There has been extensive research done in the area of Semiparametric Regression. These techniques deliver substantial improvements over previously developed methods, such as Ordinary Least Squares and Kernel Regression. Two of these hybrid techniques: Model Robust Regression 1 (MRR1) and Model Robust Regression 2 (MRR2) require the choice of an appropriate bandwidth for smoothing and a mixing parameter that allows a portion of a nonparametric fit to be used in fitting a model that may be misspecifed by other regression methods. The current method of choosing the bandwidth and mixing parameter does not guarantee the optimal choices in either case. The immediate objective of the current work is to address this process of choosing the optimal bandwidth and mixing parameter and to examine the behavior of these estimates using 3D plots. The 3D plots allow us to examine how the semiparametric techniques: MRR1 and MRR2, behave for the optimal (AVEMSE) selection process when compared to data-driven selectors, such as PRESS* and PRESS**. It was found that the structure of MRR2 behaved consistently under all conditions. MRR2 displayed a wider range of "acceptable" values for the choice of bandwidth as opposed to a much more limited choice when using MRR1. These results provide general support for earlier fndings by Mays et al. (2000).

Orientador: Renata Soares Junqueira / Banca: Fabiane Renata Borsato / Banca: Wiliam Pianco dos Santos / Resumo: O cineasta português Manoel de Oliveira (1908-2015) é reconhecido mundialmente pela sua estética cinematográfica singular. Uma de suas principais características é a relação intrínseca que os seus filmes ostentam com as artes de uma forma geral, como a pintura, o teatro, a literatura, a arquitetura, a escultura, a música e o próprio cinema. Do teatro podemos notar o peso da palavra proferida. Com mais de 50 filmes em sua carreira - longas, médias e curtas-metragens -, o realizador nos presenteou com diálogos antológicos que nos instigam a refletir sobre os mais variados dilemas que perturbam o ser humano. Além disso, a sua distinta estética apresenta traços épicos que causam um distanciamento entre o espectador e o que é mostrado na tela, já que, muitas vezes, seus filmes se mostram realmente como filmes, como espetáculos. Tendo isso em mente, e sublinhando alguns filmes em que os diálogos são imprescindíveis, como em Um filme falado (2003) ou em O gebo e a sombra (2012), para citar apenas dois, é interessante examinar a eloquência do silêncio em Belle toujours (2006), obra em que os diálogos existem e são importantes, mas que recorre à quietude das personagens, em planos fulcrais, para sugerir um significado maior do que aquele que qualquer palavra seria capaz de indicar. Outrossim, a mise-en-scène é composta por elementos expressivos e muito significativos, os quais parecem gritar e dar voz à mudez. Em vista desse silêncio que causa estranheza a nós, espectadores, e que se ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The Portuguese film-maker Manoel de Oliveira (1908-2015) is known worldwide for his singular film aesthetic. One of its main characteristics is the intrinsic relation that his films display with art forms in general, such as painting, theatre, literature, architecture, sculpture, music and cinema itself. From theatre, we may notice the weight of the uttered word. With more than 50 films in his career - feature films, medium-length films and short ones -, the director gifted us with anthological dialogues which instigate reflection about various dilemmas that affect the human being. Furthermore, his distinctive aesthetic exhibits epic conventions which create distance between the audience and what is shown on screen, since his films are several times assumed as films, as spectacles. With this in mind, and underlining some films whose dialogues are crucial, as in A talking picture (2003) or in Gebo and the shadow (2012), to name but two, it seems interesting to examine the silence eloquence in Belle toujours (2006), masterpiece in which dialogues exist in their importance, but the film invokes the characters' quietness in fundamental shots, to suggest a deeper meaning than any other possibly indicated by words. Moreover, the mise-en-scène is composed by expressive and very meaningful elements, which seem to make muteness loud and give voice to it. In face of this silence that causes us, the audience, strangeness and that shows itself meaningful, this work aims to analyse how it... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

