<p>Ispitivan je hemijski sastav etarskih ulja i vodenih ekstrakata tri vrste samoniklih biljaka familije Lamiaceae:&nbsp;<em> Satureja montana&nbsp;</em>L.,&nbsp; <em>Salvia sclarea&nbsp;</em>L.,<em>&nbsp; Clinopodium menthifolium</em>&nbsp; Host. Pored toga, ispitano je delovanje vodenih ekstrakata na korovske i ratarsko-povrtarske biljke, insekte i mikroorganizme, kao i etarskih ulja na insekte.<br />Potvrđeno je da ispitivane vrste imaju insekticidno dejstvoi da nemaju uticaj na rast korisnih mikroorganizama prisutnih u zemlji&scaron;tu.</p> / <p>The chemical composition of essential oils and aqueous extracts of three types of self-seeding plants of the Lamiaceae family are examined. Apart from the composition, the effects of aqueous extracts on weed and vegetable plants, insects and&nbsp; microorganisms are examined. The effects of essential oils on insects are also examined. Insecticidal activity of examined plants is confirmed. It is also confirmed that the examined plants have no effect on the growth of useful microorganisms present in the soil.</p>

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Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/ / <p>Free radicals are produced in our body under physiological conditions. Although in very low concentrations, they can show some toxic effects. While trying to bind electrons, in the chemical reaction of oxidation, they rapidly and unpredictably bind to adjacent molecules- proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids from which the structural elements of the cell are made, triggering the internal pathway of apoptosis. Antioxidants are substances that prevent or significantly reduce the oxidation of biomolecules. Oxidative stress is a condition that occurs when the production of free radicals exceeds the capacity of antioxidant enzymes to neutralize them. The antioxidant enzymes include: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Lipid Peroxidation (LP) is the process of oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by free radicals. Malondialdehyde is a biochemical marker by which it is possible to measure the degree of oxidative damage of cell membranes. The oxidative modification of DNA leads to a change in DNA structure that results in genetic damage. The most commonly used marker of oxidative stress is urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxiguanosine (8-OHdG). The damage to proteins, lipids and DNA is an important basis for many diseases such as atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, obesity, aging, retinopathy, chronic inflammatory disease and cancer. Starting from the hypothesis that these biomolecules are different at different stages of the disease, they could represent a prognostic marker of the progression of the disease. The aim of the study was to examine whether there were differences between the control group (healthy women), the patients with precancerous lesions on the cervix (HSIL), the patients with early stage cervical cancer (FIGO Ia-Ib) and the patient with locally advanced cervical cancer (IIa - IV) in the indicators of DNA damage (determining the value of 8-OHdG), indicators of oxidative stress (by determining the lipid peroxidation intensity (TBARS)), indicators of antioxidant defense (by determining the activity of antioxidative enzymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)). In addition, the aim of the study was to compare the values of 8- OHdG, lipid peroxidation products (TBARS) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GST, GPx, GR) within the group of patients with early stage cervical cancer divided into two subgroups- with low and high risk in relation to the relapse of the disease. The research was performed at the Clinic for operative oncology, Department of Gynecology at the Institute of Oncology of Vojvodina, Medical Faculty in Novi Sad, Department of Pharmacy and the Institute for Health Care of Novi Sad in the period from 2013 to 2017. Samples of blood and urine of the patients were collected, prepared adequately and stored at -80 &deg; until the analysis. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes as well as the lipid peroxidation were determined by spectrophotometric methods, and the concentration of 8-OHdG was determined by gas chromatography with mass detection. The approval of the Ethical Committee of the Institute for Oncology of Vojvodina was obtained before conducting the research. It has been shown that there are statistically significant differences between the control group (healthy women), patient with precancerous cervical lesions (HSIL), the patients with early stage cervical cancer (FIGO Ia-Ib) compared to a group of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (IIa-IV) in indicators of damage to DNA (concentration of 8-OHdG), indicators of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation (TBARS)), indicators of antioxidant defense (activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GST). There was no difference between the groups in activity of glutathione peroxidase enzyme (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR). There were no differences in the concentration of 8-OHdG, lipid peroxidation products (TBARS) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GST, GPx and GR) within the group of patients with locally restricted cervical cancer divided into two subgroups with low and high risk in relation on relapses of the disease. CAT and GST activities were the best predictors of disease recurrence among defined groups. Based on the activities of these two oxidative enzymes, the separation of the group of patients who did not experience disease recurrence after a follow-up period from the other two groups in which recurrence of the disease occurred was possible. Based on the obtained results it is concluded that it is possible to use the studied biomarkers as diagnostic markers in patients with cervical cancer. These biomolecules can help in the patient&#39;s classification into certain groups according to the stage of the disease, and consequently the more efficient choice of appropriate treatment. In addition, CAT and GST enzyme activity have been shown to be predictors of disease recurrence in defined patient groups.</p>

<p>Sintetisana su nova jedinjenja, 16- i 17-supstituisani&nbsp;16,17-sekoestratrienski derivati i D-homoestranski&nbsp;derivati, polazeći od 3-benziloksi-17-hidroksi-16,17-sekoestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-16-nitrila. Ispitana je&nbsp;estrogena i antiestrogena aktivnost u eksperimentima <em>in&nbsp;vivo</em>, antiaromatazna aktivnost <em>in vitro</em>, antioksidantna&nbsp;aktivnost DPPH &nbsp;i TBA testom, kao i antiproliferativna&nbsp;aktivnost prema ćelijskim linijama MCF-7 ATCC,&nbsp;MDA-MB-231, HT-29 i MRC-5 novosintetisanih&nbsp;jedinjenja.</p> / <p>Some new compounds, 16- and 17-substituted 16,17-secoestratriene derivatives, as&nbsp; well as D-homoestratriene derivatives, were synthesized, starting from 3-benzyloxy-17-hydroxy-16,17-secoestra-1,3,5 (10)-triene-16-nitrile. The newly synthesized compounds were tested for their <em>in vivo&nbsp;</em>estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity,&nbsp; <em>in vitro&nbsp;</em>antiaromatase activity, antioxidative activity by DPPH and TBA tests, as well as antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 ATCC, MDA-MB-231, HT-29 i MRC-5 cell lines.</p>

<p>Ispitivanja hemijskog sastava etarskih ulja i<br />ekstrakata izvedena su na vrsti Myrtus communis<br />L. sa pet lokaliteta iz Crne Gore. Pored toga,<br />ispitana je njihova antioksidantna aktivnost u<br />razlicitim in vitro sistemima kako bi se utvrdio<br />uticaj pomenutih ekstrakata i etarskih ulja na<br />neutralizaciju DPPH, NO, OH i 2- radikala, kao<br />i njihov uticaj na lipidnu peroksidaciju u<br />lipozomima i inhibiciju enzima ksantin-oksidaze.<br />Takode, ispitana je i antibakterijska aktivnost<br />etarskih ulja i ekstrakata ove vrste na 9<br />bakterijskih sojeva, kao i njihov antimutageni<br />potencijal na bakterijskom soju Escherichia coli<br />IC 202.</p> / <p> In this tessis the chemical analysis of the<br /> essential oils and methanolic extracts<br /> from five plant samples of Myrtus<br /> communis L., collected from different<br /> localities in Montenegro, have been<br /> investigate. Beside that, their antioxidant<br /> activity in differwnt in vitro systems has<br /> been study to establish their scavenging<br /> potential towards DPPH, NO, OH, and<br /> O2- free radicals, as wel as their effects<br /> on lipid peroxidation in liposoma and<br /> inhibition enzyme XOD. Also, the<br /> antibacterial activity of the essential oils<br /> and methanolic extract has been study on<br /> 9 bacterial strains, as wel as their<br /> antimutagenic effects on bacterial strain<br /> E. Colli IC202.</p>

