Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1969. / Vita. Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1971. / Vita. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.

Thèse--Lettres--Paris, 1901. / Bibliogr. p. XIV-XXXVII.

This paper examines the changes that take place in want patterns when unaccustomed purchasing power is made available to peasant agriculturalists as a result of a recent Government-sponsored development project in the Mexican Gulf Lowlands. It is hypothesized that increased cash income stimulates changes in peasant expenditure patterns and that corresponding changes in wants can be identified. In order to measure the changes that have taken place in expenditure and make inferences about wants, a detailed study has been undertaken of patterns of income and expenditure in a sample group selected within the Plan compared with a control group of peasants outside of the immediate project area. The comparison between the sample groups supports the hypothesis. However, no simple link was found between increased purchasing power and consumption. The initial period of new want development consequent on income increase was characterized by extensive experimental spending on a wide variety of superficial wants, which are unlikely to be incorporated as deep-seated components of the consumption pattern since they are based on short-term impulses prompted by curiosity and prestige motives. Consequently, increased expenditure on want satisfaction had achieved relatively little impact on the standard of living. It was concluded that the main significance of increased income in this context is that it acts as a catalyst to change in wants and brings the consumer to the point where satisfaction of potential wants is possible. Potential wants are not adopted simply because the opportunity is available and the items can be afforded, but only if they are the response to a felt need and have a good fit with the existing cultural matrix. Thus, change in want patterns is a function of change in perception rather than a response to increased income. The value system, then, plays the key role in want development and it appears that change in the value system itself in terms of attitudes, motivations and aspirations, is prerequisite for the development of new wants and the modification of old wants, which in turn stimulates further reformulation of the cultural frame-of-reference. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

No description available.

In the face of catastrophic climate change, scholars and activists have sought to fundamentally transform the existing food system in the United States. One solution being offered, repeasantization, seeks to reinvigorate the idea of the small farm accompanied by principles of ecological production. While invoking the term "peasant" promises something potentially new in the US context, where the farmer is hegemonic, this movement could end up reenacting the failures of the homesteading and back-to-the-land movements which reconstituted settler colonial and capitalist relations in the US imaginary. Using literature from peasant studies, development studies, and Marxist theory, I develop a theoretical orientation towards this potential problem which focuses on how the ideas of the peasant and the farmer are part of a dialectic which has regularly reinforced the existing dominant paradigm. Imagining a new way of thinking, I introduce the concept of the "peasant+ imaginary" in order to outline the ways that the general way of thinking about farming and farmers in the US serves the ideological function of 'othering' alternative practices and subjectivities. Through a historiography which focuses on the structural logic and compulsions of settler colonialism and capitalism, I reconstruct the history of the peasant-farmer dyad in the US context. Through a critical discourse analysis of Farmers' Bulletins, I also show how the United States Department of Agriculture reinforced a settler-capitalist farmer subject-formation in the interest of a "national agriculture" which served to marginalize Black, Indigenous, and non-capitalist ways of being. This dissertation is my contribution to literature which seeks to reimagine the US food system, with the goal of creating a truly sustainable agriculture which nourishes the land and the people who work and live on it. / Doctor of Philosophy / In the face of catastrophic climate change, scholars and activists have sought to fundamentally transform the existing food system in the United States. This dissertation seeks to reinvigorate the idea of the small farm in the US by paying attention to important concerns related to environmental justice. Using writings from a range of scholarly disciplines, I develop theory which focuses on how the ideas of the peasant and the farmer are part of an often problematic relationship in the popular imagination. Imagining a new way of thinking, I introduce the concept of the "peasant+ imaginary" in order to outline the ways that current thinking about farming and farmers in the US often reinforced existing "us versus them" thinking, sidelining alternative, more ecological practices. By highlighting three key moments in US agricultural history and excerpts from United States Department of Agriculture's Farmers' Bulletins, I show how the structural logics and compulsions of settler colonialism and capitalism reinforce conventional ways of thinking about agriculture. I also show how the project of building a "national agriculture" after the Civil War served to marginalize Black, Indigenous, and non-capitalist ways of being. This dissertation is my contribution to literature which seeks to reimagine the US food system, with the goal of creating a truly sustainable agriculture which nourishes the land and the people who work and live on it.

Since the adoption of Law 1008 in 1988, Bolivia's government has organized a campaign to eradicate coca crops in an effort to reduce drug trafficking in the Andean region of South America. Destruction of crops is usually carried out by the Bolivian military or special police forces with support from the United States. However, the policies adopted by these agencies sometimes result in egregious abuses of human rights including unwarranted search and seizure of property, torture, and death. This thesis examines the importance of coca to traditional Andean society as a vital part of indigenous culture and stresses that coca leaf is not cocaine. An examination of the coca eradication campaign follows, including the militarization of the U.S.-backed War on Drugs. The role of the military in Bolivia is discussed, which leads to the question of whether the Bolivian military should actually be involved in the drug war. Suggestions are made for reexamining the role of the military and the training of special police in order to reduce the incidents of human rights abuses against Bolivian peasant coca growers.

So Sung-wan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese Universiry of Hong Kong, 1989. / Bibliography: leaves 244-250.

Wang Siu-ha. / Thesis submitted in: December 2003. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-150). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter Chapter I : --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter II : --- Peasant women before the Revolution --- p.18 / Chapter Chapter III: --- "The Bolsheviks on the ""Women Question""" --- p.46 / Chapter Chapter IV : --- Mobilizing Peasant Women --- p.71 / Chapter A. --- Educating Peasant Women / Chapter (I) --- Formal education --- p.72 / Chapter (II) --- Informal education --- p.76 / Visual political propaganda: poster / Chapter B. --- Coercing Peasant Women / Chapter (I) --- Dekulakization --- p.83 / Chapter (II) --- The Anti-Religious campaign --- p.85 / Chapter Chapter V : --- Peasant Women Respond to Collectivization --- p.91 / Chapter A. --- Educating Peasant Women / Chapter (I) --- Peasant Women Respond to Formal Education --- p.93 / Chapter (II) --- Peasant Women Respond to Informal education --- p.108 / Chapter B. --- Coercion / Chapter (I) --- Dekulakization --- p.112 / Chapter (II) --- Anti-religious measures --- p.115 / Chapter (III) --- Introduction of Secular Rites for Religious Rites --- p.119 / Chapter Chapter VI: --- Conclusion --- p.131 / Chapter A. --- Rationalists --- p.136 / Chapter B. --- Rationalist-Romantics --- p.138 / Chapter C. --- Romantics --- p.139 / Appendix 1 --- p.143 / Appendix 2 --- p.144 / Appendix 3 --- p.145 / Bibliography --- p.146

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of History, August 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.