O bioma Cerrado possui uma rica flora e apresenta alto nível de endemismo. Em relação ao contexto estadual, o Tocantins está situado na zona de transição geográfica entre o Cerrado e Amazônia. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a florística, fitossociologia e aplicação de técnicas de amostragem para levantamentos florestais, tais como, tamanho e forma de parcelas, intensidade e processos amostral em uma área de Cerrado stricto senso. Por meio de um censo, em uma área de 6,7 hectares, foram identificados indivíduos arbóreos com limite de inclusão de circunferência a altura do peito (CAP) maior ou igual a 15 cm, assim também tiveram sua altura total medida. Foram amostrados 15.434 indivíduos, pertencentes a 78 espécies, 72 gêneros e 37 famílias das quais predominaram as famílias Myrtaceae e Fabaceae. A densidade total da área e área basal foram, respectivamente, de 2.303 ind.ha-1 e 14,07 m².ha-1. Na área de estudo as espécies que se destacaram em relação aos parâmetros fitossociológicos foram: Myrcia splendens, Astronium fraxinifolium, Magonia pubescens, Qualea parviflora, Protium heptaphyllum, Qualea multiflora, Vatairea macrocarpa, Tachigali aurea e Byrsonima stipulacea. Após essa etapa foram definidas variações das simulações de amostragem, considerando as combinações: dois processos de amostragem, aleatório e sistemático, diferentes tamanhos de parcelas (250, 500, 1000, 1500 m²) e formas (quadrada, retangular e circular) com as diferentes intensidades de amostragem (2,5, 5, 7,5 e 10%) avaliando três variáveis florestais: volume, área basal e número de árvores. De modo geral, o aumento da intensidade amostral apresentou estreita relação com a melhoria das estimativas das variáveis. No entanto, verificou-se que ao utilizar parcelas de 250 m², para as variáveis de interesse, apresentaram tendências de menores valores dos erros amostral e real, ao contrário do que ocorre em parcelas de tamanhos maiores. Portanto, parcelas de 250 m² tendem a captar de forma mais precisa a variação da distribuição espacial das variáveis de interesse, produzindo resultados mais confiáveis do que ao utilizar parcelas de 1.000 e 1.500 m², sob uma mesma intensidade de amostragem. De modo que, utilizando uma intensidade superior a 5%, com parcelas de 250 e 500 m², obteve erro amostral menor que 20%, resultado aceitável para área de matas nativas. Concluindo que, com base no exposto, é recomendável que, para a estimativa de variáveis florestais, sejam utilizadas parcelas pequenas, 250 ou 500 m² e intensidade amostral variável em função dos recursos de tempo e financeiros disponíveis. / The Cerrado biome has a rich flora and presents a high level of endemism. In relation to the state context, the Tocantins is situated in the geographical transition zone between the Cerrado and the Amazon. The objective of this research was to evaluate floristic, phytosociology and application of sampling techniques for forest surveys, such as size and shape of plots, intensity and sampling processes in an area of Cerrado stricto senso. Through a census, in an area of 6.7 hectares, arboreal individuals with a limit of inclusion of chest circumference (CAP) greater than or equal to 15 cm were identified, as well as their total height measured. We sampled 15,434 individuals belonging to 78 species, 72 genera and 37 families of which the families Myrtaceae and Fabaceae predominated. The total density of the area and basal area were, respectively, 2,303 ind.ha-1 and 14,07 m².ha-1. In the study area the species that stood out in relation to phytosociological parameters were: Myrcia splendens, Astronium fraxinifolium, Magonia pubescens, Qualea parviflora, Protium heptaphyllum, Qualea multiflora, Vatairea macrocarpa, Tachigali aurea and Byrsonima stipulacea. After this step, variations of the sampling simulations were defined, considering the combinations: two sampling processes, random and systematic, different sizes of plots (250, 500, 1.000, 1.500 m²) and shapes (square, rectangular and circular) with the different sampling intensities (2,5, 5, 7,5 and 10%) evaluating three forest variables: volume, basal area and number of trees. In general, the increase in sample intensity showed a close relationship with the improvement of the estimates of the variables. However, it was verified that when using plots of 250 m², for the variables of interest, they presented tendencies of smaller values of the sampling and real errors, unlike what occurs in plots of larger sizes. Therefore, plots of 250 m² tend to more accurately capture the variation of the spatial distribution of the variables of interest, producing more reliable results than using plots of 1,000 and 1,500 m², under the same sampling intensity. So, using an intensity of more than 5%, with plots of 250 and 500 m², obtained a sampling error of less than 20%, an acceptable result for native forest area. Based on the above, it is recommended that, for the estimation of forest variables, small plots, 250 or 500 m² are used, and the sampling intensity should be as great as the available time and money resources allow

