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The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of pyrazine derivative, 1-octyl-3-(pyrazin-2- yl)urea, as an abiotic elicitor on the production of flavonoid rutin in in vitro cultures of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench., Cultivar Bamby. Suspension and callus cultures were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium (MS) with the addition of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as growth regulator at a concentration of 1 mg/l. The elicitor solution was added to the cultures at three concentrations: c1 (100,0 mg/100 ml), c2 (10,0 mg/100 ml) and c3 (1,0 mg/100 ml). The elicitor was monitored at six time intervals: 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours. To control samples 1 ml of ethanol 96% was added instead of elicitor solution and samples were collected after 24 and 168 hours. Samples were taken at given time intervals and dried. Subsequently, the rutin content was monitored by HPLC. The rutin release into the nutrient medium was also tested. During the experiment on the callus cultures no statistically significant increase in rutin production after elicitor treatment was observed. But elicitor increased rutin production in suspension cultures after treatment in all tested concentrations. The calluses always released rutin into the nutrient medium. The rutin content in the media ranged from 53,4 to...

Tartary buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. is second cultivated species from genus buckwheat. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of place of growing on buckwheat production and to describe relationships among individual plant parts of tartary buckwheat. In this work weight of thousand of tartary buckwheat achenes, their total production per a plant and per area, plant number per area, plant high, number of branches, inflorescences and leaves per a plant in the fertilized, hoed and control variant was evaluated. Mean weight of roots, inflorescences, achenes, whole plant were also determined. Correlations were statistically evaluated between selected parameters. The biological yield of tartary buckwheat reached 16 t/ha dry matter and the real yield of achenes 2,9 t/ha. We can recommend application nitrogen fertilization (50 t/ha) despite statistically non significant influence of this factor.

Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Candidate: Tereza Ošťádalová Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Lenka Tůmová, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: The selenium effect on secondary metabolites production in in vitro cultures of medicinal plants - II. Key words: callus, suspension culture, abiotic elicitor, selenium, Fagopyrum In vitro plant cultures usually produce only a small amount of secondary metabolites. The method of elicitation is one of the options how to increase the production of these substances. The effect of selenium as abiotic elicitor on rutin production in callus and suspension culture of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench., variety Pyra was observed in this study. The release of rutin into the nutrient medium was studied as well. The cultivation was performed in Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium which was enriched with 1 mg/l of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The solution of selenium in three different concentrations (c1 = 9.012.10-3 mol/l, c2 = 9.012.10-4 mol/l, c3 = 9.012.10-5 mol/l) was used. The samples were taken after 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours of elicitor treatment. The rutin content was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The elicitation led to increasing of rutin amount in callus and also in suspension...

Higher plants represent an important source of valuable substances, so called secondary metabolites, which can be obtained through explant cultures of plants. Elicitation is a method of increasing the secondary metabolites production. This study aims to evaluate the secondary metabolites production in Fagopyrum esculentum variety Spacinska cultures in vitro after abiotic elicitor treatment. The experiment was focused on alteration of rutin production in callus and suspension cultures of F. esculentum var. Spacinska after selenium application. Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium supplemented with 1 mg l-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was used for the cultivation. Selenium solutions of various concentrations (c1 = 9.012×10-3 mol l-1 , c2 = 9.012×10-4 mol l-1 , c3 = 9.012×10-5 mol l-1 ) were affecting the cultures for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours. The content of rutin was determined by HPLC. The release of secondary metabolites into the nutrient medium was studied as well. After elicitor application, the rutin production increased in both callus and suspension cultures. Higher levels of rutin content were detected in callus culture. The maximum rutin content (0.6 mg g-1 DW) was reached after 12 h of elicitor treatment of c2 concentration in callus culture. Concerning suspension culture, the...

The literary part of the diploma thesis deals with traditional raw ma-terials, special malts and non-traditional raw materials for beer producti-on and beer production as such. Furthermore, the production of beers from non-traditional raw materials in the world. The experimental part is devoted to the description of the production of own beers from non-traditional malts (amaranth, chickpeas, sorghum, buckwheat, quinoa) and their chemical analysis by HPLC and Fermen-toFlash. In the next part a method of sensory analysis was described, and the results were then shown using radar charts. In the results and discussion section these analyzes are statistically processed and evaluated for the mutual dependence of the substances from the chemical analysis on the sensory characteristics of the individu-al products.

This diploma thesis ,,buckwheat attractivity for bees" deals mainly with native nectar plants for the processing of bees to honey. Work is folded in two parts. The theoretical part deals with the migration of colonies, both for nectar crops and plants with bee pollination needs. In ractical part of this thesis microscopic pollen analysis were performed and contents of pollen grains in honey from colonies, which were relocated to buckwheat growth was evaluated. Comparison of this honey with honey from the hives with similaar location, but without access to buckwheat growth was done.

The thesis deals with the content of selected phenolic compounds in some species of the genus Amaranthus, in black elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.). Phenolic compounds are a group of natural compounds exclusively vegetable character. Flavonoids represent only one group of phenolic compounds. Flavonoids show many positive biological effects, in particular act as antioxidants. Natural flavonoids may cause to prevent from coronary- heard diseases and other diseases associated with older age. In recent years the increased attention is paid to flavonoid investigation due to its biological effects. For the determination of phenolic substances there were used two independent analytical methods. There are the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC). The MECC method was used for determination rutin and free quercetin. The highest content of rutin was found in leaves of buckwheat (76,400 mg/kg of dry weight) and the lowest content of rutin was determined in buckwheat hulls. The highest content of rutin was observed in teas from buckwheat leaves and inflorescence. This amount of rutin corresponds with rutin content in more than two pills of Ascorutin (the most favourite flavonoid medicament in the Czech Republic) The HPLC method was used for quantitative determination of phenolic acids. The content of free quercetin was monitored in all samples. No free quercetin was found both in plant material and in samples of teas. The ethanolic extract from the elderberry inflorescence didn´t contain any free quercetin. Free quercetin wasn?t found in any further samples of teas, which were prepared by described methods.