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The subject of dissertation is to evaluate the structure, development and silviculture spruce-beech stands in the western Giant Mountains and design of differentiated silviculture of these stand in similar environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to describe the structure of trees natural regeneration and the structure of tree layer, evaluate their current development and to predict future developments and based on detailed analysis of habitat and stand conditions to propose a framework directive management of the studied stands and stands located in similar habitat and stand conditions in the Giant Mountains. For this purpose were used primarily permanent research plots (PRP) 1, 2, 8, 9 and 35 with the dimensions of 50 × 50 m, which were established and regularly monitored since 1980 (PRP 1, 2, 8 and 9), PRP 35 were established in 2004 and a number of other sub-plots. For the evaluation of natural regeneration was on each research plot marked transects 50 × 5 m (250 m2). Measurement of the natural regeneration included all individuals present at the individual transects, whose diameter breast-height diameter was smaller than 7 cm. After measuring all the data was evaluated spatial, species, height and thickness structure. To evaluate the tree layer were measured all individuals on permanent research plot with breast-height diameter greater or equal than 7 cm. The measured data were subsequently evaluated by mathematical-statistical methods. Visualization of the tree layer and development simulation was performed using the growth simulator biodynamic of forest SIBYLA. The results show that the structure stands was on individual permanent research plots very variable. Variability occurred in natural regeneration even within individual transects. Significant differences are evident in the development of stands that provide space for a wide range of near natural differentiated care within of stands type and individual types and subtypes of forest development.

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The thesis deals with the appropriateness of using two different combinations of harvester´s system for stand tending. The aim was to quantify differences using harvester´s system and found out which is more appropriate for intervention. The difference in the number of felling trees is using as key parameter. According to results is better for future development of stand using harvester´s which will create closer segmenting lines. The rest of trees in stand mean greater possibility of selection for subsequent thinning and higher possibility of yield in other interventions due to greater volume.

This thesis focuses on the cultivation of catch crops, evaluation catch crops ability of coverage of soil surface and dry matter yields of selected species catch crops and their use in the grain maize sowing. The literature review describes the different functions of catch crops in relation to the soil and the environment. In detail are discussed biotic and abiotic factors affecting the cultivation of catch crops and agronomic practices applied in their cultivation. In the thesis are discussed the economic costs associated with the cultivation of catch crops and the possibility of the use of subsidies for its cultivation. Described is also the division of catch crops by date of sowing and the definition of appropriate and inappropriate catch crops, for the individual production area in the Czech republic. The folloving section of the thesis deals with the evaluation of experiments conducted on the experimental field station in Žabčice. Experiments with catch crops were found out in 2006. There were ten catch crops: Sinapis alba L., Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiformis Pers., Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth., Fagopyrum vulgare Hill., Secale cereale L. var. multicaule Metzg. ex Alef., Panicum miliaceum L., Crambe abyssinica L. Hochst., Malva verticillata L., Phalaris canariensis L., Carthamus tictorius L. The thesis follows results from 2011 to 2014. There was catch crops ability of coverage of soil surface using digital image analysis evaluated. Further the dry matter yields of catch crops was evaluated and dry matter yields between autumn and spring sampling were compared. Field experiment was established at experimental field station in Žabčice in the years 2012/2013. The experiment was made to assess the yield of grain maize under different variants of soil tillage (direct seeding, loosening, strip tillage) in system, where Phacelia tanacetifolia was used as catch crop in comparison with soil tillage systems without Phacelia tanacetifolia (ploughing, loosening and strip tillage).

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