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:21:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silvia rodrigues.pdf: 7181678 bytes, checksum: 9863cd6581b01a299bf7d4d4b1d0b58c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-26 / There is a dispersive thinking about closed plots of lands and residential condominiums which are types of new configurations in the Brazilian territory. The objective of this work is analyzes the kinds of homes in condominiums, closed between wall. It presents milestones of all the home condominiums implementations in S?o Jos? do Rio Preto city. The main goal is to analyze the increasing growing of closed plots and residential condominiums implementation mainly in the 90?s, which are the main economic groups playing in the city, how these entrepreneurs achieved the real estate market of closed plots and residential condominiums, what is the government role and how it contributes for the implementation of these units. It also identifies the relation between the government and the real estate agents and discus the changes in the regulatory laws to benefit the residents and real estate agents. It analyzes some theoretical reflections in order to go deeper into the understanding of the social and territorial complex impacts, caused by the implementation of closed plots and residential condominiums. / Reflex?o sobre loteamentos fechados e condom?nios residenciais, que s?o tipos das novas configura??es e se d?o de forma dispersa no territ?rio. Este trabalho busca analisar esses tipos de moradia de forma condominial, fechada entre muros. Apresenta o hist?rico de implanta??o de todos os conjuntos residenciais na cidade de S?o Jos? do Rio Preto. O principal objetivo ? analisar a crescente expans?o da implanta??o de loteamentos fechados e condom?nios residenciais (principalmente na d?cada de 90), quais os principais grupos econ?micos que atuam na cidade e de que forma esses empreendedores chegaram ao mercado imobili?rio de loteamentos e condom?nios residenciais, e qual ? a participa??o do poder p?blico e de que forma ele contribui para a implanta??o desses conjuntos. O trabalho tamb?m identifica a rela??o entre o poder p?blico e os agentes imobili?rios e a troca na legisla??o para favorecimento de moradores e empreendedores imobili?rios. H? an?lise de algumas reflex?es te?ricas a fim de aprofundar os entendimentos sobre os impactos sociais e territoriais, mais complexos, causados pela implanta??o de loteamentos fechados e condom?nios residenciais.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T19:25:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ADRIANOPEREIRA.pdf: 5814518 bytes, checksum: fd0af0d5e0a77b57e48974063eac7e4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Recurrence analysis has been extensively used in approaching problems that deal with transitions between regular and chaotic behaviors, identi¯cation of structure of dynamic systems, such as frequencies and correlations hard to detect by linear methods, for example. Among the main tools of this analysis are the Recurrence Plots (RP) and the Quantitative Recurrence Analysis (RQA), which are constantly used in the analysis of time series supposedly proceeding from non-linear and even non-stationary dynamical systems. These tools have been applied in a wide range of phenomena, since the study of cardiac arrhythmia until the greater phenomena of nature, such as sunspots. Recently, many economic and ¯financial séries are being investigated under this perspective, as exchange rates, the financial crashes" and the behavior of some stock index. In this work we employ the RP and RQA for the study of a long time series of the returns of the Bovespa Index (Ibovespa), where we carefully studied the obtention of the parameters for the phase space reconstruction of the supposed system which created the time series, we analyze the patterns formed in RP as well as the values of the quantities of RQA, comparing the results obtained with the original and randomized series. We search, from these results,to establish whether there is some sort of deterministic component in the studied system, and what its intensity. Our investigations suggest that the real financial market dynamics is a combination of deterministic chaos and stochastic behavior. / A análise da recorrência vem sendo muito usada na abordagem de problemas que tratam das transicões entre comportamentos regulares e caoticos, na identicação da estrutura de sistemas dinamicos, como frequências e correlacõess dificeis de detectar por metodos lineares, por exemplo. Dentre as principais ferramentas desta analise destacam-se os Gráficos de Recorrência (GR) e a Análise Quantitativa de Recorrência (AQR), que são constantemente empregadas na análise de séries temporais supostamente provenientes de sistemas dinâmicos não-lineares e até não-estacionários. Tais ferramentas vêm sendo aplicadas em uma grande gama de fenômenos, desde o estudo da arritmia cardíaca até os maiores fenômenos da natureza, como as manchas solares. Recentemente, muitas séries econômicas e financeiraso estão sendo investigadas sob esta ótica, como as taxas de cãmbio, os grandes crashes" financeiros e o comportamento de alguns índices de acões. Neste trabalho nós empregamos os GR e a AQR para o estudo de uma longa série temporal dos retornos do índice Bovespa (Ibovespa), onde estudamos cuidadosamente a obtencão dos parâmetros para a reconstrucão do suposto espaço de fase do sistema que gerou a série temporal, analisamos os padrões formados nos GR bem como os valores das quantidades da AQR, comparando os resultados obtidos com as séries originais e embaralhadas. Procuramos, a partir de tais resultados, estabelecer se existe algum tipo de componente determinística no sistema analisado, e qual sua intensidade. Nossas investigações sugeriram que a dinâmica real do mercado financeiro e uma combinacão de caos determinístico e comportamento estocástico.

