Angl. resumé

The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the reproduction and production indicators from the data obtained and processed on the selected farm. Farm indicators were evaluated between 2013 and 2017 and 200 sows were selected from multiplier herds for which selected reproductive indicators were evaluated. The reproduction indicators were evaluate the number of all born piglets, the number of alive piglets, the number of weaned piglets and the stillborn piglets from birth to wean by parity and gestation length. The highest number of all born piglets and weaned piglets per year was reported by the farm in 2017. 15, 6 ± 3.3 pcs of all live piglets were born and 11.9 ± 1.6 pcs of piglets per litter were weaned. The average was weaned 1.8 ± 2.9 piglets. In terms of production indicators, the average daily gain and feed conversion per 1 kg increments for the pre-fattening and fattening category were evaluated by year and season. The highest average daily gain in both categories was found in 2015, in pre-fattening it was 414.7 ± 18.9 g/day and in fattening it was 813.8 ± 34.1 g/day. For the feed conversion indicator, the lowest values were found in 2015. In the pre-fattening category feed consumption per kg of gain it was 1.79 ± 0.19 kg and in fattening it was 3.01 ± 0.19 kg/kg.

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The thesis deals with the composition of the fed ration of fattening pigs, especially with the incorporation of wet corn grain as an alternative into the feed of pigs and evaluates its importance in terms of nutritional value. It also evaluates the production properties of pigs and the possibility of influencing these parameters by nutrition. Another part of the diploma thesis is dedicated to the particular experiments, which were carried out in the Agricultural Cooperative Hrotovice. Here the corn was applied to the feed doses at different levels; in the composition of the resulting feed mixture A1 in proportions 40, 25 and 10 % and in the composition of the resulting feed mixture A3 in proportions 70, 50 and again 50 %. In the second experiment was also added the wheat-barley grit in the amount of 17 %. Subsequently, the monitored parameters of utility properties were evaluated together with the evaluation of economic indicators. The results suggest that the best values can be achieved by incorporation of corn in the amount of 10 % for the A1 mixture and 50 % for the A3 mixture. For this variation, the average daily gain was 905 g per day, conversion of the feed was 2,89 kg / kg and the fattening time was 95 days. Results did not demonstrate statistical significance, but from an economic point of view, these values showed the best cost-effectiveness, which could result in a savings up to 143.7 CZK per one fattened pig.

The main objective of the Thesis was to analyse the reproductive performance of sows in the selected breeding. Data collection took place in Vemas a.s, which is engaged in pig breeding. The data was gathered in this breeding in the period of August 8 2016 to July 31 2017 at sample of 938 sows in 1761 litters. In the litter, the age of first fertilization and parturition of sows were monitored as well as the length of gestation period itself and gestation period depending on the number of alive or dead born piglets in the litter. Furthermore, the amount of all born piglets was observed, alive and dead born ones in the litter, the number of mummified piglets, the amount of weaned piglets and the loss of piglets from birth to weaning in connection to the litter order of the sow. Most of sows were fertilized between days 230. and 249. of their age, while parturition appeared between days 350. and 359. of their age. The average length of gestation period was 115,38 days. The biggest portion of live born piglets (14,08 cases per a litter) was born at the length of 113 days of gestation period, the smallest portion of dead born piglets has been found at the lenght of gestation period between 118 and 119 days. Most of all (14,72 cases per litter) and of alive born piglets (13,91 cases per litter) were observed in the third litter, the amount of dead born and mummified piglets in the litter went up in relation with the litter order. The number of weaned piglets in the litters was fairly balanced, in average 12,12 cases per a litter. The losses between the birth and the weaning were the highest in the third litter (10,42 % out of live born piglets). The breeding reaches excelent results which are also proven by PICtrag league where the breeding came first two times in a row.

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The characteristics of energy status in porcine oocytes as related to their meiotic competence and in vitro maturation were studied. Cycling pubertal gilts in the early luteal to the early follicular phases of the ovarian cycle were used as oocyte donors. The oocytes recovered from medium (MF) or small follicles (SF) were considered meiotically more or less competent, respectively. The oocytes were examined before or after maturation by confocal microscopy, a bioluminescent cell assay and Western blotting. Four experiments, each in triplicate, were performed to assess both SF and MF oocytes in terms of metabolic units formed by mitochondria and lipids, ATP and lipid consumption and lipid droplets with adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP) expression. In conclusion, specific differences in energy characteristics between porcine oocytes with different meiotic competence were found. Meiotically more competent oocytes are more advanced in terms of energy reserves before maturation, while meiotically less competent oocytes are more active in replenishing energy stores during maturation.

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