of different succession stages (sparse and dense grass turf) placed in in landscapes with varying proportions of surrounding potential source areas (steppe -- foresteppes) and different surrounding habitats (habitat structure) around studied terraces. During 2011 were collected by different methods 6040 adult specimens of spiders belonging to 171 species, 69 genus and 24 families. From this representation were calculated high proportion of rare xeric specialist (40 %) and red-listed threatened species (15 %). From the statistical analyses, overall species density and abundance of spiders did not differ significantly between the terraces with sparse and dense vegetation cover, however species density was significantly influenced by presence of xeric grasslands around vineyards. The occurence of rare and endangered epigeic was significantly associated with the type of successional stage (for epigeic and epiphytic species), as well as rareness degree, conservation value and abundances significantly increased with presence of adjacent steppe grasslands. The results indicate that artificial habitats, such as vineyard terraces, are important refuges for wide spectra of xerothermophilous spiders. To prevent losses of rare and endangered xeric species, I suggest some small scale management methods that maintain important microhabitat mosaic structures under the different succession stages.

Spiders belong to one of the most important natural pest antagonists in many agroecosystems. The species diversity and abundance of spiders, hence their biocontrol potential, is directly related and is often increased by the presence of non-agricultural, non-productive areas in the landscape directly surrounded with agroecosystems. My research was focused on spiders related to the vine plats trunks, first of all as organisms reflecting the function of vineyard terraces in relation to increasing their heterogeneity, which in turn reflects on the resulting biodiversity of the landscape, and secondly as pest antagonists in vineyards, which can effectively and nature-friendly contribute to the sustainability of agricultural units. Research areas in the South Moravian Region were selected and species diversity and spider abundance were analyzed. Two vineyards at each site have been selected: classic - plain vineyards and terraced vineyards which were lined with non-productive slopes. From November 2013 to October 2014, 727 adult spiders belonging to 21 species and 7 families were recorded. Concerning the vulnerability of each species, 12 abundant species were found, 4 species were almost threatened, 3 were endangered species, 1 species was strongly endangered, and 1 species was critically endangered. According to the results, we can state that the species spectrum of spiders found on vine plant trunks may in the future function as a biocontrolling agent and may have an interesting influence on vine pests.