La deformación permanente es una de las principales responsables del deterioro temprano de la capa asfáltica de carreteras. Este tipo de fenómeno, se ve impulsado en el país debido a la carga vehicular pesada y la variedad climática, en particular, las altas temperaturas. Se sabe que el comportamiento de la mezcla asfáltica, depende directamente de los materiales que la constituyen. Y ante condiciones desafiantes, estos materiales son insuficientes. En ese sentido, la presente investigación busca mejorar las propiedades de una mezcla asfáltica convencional mediante la adición de fibras de basalto y lignina, de tal manera que sea menos propensa a sufrir deformaciones permanentes. Para la parte experimental, se contó con agregados procedentes de la cantera Conchán, en Lima. Mediante la metodología de Marshall, se diseñaron dos mezclas asfálticas. La primera mezcla fue elaborada sin aditivos y en base a expedientes técnicos de la zona. La segunda mezcla se elaboró con los mismos componentes y con adición de 0.3% fibras de basalto y 0.3% de fibras de lignina. Las muestras fueron sometidas a ensayos de estabilidad y flujo, índice de rigidez, vacíos de agregado mineral y resistencia a la compresión. Los resultados de la investigación mostraron que al incorporar fibras de basalto y fibras de lignina se aumentan la estabilidad de la mezcla en 7%, el índice de rigidez de Marshall en 6%, el porcentaje de vacíos de agregado mineral en 2% y la resistencia a compresión en 4%. De lo anterior de infiere que la mezcla asfáltica propuesta tiene una mayor capacidad para distribuir la carga, mayor resistencia a la deformación por fluencia, mayor capacidad de expansión para contrarrestar las altas temperatura y, en consecuencia, mayor resistencia a las deformaciones permanentes. / Permanent deformation is one of the main causes of the early deterioration of the asphalt layer of roads. This type of phenomenon is driven in the country due to the heavy vehicle load and the climatic variety, in particular, the high temperatures. It is known that the behavior of the asphalt mixture depends directly on the materials that make it up. And in challenging conditions, these materials are insufficient. In this sense, the present research seeks to improve the properties of a conventional asphalt mixture by adding basalt and lignin fibers, in such a way that it is less prone to permanent deformation. For the experimental part, it was used aggregates from the Conchán quarry, in Lima. Using Marshall's methodology, two asphalt mixes were designed. The first mixture was made without additives and based on technical files in the area. The second mixture was made with the same components and with the addition of 0.3% basalt fibers and 0.3% lignin fibers. The samples were subjected to stability and flow tests, stiffness index, mineral aggregate voids and compressive strength. The results of the investigation showed that when incorporating basalt fibers and lignin fibers the stability of the mixture is obtained in 7%, the Marshall stiffness index in 6%, the percentage of voids of mineral aggregate in 2% and the resistance a compression in 4%. From the foregoing, it can be inferred that the proposed asphalt mix has a greater capacity to distribute the load, greater resistance to creep deformation, greater expansion capacity to counteract high temperatures and, consequently, greater resistance to permanent deformations. / Tesis

The thesis deals with the matter of usage of special asphalt binders for production of asphalt mixtures containing recycled materials in asphalt plant. For comparison analysis of characteristics of special binder used in roads is necessary to compose different mixtures of asphalt – one with binder containing R-materials, and another benchmark mixture with binder used in common mixtures without recycled materials. Investigation of features of mixtures with different binders is carried out by selected performance tests of asphalt mixtures. Evaluation and comparison of the results is described in the final section of the thesis.