<p>U ovom radu je izvr&scaron;eno kvantitativno&nbsp;određivanje i identifikacija biljnih fenola i&nbsp;<br />flavonoida etanolih ekstrakata ploda per&scaron;una&nbsp;(<em>Petroselini fructus</em>), kore kru&scaron;ine (<em>Frangulae&nbsp;cortex</em>), lista pitome nane (<em>Mentha piperitae&nbsp;folium</em>), ploda kima (<em>Carvi fructus</em>) i lista breze&nbsp;(<em>Betulae folium</em>), kao i komercijalnog preparata Vitalplant^&reg;((<em>Frangulae cortex</em>(35 %),&nbsp; <em>Mentha&nbsp;piperitae folium</em>(20%),&nbsp; <em>Carvi fructus</em>(20 %),&nbsp;<em>Petroselini fructus&nbsp;</em>(25 %)). U nastavku&nbsp;istraživanja ispitivana je antioksidantna aktivnosti etanolih ekstrakata primenom&nbsp;direktnih, ESR &ldquo;spin trap&ldquo; spektroskopskih&nbsp;metoda određivanja &ldquo;skevindžer&ldquo; aktivnosti na&nbsp;superoksid anjon i &nbsp;hidroksil radikale i&nbsp;indirektnih, spektrofotometrijskih testova za&nbsp;određivanje skevindžer&ldquo; aktivnosti na DPPH˙&nbsp;radikale, redoks potencijala i helatacione&nbsp;aktivnosti, kao i antioksidantne aktivnosti u&nbsp;sistemu&nbsp; &beta;-karoten-linolna kiselina. Osim navedenog, deo istraživanja je posvećen&nbsp;ispitivanju termičke stabilnosti ekstrakata&nbsp;navedenih biljaka i komercijalnog preparata&nbsp;Vitalplant^&reg;&nbsp;radi sticanja uvida u mogućnost&nbsp;njihove primene u &nbsp;pekarskim proizvodima. U&nbsp;poslednjoj fazi rada, izvr&scaron;eno je određivanje sposobnosti pulvisa i etanolnog ekstrakta komercijalnog &nbsp;preparata Vitalplant^&reg; da inhibiraju oksidaciju lipida u keksu, primenom spektrofotometrijskih testova &ldquo;skevindžer&ldquo; aktivnosti &nbsp;na DPPH˙ radikale i MDA testa. Ispitane biljne sirovine, kao i komercijalni preparat Vitalplant^&reg;&nbsp;su bogat izvor jedinjenja iz klase biljnih fenola. Sve ispitane biljne droge poseduju antioksidantnu aktivnost, koja se značajno ne menja usled termičkog tretmana. Dodatak biljne me&scaron;avine Vitalplant^&reg;&nbsp;, upravo proporcionalno njenom sadržaju, &nbsp;dovodi do povećanja antioksidantne aktivnosti keksa i smanjenja stepena lipidne peroksidacije.&nbsp;</p> / <p>In this paper, quantitative determination and identification of plant phenolics and flavonoids of ethanolic extracts obtained from parsley fruit (<em>Petroselini fructus</em>), buckthorn bark (<em>Frangulae cortex</em>), mint leaves (<em>Mentha piperitae folium</em>), caraway fruit&nbsp; (<em>Carvi fructus</em>), birch leaves (<em>Betulae folium</em>), as well as from commercial preparation Vitalplant&reg; ((<em>Frangulae cortex</em>(35 %), <em>Mentha piperitae folium</em>&nbsp;(20%), <em>Carvi fructus</em>(20 %), <em>Petroselini fructus&nbsp;</em>(25 %)) was performed. In addition, antioxidant&nbsp; activity of ethanolic extracts was tested, by applying direct, ESR &ldquo;spin trap&ldquo; &nbsp;spectroscopic methods for the determination of scavenging activity on superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals, and indirect, spectrophotometric methods for the determination of DPPH˙ radical scavenging activity, reducing power, chelating activity and antioxidant activity in&nbsp; &beta;-carotene-linoleic acid model system. Moreover, thermal stability of the ethanolic extracts was tested in order to get insight into possible application of the extracts in bakery products. Finally, the ability of the commercial preparation Vitalplant&reg;, in the form of powder and extract, to inhibit oxidative changes of cookies was tested by applying spectrophotometric DPPH radical scavenging and MDA tests.</p><p>According to obtained results, investigated plant samples, including commercial preparation Vitalplant&reg;, are rich source of plant phenolics. Investigated plant drugs possess antioxidant activity, which is not significantly changed after the thermal treatment. Cookie supplementation with commercial preparation Vitalplant&reg; results in&nbsp; better oxidative stability of lipids and enhanced antioxidant activity of the cookies.</p>