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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Lay explanations of illness : a study of myocardial infarction

Tipping, Gillian K. January 1991 (has links)
No description available.
2

College student's perception of academic ability and social distance for students with chronic mental and physical illness

Portillo, Kathleen A. 01 January 2008 (has links)
Previous studies have examined how individuals who are diagnosed with mental (McManus, Stubbings, & Martin, 2006) or physical illness (Duggan, Medway & Bunke, 2004) are stigmatized but no study has directly compared how students perceive a person living with a mental versus a physical illness. The present study explored whether participants desired greater social distance from a student who 1) suffered from schizophrenia, 2) was in remission for cancer, relative to a 3) healthy student. The study also investigated whether participants could objectively evaluate the identical written work of these students differently when they are described according to their illnesses. It was hypothesized that college students would desire the greatest social distance from students with mental illness and the least amount of social distance from students described as healthy. In addition, it was hypothesized that college students would evaluate the work of a healthy student more positively than a student who has a chronic mental or physical illness. It was also hypothesized that college students would evaluate the work of a student described as suffering from chronic physical illness more positively than the work of the student described as having a chronic mental illness. For the procedure, participants were given a vignette about a fictional student and were randomly assigned to a vignette that described the student as 1) suffering from schizophrenia which was controlled by medication, 2) in remission for cancer, or 3) healthy. The participants were then asked to evaluate this student's essay using a grading rubric. Participants then completed the Social Distance Scale (Penn, Guynan, Daily, & Spalding, 1994). Finally, students reported demographic information about themselves. A one-way between subjects Multivariate ANOVA was performed on the data, and significant differences were found among conditions for the SDS but not for the scores on the student's essay. The results suggest that the students were able to remain objective while grading the student's assignment, but required greater social distance from a student with a mental or physical illness.
3

Identification des facteurs sociocognitifs liés à l’adhésion au traitement des jeunes atteints d’hémophilie : une étude pour guider l’intervention en milieu hospitalier

Bérubé, Sarah 08 1900 (has links)
L’hémophilie est une maladie héréditaire incurable qui ralentit la coagulation sanguine. Le plan de traitement vise à prévenir les saignements pouvant se produire dans les articulations, puisque ceux-ci peuvent causer des dommages à long terme dans les structures internes. Le traitement consiste en l’administration régulière et continue d’injections de concentré de facteur de coagulation. Le plan de traitement inclut aussi des indications sur les activités physiques sécuritaires et celles à éviter pour les patients atteints de la maladie. Peu de recherches psychosociales ont été conduites en hémophilie à ce jour. L’objectif de cette thèse, composée de 5 articles, était de déterminer les facteurs sociocognitifs susceptibles d’influencer l’adhésion aux recommandations chez les enfants et les adolescents atteints d’hémophilie et de proposer des pistes d’intervention. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes appuyés sur trois modèles théoriques qui apportent, en complémentarité, un éclairage sur des aspects centraux de l’adhésion. Dans le premier article, nous avons traduit en français un instrument de mesure de l’adhésion au traitement par injection et nous avons fourni les données psychométriques préliminaires de l’instrument. Les données ont appuyé son utilisation auprès des jeunes patients, ce qui nous a permis de l’utiliser dans la thèse. Dans le deuxième article, nous avons utilisé la théorie du comportement planifié pour comprendre comment les jeunes se positionnent face aux recommandations de l’équipe médicale en ce qui a trait au traitement par injection et à l’activité physique. Pour cela, nous avons mesuré leur attitude, leur perception de contrôle comportemental, la norme sociale subjective et le comportement passé. Nous avons évalué si ces facteurs étaient liés à l’intention de suivre les recommandations. Les résultats ont indiqué que ces facteurs expliquaient une grande proportion de la variance de l’intention de suivre les recommandations sur l’activité physique, surtout pour celles dites « à risque ». Ayant constaté une bonne adhésion au traitement par injection chez les participants et une adhésion plus faible en ce qui a trait à l’activité physique, nous avons décidé de nous concentrer sur l’activité physique pour la suite. Dans le troisième article, nous avons utilisé le modèle du sens commun pour comprendre comment les patients se représentent leur maladie et si ces représentations pouvaient avoir un impact sur leur pratique d’activé physique. Les perceptions étaient plus négatives pour les domaines suivants : les conséquences de la maladie, le nombre de symptômes et l’impact émotionnel. Lorsque nous avons classé les participants selon leur profil d’activité physique, le sous-groupe « adhésion faible », c’est-à-dire celui qui suivait moins et avait moins l’intention de suivre les recommandations, avait significativement plus de préoccupations par rapport à la maladie et percevait plus de symptômes en moyenne. Le quatrième article souligne l’intérêt du modèle du soutien à l’autonomie de la théorie de l’autodétermination dans l’intervention en hémophilie et consiste en une adaptation pratique de ce modèle aux enjeux spécifiques de la maladie. Le cinquième article porte sur un livret d’information que nous avons développé utilisant la théorie de l’autodétermination. Nous avons utilisé des méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives pour évaluer la réception du livret chez les parents et pour apporter des modifications à celui-ci. / Hemophilia is an incurable bleeding disorder that slows the blood clotting process. The treatment plan aims to prevent bleeding episodes that occur in the joints, since repeated bleeding episodes can cause long-term damage to internal structures. The treatment plan consists of regular infusions of the missing clotting factor and specific recommendations as to which physical activities are safe and which are to be avoided. The objective of this thesis, composed of 5 articles, was to determine the socio-cognitive factors likely to influence the adherence of children and adolescents to the recommendations of the treatment plan, and to suggest avenues for intervention. To do this, we relied on three theoretical models which, together, shed light on the central aspects of adherence: the perspective of young patients on the medical recommendations, their perceptions of the illness and, finally, avenues of intervention to promote better adherence in those young patients in the long-term. In the first article, we translated to French an instrument that measured adherence to the infusion therapy, and we provided the preliminary psychometric data of the instrument. The data supported the use of the instrument with young patients, which allowed us to use it in the thesis. In the second article, we used the theory of planned behavior to understand how young people perceive the recommendations concerning infusion treatment and physical activity. For this, we measured their attitude towards the behavior, their perception of behavioral control, the subjective social norm and past behavior. We assessed whether these factors were related to the intention to follow the recommendations. The results indicated that these factors explain a large proportion of the variance in intention to follow physical activity recommendations, especially for those at risk of causing bleeding. As adherence to injection therapy was high in our sample while adherence to physical activity recommendations was lower and more variable among participants, we decided to focus on the latter for the next articles. In the third article, we wanted to understand how patients view their illness and whether illness perceptions could have an impact on their physical activity practice. For this we used the common-sense model. Perceptions were more negative for the following areas: the consequences of hemophilia, the number of symptoms and the emotional impact. When we ranked participants according to their physical activity profile, the subgroup that followed the recommendations less iv closely and had a lower intention of following the recommendations had significantly more concerns and perceived more symptoms. The fourth article highlights the interest of the autonomy support model in hemophilia intervention and consists of a practical adaptation of this model to the specific challenges of the illness. The fifth article is about the development of an information booklet that we created using the concepts of this theory. We used quantitative and qualitative methods to assess the parents’ acceptability of the booklet and modified the booklet according to their suggestions.

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