Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2018-03-20T16:54:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvano Lessi.pdf: 1232073 bytes, checksum: aa3ddfebdca742394d0e88a6e69c5c69 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T16:54:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvano Lessi.pdf: 1232073 bytes, checksum: aa3ddfebdca742394d0e88a6e69c5c69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The research deals with the three most important Judaic Feasts: The Feast of Pesah ( Feast of Unleavened Bread), The Feast of Weeks and the Feast of Tabernacles, with a theoretical basis that has the view of the biblical books of The Old Testaments. As backdrop, this research has used the content of Deuteronomy 16, 1-17. It's said that it wasn't for sure when each of these feasts appeared, but it was said that these feasts have suffered alterations in the course of time until nowadays. The comparisons made through the study of the texts in The Old Testaments have given a better view about these alterations. The unification of The Feast of Pesah with The Feast of Unleavened bread since they were close by each other in the Judaic calendar was one of the most important alterations. Another one was the centralization of the three important feasts in the temple of Jerusalem. The analysis also shows the impacts that these changes have caused over the people of Israel. The people who used to celebrate the feasts in a familiar surrounding had to change the place of their worship. The change made by King Josiah also had a great impact over the Jewish people. It's said that such change had a political and economic reason. At last, it was analyzed the changes that had occurred in the calendar of the feasts. The Feast of Pesah which used to be celebrated in the month of Tisri was then celebrated in the month of Abib, in Deuteronomy 16, 1-17. / A pesquisa trabalha as três principais Festas judaicas: Festa do pesah (juntamente com a Festa dos pães ázimos), Festa das semanas e a Festa das tendas, trazendo um embasamento teórico que perpassa os livros bíblicos do Antigo Testamento. Como pano de fundo principal, esta pesquisa utilizou o conteúdo de Deuteronômio 16,1-17. Pode-se dizer que não se conseguiu afirmar quando surgiram cada uma das Festas, entretanto observou-se que estas Festas sofreram transformações no decorrer do tempo até os dias de hoje. As comparações feitas através do estudo de textos do Antigo Testamento deram uma visão melhor sobre estas transformações. A unificação da Festa do pesah com a Festa dos pães ázimos, por serem Festas próximas uma da outra no calendário judaico, foi uma das transformações importantes. Outra foi a centralização das três principais Festas no templo de Jerusalém. A análise também perpassa pelos impactos que estas mudanças causaram sobre o povo de Israel. O povo que tinha por costume comemorar as Festas num ambiente familiar teve que mudar o local de suas adorações. A reforma feita pelo rei Josias também teve grande impacto para o povo judeu. Podemos dizer que esta reforma teve uma finalidade política e econômica. Por fim, também foram analisadas as mudanças que ocorreram no calendário das três Festas. A Festa do pesah que era comemorada no mês de Tisri passa a ser comemorado no mês de Abib no livro de Deuteronômio 16,1-17

The thesis deals with important and festive days in the Jewish calendar. It studies their origin both in historical context and in the context of celebrations and customs observed during the festivals. It deals with the festivals both from the religious point of view, i.e. religious commands and orders, and from the societal point of view where it aims at mapping the customs and traditions which are followed but which are not based on religious texts or rabbi tradition. The scope of the text dedicated in the thesis to specific festivals does not strictly copy the religious importance or the popularity of a particular festival with Jewish population; rather, it is guided by the scope of historical background and customs followed in connection with the festival. As a result, some less popular festivals in the society are more prominent than it would have been expected judging by their importance. The thesis presents individual festivals in the chronological order of the religious year, with the exception of Shabbat which is observed every week and Rosh Chodesh celebrated monthly. These festivals were included before other festivals and make up a separate chapter. The broad scope of the thesis encompassing all festive days, including modern festivals, mostly established by the State of Israel, enables...