An inventory of vascular plants was conducted in Steele Creek Park in Sullivan County, Tennessee from March 2013 to September 2014. The park covers an area of 892 ha and lies within the Ridge and Valley Province. The inventory of vascular plants documented 547 species of 323 genera and 101 families. Two hundred sixteen taxa were newly reported for Sullivan County. Tennessee Special Concern Species included Cardamine rotundifolia, Castanea dentata, Lonicera dioica, Allium tricoccum, Cypripedium acaule, and Panax quinquefolius. A single species, Juglans cinerea L., is considered a Tennessee Threatened Species. Vegetation patterns were studied quantitatively by installing 10 study plots within forest canopy gaps and a comparable set of 10 in areas with intact canopy. Plots within a canopy gap recorded more vascular plant diversity when compared to plots of intact canopy when unshared species were considered. Steele Creek Park provides a botanically rich area for future studies.

The two most common methods to measure resting metabolic rate using indirect calorimetry are steady state or time interval. Steady state is commonly defined as the first five minutes in which oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production vary by <10%. A time interval measurement generally lasts 20-60 minutes. Using steady state criteria is often harder to achieve, but many suggest it more accurately measures resting metabolic rate. Our objective was to determine if there were differences between steady state and time interval measurements in a healthy adult population. Seventy seven subjects were measured for 45 minutes. Inclusion criteria included healthy subjects ages 18-65, excluding pregnant and lactating women. Paired t-tests analyzed differences between measures, and Bland-Altman plots evaluated bias, precision, and accuracy. Of 77 subjects, 84% achieved steady state, and 95% achieved SS by minute 30. Most differences between steady state and time intervals were statistically but not practically significant. Bland-Altman plots showed steady state measurements were generally lower indicating that steady state is more indicative of resting metabolic rate. Minutes 6-25 were most precise, accurate and fairly unbiased compared to steady state. We recommend measuring a subject for 30 minutes and using steady state criteria of <10% variation of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production for five minutes if a subject is able to achieve it. However, if a subject cannot achieve steady state, we recommend averaging minutes 6-25.

Actigraphy, a technology for measuring a subject's overall activity level almost continuously over time, has gained a lot of momentum over the last few years. An actigraph, a watch-like device that can be attached to the wrist or ankle of a subject, uses an accelerometer to measure human movement every minute or even every 15 seconds. Actigraphy data is often treated as functional data. In this dissertation, we discuss what has been done regarding the visualization of actigraphy data, and then we will explain the three main goals we achieved: (i) develop new multivariate visualization techniques for actigraphy data; (ii) integrate the new and current visualization tools into an R package using object-oriented model design; and (iii) develop an adaptive user-friendly web interface for actigraphy software.

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<p>In this thesis several random Boolean networks are simulated. Both completely computer generated network and models for biological networks are simulated. Several different tools are used to gain knowledge about the robustness. These tools are Derrida plots, noise analysis and mean probability for canalizing rules. Some simulations on how entropy works as an indicator on if a network is robust are also included. The noise analysis works by measuring the hamming distance between the state of the network when noise is applied and when no noise is applied. For many of the simulated networks two types of rules are applied: nested canalizing and flat distributed rules. The computer generated networks consists of two types of networks: scale-free and ER-networks. One of the conclusions in this report is that nested canalizing rules are often more robust than flat distributed rules. Another conclusion is that the mean probability for canalizing rules has, for flat distributed rules, a very dominating effect on if the network is robust or not. Yet another conclusion is that the probability distribution for indegrees, for flat distributed rules, has a strong effect on if a network is robust due to the connection between the probability distribution for indegrees and the mean probability for canalizing rules.</p>