In the last decade, many attempts were made to put metal organic frameworks (MOFs) in industrial applications, but most of these efforts weren’t successfully. As one of the few MOFs produced on industrial scale, ZIF-8 has interesting pore size, huge internal surface area and great thermal and chemical stability. Therefore, ZIF-8 might become the first MOF, which will be applied in industrial separation processes. In this thesis, a synthesis study is presented, which leads to a cheap and convenient way to
fabricate defect-free and thin ZIF-8 membranes on porous polymeric supports showing high selectivity and high gas permeance. The ZIF-8 layers were produced via a contra-diffusion method. Several polymeric membranes were employed as support in this study, such as PAN, PEI, PSU, PA and PTSC. We studied the influence of the polymeric support properties for the ZIF-8 membrane preparation and optimized the ZIF-8 preparation conditions. The ZIF-8 membranes were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). For gas permeation test, we chose a Wicke-Kallenbach apparatus to measure membrane’s gas permeance and selectivity. One of the best ZIF-8 membranes exhibited a hydrogen permeance of 3.45 × 10-8 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1 and
an ideal selectivity of hydrogen over propane of about 500.

L'objectif du projet est de synthétiser et de tester de nouveaux catalyseurs organiques supportés qui servont à la préparation d'amines chirales par la réaction de réduction de ketimines et à la préparation d'acides aminés phosphoniques par la réaction de Pudovik. La présence d'un support facilite la récupération et le recyclage du catalyseur. Le projet est basé sur le développement de nouveaux types de catalyseurs organiques, comme les acides de Bronsted chiraux, sur support polymérique – polyéthylène glycol, possédant une activité catalytique et de stéréodifférentiation élevée, facilement récupérables d'un mélange réactionnel pour une utilisation dans plusieurs cycles catalytiques. Les diesters de l'acide phosphorique, dérivés de bisphenols, ont étés utilisés comme catalyseurs acides. Une série de dérivés polymériques basés sur des PEG monofonctionnalisés de différentes tailles ont été préparée. Ces catalyseurs ont testés dans plusieurs réactions énantiosélectives d'addition de différents nucléophiles sur liaisons C = N permettant l'accès à des précurseurs importants, que sont les amines chirales et les acides α-aminés phosphorés. / Asymmetric organocatalysis has emerged recently as a powerful tool for the preparation of chiral molecules. The aim of the project was to design, synthesize and test new supported organocatalysts for the preparation of molecules by transfer hydrogenation reaction of ketimines and by Pudovik reaction for the amino phosphonic acid. The presence of a soluble support provided homogeneous conditions for catalysis and facilitated recovery and recycling of the catalyst. A series of derivatized polymers based on monofunctional PEG's with different sizes were prepared. These catalysts were tested in several enantioselective addition reactions of various nucleophiles to multiple C=N-bond leading to precursors of practically important compounds such as chiral amines, amino phosphonic acids.